{"id":20031742,"date":"2020-02-12T12:30:54","date_gmt":"2020-02-12T07:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?p=31742"},"modified":"2021-02-01T16:55:15","modified_gmt":"2021-02-01T11:25:15","slug":"changing-lives-around-the-mahakali","status":"publish","type":"photo_story","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/uncategorized\/changing-lives-around-the-mahakali\/","title":{"rendered":"Changing lives around the Mahakali"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>See the earlier reports in this series:\u00a0<\/em><em><a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/2020\/02\/07\/mahakali-women-find-their-voices\/\">Mahakali women find their voices,<\/a> <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/2020\/02\/10\/lives-without-men\/\"><em>Lives without men<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Running their homes while their menfolk migrate in search of work, women living along the Mahakali River that marks Nepal\u2019s western border with India are especially vulnerable to water-related disasters \u2013 erosion, landslides, flash floods and polluted water.<\/p>\n<p>This has worsened due to climate change, and has come on top of centuries of discrimination due to patriarchy. The average woman who runs the house and the farm has no title to either. Only some of them are educated.<\/p>\n<p>But their lives are gestating into stories of empowerment, awareness of basic rights and aspirations to learn more. Much of this has come through the Women\u2019s Empowerment Centres (WEC) dotting villages along the Mahakali basin. The WECs have been catalysed by a group of NGOs led by the TROSA (Transboundary Rivers of South Asia) project of Oxfam and its local regional partners \u2013 Sankalpa in Darchula, RUDES (Rural Development and Environment Management Society) in Baitadi, RUWDUC (Rural Women\u2019s Development and Unity Centre) in Dadeldhura and NEEDS (National Environment and Equity Development Society) in Kanchanpur.<\/p>\n<p>Supported by the NGOs, the WECs have started to expand their horizons and have initiated transboundary\u00a0water dialogues with villages across the river in Uttarakhand, India. Women\u2019s role in governance, water management and conservation has been one of the main objectives of Oxfam with the belief that empowering these women can eventually change their lives in a positive way as they are the ones impacted the most by transboundary water management issues.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some of the women leading the change.<\/p>\n<h3>Chandra Samantha<\/h3>\n<p>Secretary of the Pragatisheel WEC in Darchula, Chandra Samantha lives just across the river from India. The district in India is also called Dharchula, the extra &#8220;h&#8221; being the only difference. \u201cThe relationship between India and Nepal is very close. We wanted make this relationship even stronger. Nepali women are married in India and Indian women are married in Nepal.\u201d Women from India attended the WEC meetings, and together they decided that repairing the spring \u2013 on the Nepal side \u2013 was top priority, since that is where women from both countries get the water for drinking, cooking, washing and all household chores. The women from India and Nepal came together to repair the spring. \u201cWe carried stones and cement and women from the India side helped us paint the spring,\u201d Samantha recalls. \u201cAs we share the same water, we want the relationship to grow stronger.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Ajaya Dixit, the doyen of water experts in South Asia, wrote recently, \u201cA preliminary analysis of 693 springs over ten districts of the Far West [of Nepal] showed 187 had their average discharge decline by 60% between 2013-2016.\u201d What the women of Darchula and Dharchula have done together is to keep their lifeline intact.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31743\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31743\" style=\"width: 1020px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31743 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Minket-story-3-Chandra-Samantha.jpg\" alt=\"Chandra Samantha sits by this spring in a village of Nepal\u2019s Darchula district repaired by the women of India and Nepal working together\" width=\"1020\" height=\"680\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31743\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chandra Samantha sits by this spring in a village of Nepal\u2019s Darchula district repaired by the women of India and Nepal working together<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Leela Sawanth<\/h3>\n<p>The secretary of the Sagarmatha WEC in Darchula, Leela Sawanth, lives near a primary school in her village. A small river had to be crossed to reach it, and children would find it tough on rainy days \u2013 there were many absentees. The WEC decided that the river had to be bridged. The men were sceptical. \u201cThis discouragement pushed us to show courage and prove them wrong. We consciously did not ask them help. After building the bridge we as women proved them wrong and showed them our capability. I gathered all the women together and we learned something besides cutting grass and cooking,\u201d says Sawanth.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31745\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31745\" style=\"width: 1020px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31745 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Minket-story-3-Leela-Sawanth-1.jpg\" alt=\"Leela Sawanth stands on the bridge that the WEC has built\" width=\"1020\" height=\"680\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31745\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leela Sawanth stands on the bridge that the WEC has built<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Nanda Daga<\/h3>\n<p>Nanda Daga is a grandmother who has lost her parents and siblings to floods in the Mahakali. She was hesitant to join the WEC. \u201cI had never attended meetings in my lifetime as I was a woman of the older generation and was often chided if I was around meetings. During my menstrual cycles I used to live in a cowshed and have given birth to five children there.