{"id":50377246,"date":"2023-08-16T16:02:42","date_gmt":"2023-08-16T15:02:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dialogochino.net\/?post_type=photo_story&#038;p=377246"},"modified":"2025-04-03T21:38:10","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T20:38:10","slug":"377246-ecuadors-oil-referendum-polarises-indigenous-groups","status":"publish","type":"photo_story","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/energy\/377246-ecuadors-oil-referendum-polarises-indigenous-groups\/","title":{"rendered":"Ecuador\u2019s oil referendum polarises Indigenous groups"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">\u00d3scar Machoa sits on the floor of his community\u2019s large central hall, the maloca, cutting leaves and watching patiently as he heats them over a fire. Now aged 67, his hands show the signs of years of collecting plants, of craft and building work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He is the healer of the Kichwa community of San Carlos, charged with passing on ancestral knowledge to his neighbours in the canton of La Joya de los Sachas, in Ecuador\u2019s eastern province of Orellana \u2013 home to a portion of the <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/extractive-industries\/52121-ecuadors-yasuni-national-park-between-oil-exploitation-and-conservation\/\">Yasun\u00ed National Park<\/a>, one of the most biodiverse places on the planet, which will this week be the focus of <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/extractive-industries\/376867-ecuador-set-to-vote-on-banning-oil-projects-in-yasuni-national-park\/\">a national referendum over the future of oil reserves<\/a> located beneath its soils. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As soon as he hears the word \u201coil\u201d, Machoa\u2019s patient attitude changes. \u201cWe don\u2019t want anything to be extracted. I remember all the things they promised us and never fulfilled,\u201d he says forcefully. The healer talks of a time nearly 60 years ago, recalling the beginnings of oil extraction in the area, led by Texaco (now owned by Chevron), and which saw more than 2 million hectares of the Ecuadorian Amazon <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancilleria.gob.ec\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/Expediente-Caso-Chevron-abril-2015.pdf\">affected<\/a> over almost 30 years of exploitation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-story-image aligncenter block--story-image block--story-image--wide\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--story-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--story-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_indigenous-women-cooking_JoyaDeLosSachas_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_indigenous-women-cooking_JoyaDeLosSachas_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_indigenous-women-cooking_JoyaDeLosSachas_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_indigenous-women-cooking_JoyaDeLosSachas_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1400x931.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_indigenous-women-cooking_JoyaDeLosSachas_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1800x1197.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_indigenous-women-cooking_JoyaDeLosSachas_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 999px) 1024px, (max-width: 1400px) 1400px, (max-width: 2000px) 2000px, 2560px\" alt=\"women standing in thatched roof kitchen\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--story-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--story-image__caption\">Kichwa Indigenous women cooking in the community of San Carlos, located in La Joya de los Sachas, a canton in Ecuador\u2019s Orellana province. Selling fried plantain and cassava is a source of income for local Indigenous communities. (Image: Flor Ruiz \/ Di\u00e1logo Chino) \u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_indigenous-women-cooking_JoyaDeLosSachas_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1703\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-story-image aligncenter block--story-image block--story-image--article\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--story-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--story-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_OscarMachoa_praying_Kitchwa_community_SanCarlos_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_OscarMachoa_praying_Kitchwa_community_SanCarlos_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_OscarMachoa_praying_Kitchwa_community_SanCarlos_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_OscarMachoa_praying_Kitchwa_community_SanCarlos_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1400x931.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_OscarMachoa_praying_Kitchwa_community_SanCarlos_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1800x1197.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_OscarMachoa_praying_Kitchwa_community_SanCarlos_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 999px) 1024px, (max-width: 1400px) 1400px, (max-width: 2000px) 2000px, 2560px\" alt=\"shirtless man wearing colourful feather crown\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--story-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--story-image__caption\">\u00d3scar Machoa, a Kichwa healer in the community of San Carlos, prays near the communal hall. He says he will vote \u201cYes\u201d in a national referendum this Sunday, to block oil exploitation in Yasun\u00ed National Park. (Image: Flor Ruiz \/ Di\u00e1logo Chino)<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_OscarMachoa_praying_Kitchwa_community_SanCarlos_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1703\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-story-image aligncenter block--story-image block--story-image--article\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--story-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--story-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_YasuniLand_Napo_river_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_YasuniLand_Napo_river_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_YasuniLand_Napo_river_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_YasuniLand_Napo_river_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1400x931.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_YasuniLand_Napo_river_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1800x1197.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_YasuniLand_Napo_river_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 999px) 1024px, (max-width: 1400px) 1400px, (max-width: 2000px) 2000px, 2560px\" alt=\"wide river seen from top of hill\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--story-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--story-image__caption\">View of the Napo river, that flows along the northern border of the Yasun\u00ed National Park from El Coca, the capital of Orellana province (Image: Flor Ruiz \/ Di\u00e1logo Chino)<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_YasuniLand_Napo_river_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1703\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThat\u2019s when our nightmare began,\u201d Machoa continues. \u201cThey told us they would use state-of-the-art technology, but spills became very common. Rivers were polluted, fish died, animals died, and nobody supported us. My grandparents, my parents, we grew up here. That\u2019s why we are going to defend Yasun\u00ed for our children.