{"id":20079095,"date":"2021-09-23T12:30:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-23T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?post_type=opinion&#038;p=79095"},"modified":"2024-04-12T15:11:30","modified_gmt":"2024-04-12T15:11:30","slug":"lightning-strikes-india-increase-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"opinion","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/lightning-strikes-india-increase-climate-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Climate change is leading to more lightning strikes in India"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The frequency and intensity of lightning strikes have risen sharply in South Asia since the 1970s. So have fatalities, especially of farmers during the monsoon cropping season. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lightning is now the most fatal natural hazard in India: <a href=\"https:\/\/ncrb.gov.in\/en\/accidental-deaths-suicides-india-adsi\">data<\/a> from the National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) reveals that over 100,000 people died due to lightning strikes between 1967 and 2019. This is 33% of all deaths caused by natural hazards over the 52-year period \u2013&nbsp;more than twice the casualties due to floods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/7332089\/embed\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px;\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\"><\/iframe><div style=\"width:100%!;margin-top:4px!important;text-align:right!important;\"><a class=\"flourish-credit\" href=\"https:\/\/public.flourish.studio\/visualisation\/7332089\/?utm_source=embed&amp;utm_campaign=visualisation\/7332089\" target=\"_top\" style=\"text-decoration:none!important\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite this, lightning has not yet been officially notified as a <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/hub\/climate-disasters\/\">disaster<\/a> by the federal Ministry of Home Affairs. The State Disaster Response Fund currently <a href=\"https:\/\/ndmindia.mha.gov.in\/response-fund\">covers<\/a> cyclones, droughts, earthquake, fires, floods, tsunamis, hailstorms, landslides, avalanches, cloudbursts, pest attacks, frosts, cold waves and now Covid-19. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Until lighting is added to the official list, it is not mandatory to incorporate risks posed by the phenomenon into all development and disaster-management plans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-accordion block--accordion\"><span class=\"block--accordion__title\">What causes lightning?<\/span><div class=\"block--accordion__content\"><div class=\"block--accordion__content__inner\">\n<p><p>Lightning is a very fast, high-voltage discharge of electricity. It is caused by imbalances in the atmosphere, when there is warm air underneath much colder air. As water vapour meets the Earth\u2019s hot surface, it shoots into the atmosphere and freezes. These ice particles collide with one another, and the friction generates an electric charge. This charge is attracted to the Earth\u2019s surface and to other clouds, where it is discharged as lightning.<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><p>The tropics get more than other regions because there is more heat and moisture in the atmosphere. At any given time, over two million lightning strikes occur around the globe.<\/p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-rising-number-of-lightning-strikes-in-india\">Rising number of lightning strikes in India<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In recent years, there has been a significant rise in the frequency, intensity and geographical spread of lightning strikes in India. The 2020-21 Annual Lightning Report published by the non-profit Climate Resilient Observing Systems Promotion Council (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cropc.org\">CROPC<\/a>) recorded a 34% jump in lightning strikes within a year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A 2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1259100\">study<\/a> by scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, found that lightning strikes in the US may increase by 12% for every degree of rise in the global average air temperature. The authors forecast a 50% rise in lightning strikes in the US by 2100. CROPC data shows India is already experiencing a sudden rise in lightning strikes, suggesting the situation is far more alarming in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/7332281\/embed\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px;\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\"><\/iframe><div style=\"width:100%!;margin-top:4px!important;text-align:right!important;\"><a class=\"flourish-credit\" href=\"https:\/\/public.flourish.studio\/visualisation\/7332281\/?utm_source=embed&amp;utm_campaign=visualisation\/7332281\" target=\"_top\" style=\"text-decoration:none!important\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-volatile-monsoon-means-higher-lightning-risk\">Volatile monsoon means higher lightning risk<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hot weather and humidity create ideal conditions for thunderstorms \u2013&nbsp;so as climate change causes more heatwaves, more storms and lightning strikes will follow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In South Asia, lightning frequency increases rapidly during pre-monsoon storms, stays high during the monsoon, and rises again when the monsoon is retreating in September.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<a class=\"wp-block-cd-related-news alignright block--related-news loading\" data-post-id=\"20078958\"><div class=\"block--related-news__image\"><\/div><div class=\"block--related-news__content\"><span class=\"block--related-news__heading\">Recommended<\/span><span class=\"block--related-news__title\"><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p>The monsoon has become more erratic due to climate change. There are often periods of intensely hot sunny days between rainy days. This has also led to an increase in lightning strikes during the monsoon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A count of lightning strikes in the past two years shows that while strikes remain highest in and around the monsoon, the sharpest rise between the two years was in the months of April and May \u2013 the hottest pre-monsoon months in South Asia. This seasonality \u2013 which is different in different parts of India \u2013 is important for disaster preparedness. CROPC has also identified lightning hotspots in each state. Together, this information can help local policymakers prepare for lightning strikes and prevent fatalities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/7332541\/embed\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px;\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\"><\/iframe><div style=\"width:100%!;margin-top:4px!important;text-align:right!important;\"><a class=\"flourish-credit\" href=\"https:\/\/public.flourish.studio\/visualisation\/7332541\/?utm_source=embed&amp;utm_campaign=visualisation\/7332541\" target=\"_top\" style=\"text-decoration:none!important\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-accordion block--accordion\"><span class=\"block--accordion__title\">How dangerous are lightning strikes?