\u201d But when she did join, it was her persuasion that led the WEC to build a drinking water tap for the primary school in the village. Now she says, \u201cI want to encourage my daughter and daughter in law to learn more as I have lived my lifetime picking grass. \u00a0We did not know then that we had so much potential. Our group gave me the courage. I feel we can do it if we are together. We joke around but not during the work.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31746\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31746\" style=\"width: 1020px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31746 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Minket-story-3-Nanda-Daga.jpg\" alt=\"Nanda Daga stands at the tap that provides clean drinking water to the local school\" width=\"1020\" height=\"679\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31746\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nanda Daga stands at the tap that provides clean drinking water to the local school<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Jayanti Dhami<\/h3>\n<p>With her husband working in Lebanon, Jayanti Dhami \u2013\u2013 a bride from India \u2013\u2013 has not only brought up two children by herself, but has also earned enough from her farm to buy a pair of earrings. It happened because she joined the WEC and learnt how to irrigate her terraced fields. \u201cI was very shy and I used to feel scared when I would see people. I would not speak but when I got the support from my women folks, I got the courage to initiate the irrigation system which would divert the water to our fields.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31747\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31747\" style=\"width: 1020px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31747 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Minket-story-3-Jayanti-Dhami.jpg\" alt=\"Jayanti Dhami earned enough from her farm to buy this pair of gold earrings\" width=\"1020\" height=\"680\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31747\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jayanti Dhami earned enough from her farm to buy this pair of gold earrings<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>The women leaders of Baitadi<\/h2>\n<h3>Tara Karki<\/h3>\n<p>Secretary of Navjyoti Women Empowerment group representing Chandranagar Municipality from Baitadi, Western Nepal, Tara Karki knows what the absence of basic healthcare means. She gave birth to two children in the woods near her village and to one near the threshold of her home. If villagers needed urgent healthcare, they would have to cross the Mahakali on rafts made of tubes of old truck tyres, and go to India. The other option was to walk for five hours.<\/p>\n<p>A birthing centre was opened in her village six years ago, but was not functioning properly. So the first job of the WEC in her village was to arrange for a nurse who would be available much of the time. \u201cWith the strength that I have gathered from my village sisters, we go to the municipality and have the confidence to speak with the officers and demand what we need,\u201d Karki says. Women who did not know how to sign can now do so. They have learnt to save their money. If they meet a stranger, they are not silent any more.<\/p>\n<p>Karki\u2019s husband used to discourage her. \u201cBut he saw we were doing something worthwhile and the number of women participating was increasing every year, he stopped.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31748\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31748\" style=\"width: 1020px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31748 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Minket-story-3-Tara-Karki.jpg\" alt=\"Tara Karki leads the WEC members on their way back from a meeting\" width=\"1020\" height=\"680\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31748\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tara Karki leads the WEC members on their way back from a meeting<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Dhana Joshi<\/h3>\n<p>Dhana Joshi was brought up with the belief that water is sacred, that medicinal plants grow around the source of the Mahakali, and that the river brings all the medicines\u2019 properties along with the water. So when her children kept falling sick after drinking the water she fetched from the river, she did not know why. It was at a WEC meeting that she learnt about the problems caused by open defecation upstream. Then she got a water quality testing kit at the WEC. Now she knows about TDS (total dissolved solids) and pH balance. She also knows to boil the drinking water, and persuades all her neighbours to do the same.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31749\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31749\" style=\"width: 1020px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31749 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Minket-story-3-Dhana-Joshi.jpg\" alt=\"WEC members checking the TDS and pH balance of the Mahakali water with tools provided by the Citizens\u2019 Science Project initiated by TROSA\" width=\"1020\" height=\"680\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31749\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">WEC members checking the TDS and pH balance of the Mahakali water with tools provided by the Citizens\u2019 Science Project initiated by TROSA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Bishna Karki<\/h3>\n<p>She is the one who gets the flood alert on her mobile phone when the Mahakali waters rise upstream. Secretary of the Pragatisheel WEC in Baitadi, it is Bishna Karki\u2019s job \u2013\u2013 done voluntarily \u2013\u2013 to warn her neighbours and villages downstream.<\/p>\n<p>It takes the flood waters about 90 minutes to travel from the district upstream. Before Bishna volunteered, police officials in that district would alert their civilian counterparts, who would inform Nepal\u2019s home ministry in Kathmandu, who would inform the district officials downstream. The process would often take longer than 90 minutes.<\/p>\n<p>The WEC members in Bishna\u2019s village contacted WEC members upstream, and have created a community-to-community alert system, to which they have now added women living on the other side of the river in India, yet another example of transboundary cooperation.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31750\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31750\" style=\"width: 1020px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31750 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Minket-story-3-Bishna-Karki.