{"id":20120662,"date":"2023-09-05T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-05T02:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?post_type=opinion&#038;p=120662"},"modified":"2024-04-12T09:56:20","modified_gmt":"2024-04-12T09:56:20","slug":"g20-india-meeting-little-sign-of-south-asian-voice-climate","status":"publish","type":"opinion","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/g20-india-meeting-little-sign-of-south-asian-voice-climate\/","title":{"rendered":"Opinion: As G20 meets in India, little sign of a South Asian voice on climate"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">New Delhi is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.businesstoday.in\/latest\/trends\/story\/g20-summit-new-delhi-gears-up-for-mega-event-security-beefed-up-public-holidays-announced-396075-2023-08-29\">shutting down<\/a> in preparation for the arrival of world leaders at the <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/what-is-india-bringing-to-g20-on-climate\/\">G20 Summit<\/a> on 9-10 September. But in the run up to the mega-event, it\u2019s important to look at India\u2019s vision for the summit, and ask whether it has fulfilled the goals it set out for itself \u2013 especially when it comes to climate challenges faced by the Global South.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Throughout its presidency of the G20, which started on 1 December 2022, the Indian government has indicated that it wants to be the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/india-stakes-its-g20-legacy-on-global-south-imprint\/article67079840.ece\">voice of the Global South<\/a>. Emphasising a fairer way forward for the global economy is an ideal position for India to take, given that in 2022, it had the lowest per capita GDP of any of the G20 countries, at <a href=\"https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?locations=IN\">USD 2,389<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe src='https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/14885325\/embed' title='Interactive or visual content' class='flourish-embed-iframe' frameborder='0' scrolling='no' style='width:100%;height:600px;' sandbox='allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation'><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p>Such a position would have also meant a synergy between the G20 Summit and the UN climate meeting <a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/cop28\">COP28<\/a>, after Sultan Al Jaber, the COP28 president, called on G20 countries to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/sustainability\/un-climate-chief-calls-g20-lead-way-mitigation-summit-2023-07-27\/\">take the lead<\/a> on climate. COP28 is scheduled to be held in the United Arab Emirates from 30 November to 12 December, to discuss global progress on climate targets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But since Russia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine, meeting after meeting of the G20 has resulted in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-india-64796718\">deadlock<\/a>, without a single consolidated statement. The last G20 Summit, under the presidency of Indonesia, resulted in a statement which included a paragraph on the Ukraine war, but Russia and China distanced themselves from this. During India\u2019s presidency, a group of countries led by the United States has insisted on including the war in statements, while China and Russia have refused. As a result, a meeting of G20 foreign ministers in March ended <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-global\/g-20-foreign-ministers-meeting-8478860\/\">without a joint statement<\/a>, as did meetings of <a href=\"https:\/\/thewire.in\/diplomacy\/yet-again-no-joint-statement-after-g20-finance-ministers-meeting-due-to-ukraine-war\">G20 finance ministers<\/a>. Critically for the environment, the meetings of the environment ministers and of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.deccanherald.com\/india\/consensus-on-outcome-document-eludes-g20-as-summit-day-nears-2664032\">G20 chief scientific advisers<\/a> have also concluded without a consensus statement. There is no reason to believe that the G20 Summit will have a different outcome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-accordion block--accordion\"><span class=\"block--accordion__title\">What is the G20?<\/span><div class=\"block--accordion__content\"><div class=\"block--accordion__content__inner\">\n<p>The G20 is a forum comprised of most of the world\u2019s largest economies, to provide a space for cooperation on economic issues. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Its current members are Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States, plus the European Union. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G20 countries account for \u201caround 80% of global economic output, nearly 75% of global exports, and about 60% of the world\u2019s population\u201d, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/backgrounder\/what-does-g20-do\">according to<\/a> the Council of Foreign Relations.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>After the meeting of G20 foreign ministers in March, India\u2019s foreign minister, S Jaishankar, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ndtv.com\/india-news\/no-g20-joint-statement-due-to-ukraine-conflict-says-foreign-minister-s-jaishankar-3828449\">stated<\/a> that \u201cthere were differences which we couldn\u2019t reconcile\u201d, in the context of the war in Ukraine. But the G20\u2019s consistent failure to reach consensus has significant negative consequences for India\u2019s vision of bringing the \u2018voice of the Global South\u2019 into the G20. Without consensus statements, there is nothing to show that such a voice has been included.