<\/span><div class=\"block--accordion__content\"><div class=\"block--accordion__content__inner\">\n<p><p>About 10% of lightning strike victims are killed, according to National Geographic. A lightning strike can cause a heart attack. Around 70% of victims suffer serious long-term effects such as brain damage, burns and seizures.<\/p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike floods and cyclones, where early warning systems help to minimise the number of casualties, less work has been done in India to reduce the risks lightning poses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Most victims of lightning are struck outdoors. This places farmers, herders, fishers, construction and agricultural labourers, and those working in outdoor factories such as brick kilns and construction sites at high risk. Anyone taking shelter under a tall isolated object like a tree, pole or building is at risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is no time to react when lightning strikes; the only way is to avoid exposure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some states \u2013 Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Jharkhand, Kerala, Nagaland, Bihar \u2013 have taken comprehensive lightning risk management measures. As a result, there was a decrease of up to 70% in lightning deaths in Andhra Pradesh and Odisha between April 2019 and March 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-raising-awareness-of-the-risk\">Raising awareness of the risk <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2019, CROPC launched its Lightning Resilient India Campaign 2019-2022. It uses a citizen science approach, and is in partnership with India Meteorological Department and World Vision India and supported by a host of agencies inside and outside government. It is being run through an early warning system created by the India Meteorological Department (IMD). In 2019, the IMD started a lightning and thunderstorms <a href=\"https:\/\/mausam.imd.gov.in\/\">forecast<\/a>, issuing them at ranges of three-five days, 24 hours and three-four hours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The campaign, through its collective efforts, has already reduced lightning deaths considerably since its launch in April 2019. It now aims to reduce deaths and losses by 80% over three years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/7332734\/embed\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px;\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\"><\/iframe><div style=\"width:100%!;margin-top:4px!important;text-align:right!important;\"><a class=\"flourish-credit\" href=\"https:\/\/public.flourish.studio\/visualisation\/7332734\/?utm_source=embed&amp;utm_campaign=visualisation\/7332734\" target=\"_top\" style=\"text-decoration:none!important\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Other steps taken include the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology\u2019s launch of Damini, a mobile phone app. This provides a lightning forecast within a radius of at least 40 kilometres around a phone and also advises on preventive measures. The&nbsp;Indian Space Research Organisation has also&nbsp;set up a&nbsp;lightning detection network and an <a href=\"https:\/\/bhuvan-app1.nrsc.gov.in\/lightning\/\">online<\/a> lightning early warning system. This early warning is communictated by disaster-management authorities at state and district levels.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, electronic and social media and volunteers spread information of potential lightning risks to raise awareness. More weather-monitoring stations are being set up across the country; more and more institutional buildings \u2013 schools, hospitals, community centres and so on \u2013 have lightning safety devices installed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The National Disaster Management Authority has issued guidelines to state governments to prepare lightning <a href=\"https:\/\/ndma.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/PDF\/Technical%20Documents\/Protocol-for-EWS-on-Thunderstorm-and-lighting.pdf\">action plans<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/hyperlinked to https:\/\/ndma.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/PDF\/Technical%20Documents\/Protocol-for-EWS-on-Thunderstorm-and-lighting.pdf\">provide<\/a> early warning. It also has a list of <a href=\"https:\/\/ndma.gov.in\/Resources\/awareness\/lightning\">dos and don\u2019ts<\/a> for the public. Seventeen state governments have notified lightning strikes as disasters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CROPC has led the way in research and development in collaboration with academia and scientific institutions. As a result, more studies are now being undertaken. CROPC\u2019s report is even hosted on the World Meteorological Organisation\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/public.wmo.int\/en\/media\/news-from-members\/annual-lightning-report-2020-2021-executive-summary-india-meteorological\">website<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The need now is for state and local governments to play a more active role in raising vulnerable communities\u2019 awareness of this deadly climate change impact.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lightning strikes were the biggest cause of death due to natural hazards over a 50-year period, but the phenomenon is still not officially notified as a disaster<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":20079096,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[761],"tags":[519,543,20000628],"country":[20000111],"class_list":["post-20079095","opinion","type-opinion","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","tag-climate-impacts","tag-extreme-weather","tag-science","country-india"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Lightning strikes in India increasing due to climate change | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Lightning strikes in India were the biggest cause of death due to natural hazards over 50-years, killing more people than floods\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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