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"680\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31750\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bishna Karki poses in front of the Pragatisheel Women\u2019s Empowerment Centre<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>The women leaders of Dadeldhura<\/h2>\n<h3>Gauri Hamal<\/h3>\n<p>A member of the Bahadure WEC in Dadeldhura, Gauri Hamal learnt white water rafting when she joined the TROSA project. \u201cIt is a matter of pride that I was the first woman to raft on the Mahakali,\u201d she says. \u201cI taught the women of Bahadure WEC lots of things. Later on many women came on board to try rafting, initially they were very scared. But they loved it. The raft could connect the people from both side of India and Nepal especially during the Parshudham Mandir festival.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The rafting was more than fun. It was the way for women from India could attend the religious festival last year. And the WEC saw to it that nobody threw any garbage into the river during the festival. The members made cane dustbins to place all around the fairground. They contacted municipality officials to ensure garbage removal.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31751\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31751\" style=\"width: 1020px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31751 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Minket-story-3-Gauri-Hamal.jpg\" alt=\"Gauri Hamal leads the Mahakali rafters at the Parshuram Dham religious festival. The rafts were used to transport pilgrims from India. (Right) Hamal strikes a taekwondo pose\" width=\"1020\" height=\"394\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31751\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gauri Hamal leads the Mahakali rafters at the Parshuram Dham religious festival. The rafts were used to transport pilgrims from India. (Right) Hamal strikes a taekwondo pose<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>The women leaders of Kanchanpur<\/h2>\n<h3>Januki Pun Magar and Ratna Devi Bharti<\/h3>\n<p>By joining the WEC, Januki and Ratna learnt a new way to make money \u2013\u2013 pebble art. They always knew about making a living by breaking stones in the riverbed. But an artist from Tanakpur in India, showed them that they could arrange the pebbles in an artistic way, frame the result, and sell it. Ratna says, \u201cWe\u2019d love to create more of this art but we do not have the means. We will create more if we get an opportunity.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31752\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31752\" style=\"width: 1020px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31752 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Minket-story-3-Pebble-art.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"340\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31752\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The making of pebble art and (right) one of the products<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Purna Devi Kasera<\/h3>\n<p>A member of the Kalika WEC, Purna Devi Kasera can see Nepal\u2019s well-known Shuklaphanta National Park across the Mahakali from her village. She is leading the women to conserve the fish in the river. \u201cWe felt that if there are fish then the water remains clean but if we start killing fish for economic reasons, there is a very high chance of our water getting polluted. When bombs were exploded [to kill fish], our water got polluted, the embankments were destroyed and possibility of flood was huge. There are also different kinds of fish which we see a lot of during the rainy season. If the fish is not poisoned, I feel that the very breathing of fish is like filtering of the water.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>To keep illegal fishers away, the WEC members patrol the riverbank at night, and now know how to warn the mayor and the local police chief even at midnight.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31753\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31753\" style=\"width: 1020px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31753 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Minket-story-3-Purna-Devi-Kasera.jpg\" alt=\"Purna Devi Kasera on the bank of the Mahakali, with the Shuklaphanta National Park across the river\" width=\"1020\" height=\"680\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31753\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Purna Devi Kasera on the bank of the Mahakali, with the Shuklaphanta National Park across the river<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em>This work was supported by The Third Pole-Oxfam Shared Water Media Grants as part of the Transboundary Rivers of South Asia (TROSA)\u00a0project funded by the Government of Sweden.\u00a0Views expressed are solely those of the author<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31754\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31754\" style=\"width: 1020px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-31754 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Minket-story-3-Mahakali.jpg\" alt=\"The Mahakali River flowing between Baitadi in Nepal and Pithoragarh in India\" width=\"1020\" height=\"680\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31754\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Mahakali River flowing between Baitadi in Nepal and Pithoragarh in India<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Women living along the transboundary river have found their own leaders who empower them to demand their basic rights<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":20031755,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[1],"tags":[20000005,20000253,20000022],"country":[20000111,20000113],"class_list":["post-20031742","photo_story","type-photo_story","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-ganga","tag-gender","tag-himalayas","country-india","country-nepal"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Changing lives around the Mahakali<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Women living along the transboundary river have found their own leaders who empower them to demand their basic rights\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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