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<a class=\"wp-block-cd-related-news alignright block--related-news loading\" data-post-id=\"20116154\"><div class=\"block--related-news__image\"><\/div><div class=\"block--related-news__content\"><span class=\"block--related-news__heading\">Recommended<\/span><span class=\"block--related-news__title\"><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p>An even bigger issue for India\u2019s leadership might lie closer to home. At least the leaders of the G20 are meeting, in sharp contrast to South Asia: the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) has not had a summit since <a href=\"http:\/\/news.biharprabha.com\/2014\/02\/kathmandu-nepal-to-host-18th-saarc-summit-this-year\/\">2014<\/a>. With no forums for discussion even taking place, there is no possibility of finding regional consensus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The lack of consensus in South Asia is all the more striking because of the parallels that exist within the region. From Afghanistan in the west to Myanmar in the east, the countries of South Asia have a largely similar per capita GDP, and similar economies that are dependent on agriculture and the monsoon. And crucially, they are all highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-south-asia-s-shared-climate-risks\">South Asia\u2019s shared climate risks<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The floods that hit Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh in August 2023 underscore the joint threats that South Asian countries face from an increasingly erratic climate. More than 100,000 people had to be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2023\/08\/23\/1195437650\/100-000-people-evacuated-over-3-weeks-from-flooding-in-pakistans-punjab-province\">evacuated from their homes<\/a> in Pakistan. In the mountainous Indian province of Himachal Pradesh, more than <a href=\"https:\/\/www.outlookindia.com\/national\/himachal-pradesh-floods-people-dead-houses-destroyed-data-disaster-news-314001\">360 people were killed<\/a> and 12,000 homes destroyed. And <a href=\"https:\/\/www.context.news\/climate-risks\/bangladesh-confronts-growing-threat-of-warming-driven-floods\">in Bangladesh<\/a>, 50 people were killed and 200,000 displaced. Despite the floods, India actually saw an overall rainfall deficit, making it the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/india\/india-faces-record-low-august-rains-threatening-summer-crops-2023-08-18\/\">driest August since 1901<\/a>. Similar fluctuations are evident in Pakistan and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucanews.com\/news\/bangladeshi-farmers-pay-price-for-climate-change\/102322\">Bangladesh<\/a>, with major consequences for food security.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-pull-quote block--pull-quote block--pull-quote--no-citation\"><div class=\"block--pull-quote__wrapper\"><blockquote class=\"block--pull-quote__quote\">The countries of these river basins thrive and suffer together, but they do not collaborate<\/blockquote><cite class=\"block--pull-quote__cite\"><\/cite><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The reality is that the monsoon system and rivers of these countries, their lifelines, are intertwined. The Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra are shared between Pakistan, India and Bangladesh, fed by Himalayan glaciers that are undergoing <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/drastic-changes-himalayas-ice-snow-water-deserves-political-attention\/\">drastic changes<\/a> as a result of climate change. The countries of these river basins thrive and suffer together, but they do not collaborate. Nor do they have an advocate pushing a joint South Asian perspective \u2013 of over a billion people \u2013 on the global stage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It makes obvious sense for the region to have a consolidated approach to climate action since its individual economies are impacted in similar ways by climate (in)action. And yet, there is no sign of any of the three countries making regional action to deal with this shared transboundary threat a priority.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Politics distracts from South Asian coordination on climate<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Instead, all three countries are resolutely focused on politics. Pakistan has a caretaker government in place ahead of an election, the date of which remains unclear; the country may opt for redistricting based on its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2023\/08\/10\/1193098088\/pakistan-parliament-dissolved-elections\">new census results<\/a>. Indian elections are supposed to be held in early 2024, but the incumbent government has just faced a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-india-66436135\">no-confidence motion<\/a> in Parliament (which it won) over the situation in the mountainous province of Manipur, where more <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/two-killed-in-fresh-violence-in-manipur\/article67249676.ece\">than 150 people<\/a> have been killed and 50,000 displaced since early May due to inter-community conflict. In Bangladesh, elections are scheduled for the end of 2023 or early 2024. The opposition has been <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/asia-pacific\/bangladesh-opposition-holds-protests-demand-resignation-pm-2023-07-28\/\">demanding a caretaker government<\/a> to ensure that elections are free and fair \u2013 a demand that the current government has refused to entertain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<a class=\"wp-block-cd-related-news alignright block--related-news loading\" data-post-id=\"20117597\"><div class=\"block--related-news__image\"><\/div><div class=\"block--related-news__content\"><span class=\"block--related-news__heading\">Recommended<\/span><span class=\"block--related-news__title\"><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p>This political disarray, which makes any kind of coordination in South Asia difficult, also limits the region\u2019s bargaining power in the climate space, where dominant countries are unlikely to be open for negotiations in the first place. With the trial of the former US president Donald Trump set for March 2024, the United States is already in the midst of one of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/cbs-news-poll-analysis-americans-rate-economy-partisan-lens\/\">its most partisan election<\/a> campaigns. Europe is focusing the majority of its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/europe\/eu-unveil-50bln-euro-aid-package-ukraine-sources-2023-06-20\/\">attention and funding<\/a> on the ongoing war in Ukraine. And China\u2019s growth rate has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/china\/china-cuts-key-rates-industrial-output-retail-sales-growth-miss-forecasts-2023-08-15\/\">underperformed expectations<\/a>. Distracted by internal strife, war, and economic struggles, it will be very difficult to persuade these big actors to agree to the funding and sacrifices that the Global South realistically needs from them \u2013 and should be asking for \u2013 to help deal with the climate crisis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unfortunately, distracted by their own political problems, South Asian countries do not even seem to be trying. There is no sign of the effort seen in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2009\/oct\/22\/china-india-climate-change-cooperation\">2009<\/a>, when Jairam Ramesh, India\u2019s then-environment minister, persuaded South Asian environment ministers to take a joint position in UN climate negotiations \u00ad\u2013 although that attempt soon fizzled out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The road to COP28<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In the months remaining before COP28 in Dubai, developing countries generally, and South Asia in particular, will struggle to negotiate a joint position on the single most important issue at the summit: climate finance. The importance of the issue was <a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/news\/on-an-inclusive-cop28-joint-statement-by-the-united-arab-emirates-and-un-climate-change\">recently emphasised<\/a> by the COP28 president Sultan Al Jaber. An article on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/ht-insight\/climate-change\/indias-vision-for-climate-justice-cop28-and-beyond-101692863824448.html\">India\u2019s vision for COP28<\/a> co-written by Indian MP Anil Aggarwal also said: \u201cClimate justice mandates that vulnerable countries receive the financial support and robust infrastructure needed to combat the far-reaching impacts of climate change.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-pull-quote block--pull-quote block--pull-quote--no-citation\"><div class=\"block--pull-quote__wrapper\"><blockquote class=\"block--pull-quote__quote\">India has made no effort to portray this year\u2019s climate disasters as an interlinked South Asian tragedy. Neither have Pakistan or Bangladesh.<\/blockquote><cite class=\"block--pull-quote__cite\"><\/cite><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>But if this is such an important issue, the current linked disasters unfolding in South Asia should have received far more attention \u2013 both as a cornerstone of discussions at the G20 Summit, and also as an important lead into COP28. Climate finance is needed precisely to deal with such <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/hub\/climate-disasters\/\">disasters<\/a>, to build resilient infrastructure and to compensate for losses. Effective climate finance must be cooperative, targeted at ecological regions and not limited to political borders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unfortunately, India has made no effort to portray this year\u2019s climate disasters as an interlinked South Asian tragedy. Neither have Pakistan or Bangladesh. This signals to the rest of the world that the region is simply not interested in making cooperative climate action a priority. If that is the case, the rest of the world will continue to ignore the disasters. After all, it is not their citizens dying, being displaced, or pushed further into poverty.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Despite much of South Asia suffering in recent climate disasters, a coordinated regional voice on climate is striking in its absence, writes Omair Ahmad<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":20120669,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[761],"tags":[50041544,50040720],"country":[20000116,20000111,20000112],"class_list":["post-20120662","opinion","type-opinion","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","tag-climate-diplomacy","tag-geopolitics","country-bangladesh","country-india","country-pakistan"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Opinion: As G20 meets in India, little sign of a South Asian voice on climate<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Despite much of South Asia suffering in recent climate disasters, a coordinated regional voice on climate is striking in its absence\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/g20-india-meeting-little-sign-of-south-asian-voice-climate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"As G20 meets in India, little sign of a South Asian voice on climate\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Despite much of South Asia suffering in recent climate disasters, a coordinated regional voice on climate is striking in its absence\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/g20-india-meeting-little-sign-of-south-asian-voice-climate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dialogue Earth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-04-12T09:56:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Modi-India-G20-climate-oped_TTP_Alamy_2KF0A1P-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"As G20 meets in India, little sign of a South Asian voice on climate\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/g20-india-meeting-little-sign-of-south-asian-voice-climate\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/g20-india-meeting-little-sign-of-south-asian-voice-climate\/\",\"name\":\"Opinion: As G20 meets in India, little sign of a South Asian voice on climate\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/g20-india-meeting-little-sign-of-south-asian-voice-climate\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/g20-india-meeting-little-sign-of-south-asian-voice-climate\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Modi-India-G20-climate-oped_TTP_Alamy_2KF0A1P-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-09-05T02:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-04-12T09:56:20+00:00\",\"description\":\"Despite much of South Asia suffering in recent climate disasters, a coordinated regional voice on climate is striking in its absence\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/g20-india-meeting-little-sign-of-south-asian-voice-climate\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/g20-india-meeting-little-sign-of-south-asian-voice-climate\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/g20-india-meeting-little-sign-of-south-asian-voice-climate\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Modi-India-G20-climate-oped_TTP_Alamy_2KF0A1P-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Modi-India-G20-climate-oped_TTP_Alamy_2KF0A1P-1.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":800,\"caption\":\"2KF0A1P Prime Minister Narendra Modi of India (left) arrives at the formal welcome ceremony to mark the beginning of the G20 summit in Bali, Indonesia. 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