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This Sunday, 20 August, Ecuadorians will head to the polls for a general election to decide the country\u2019s next president and parliament \u2013 clouded by the recent murder of candidate <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/americas\/ecuadorean-candidate-villavicencio-killed-campaign-event-local-media-2023-08-10\/\">Fernando Villavicencio<\/a> \u2013 as well as a parallel referendum to decide whether to continue or ban exploitation of the Ishpingo, Tambococha and Tiputini (ITT) oil fields, also known as Block 43, located within the Yasun\u00ed National Park.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Kichwa healer says he is determined to vote \u201cYes\u201d to block their exploitation, a position shared by many of Ecuador\u2019s Amazonian population \u2013 though not universally. As the vote nears, the issue has polarised some Indigenous groups, both near and far from Yasun\u00ed itself, reflecting long-standing debates over the benefits and damage of oil extraction, and the extent of state support for the remote communities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-story-image aligncenter block--story-image block--story-image--article\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--story-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--story-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_oil_pipeline_Sucumbios_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_oil_pipeline_Sucumbios_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_oil_pipeline_Sucumbios_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_oil_pipeline_Sucumbios_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1400x931.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_oil_pipeline_Sucumbios_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1800x1197.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_oil_pipeline_Sucumbios_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 999px) 1024px, (max-width: 1400px) 1400px, (max-width: 2000px) 2000px, 2560px\" alt=\"oil pipeline on side of road\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--story-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--story-image__caption\">In Sucumb\u00edos province, Orellana\u2019s northern neighbour, oil pipelines can be seen for miles on end alongside the road towards Ecuador\u2019s capital, Quito (Image: Flor Ruiz \/ Di\u00e1logo Chino)<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_oil_pipeline_Sucumbios_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1703\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-story-image aligncenter block--story-image block--story-image--article\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--story-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--story-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20220515_Oil-spill_Flickr_Christian-Medina_51941785985_7b9766d507_o-scaled.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20220515_Oil-spill_Flickr_Christian-Medina_51941785985_7b9766d507_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20220515_Oil-spill_Flickr_Christian-Medina_51941785985_7b9766d507_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20220515_Oil-spill_Flickr_Christian-Medina_51941785985_7b9766d507_o-1400x933.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20220515_Oil-spill_Flickr_Christian-Medina_51941785985_7b9766d507_o-1800x1200.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20220515_Oil-spill_Flickr_Christian-Medina_51941785985_7b9766d507_o-scaled.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 999px) 1024px, (max-width: 1400px) 1400px, (max-width: 2000px) 2000px, 2560px\" alt=\"dark oil flowing down high cliff\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--story-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--story-image__caption\">One of Ecuador\u2019s many oil spills happened in January 2022, and resulted in the contamination of the Coca river in El Chaco canton, Napo province (Image: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/asambleanacional\/51941785985\/in\/album-72177720297388654\/\">Christian Medina<\/a> \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/people\/asambleanacional\/\">National Assembly of Ecuador<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.0\/\">CC BY-SA<\/a>)<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20220515_Oil-spill_Flickr_Christian-Medina_51941785985_7b9766d507_o-scaled.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"1 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1707\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-vote-against-oil\">A vote against oil<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Machoa\u2019s neighbours in La Joya de los Sachas share his stance against extraction, saying that oil is not necessary to improve their livelihoods. They point to nearby conservation areas, scenic lagoons and waterfalls, which offer opportunities for community-based rural tourism, from which they can earn income without harming their environment, they say.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Villagers raise the issue of oil spills near extraction sites. One says that these \u201chappen all the time, and we don\u2019t want any more of that.\u201d This is no exaggeration: according to Ecuador\u2019s environment ministry, between 1 January 2020 and 30 April 2022, 630 oil spills were <a href=\"https:\/\/www.opendemocracy.net\/es\/ambiente-toxico-scontinuos-derrames-petroleros-secuador\/\">recorded<\/a> in Ecuadorian territory, almost one spill per day. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An hour east of La Joya de los Sachas is the town of Shushufindi, in the province of Sucumb\u00edos. For people here, the concerns over oil are much the same.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-story-image aligncenter block--story-image block--story-image--wide\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--story-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--story-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_hoatzin_bird_LagoAgrio_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_hoatzin_bird_LagoAgrio_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-768x527.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_hoatzin_bird_LagoAgrio_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1024x703.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_hoatzin_bird_LagoAgrio_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1400x961.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_hoatzin_bird_LagoAgrio_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1800x1235.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_hoatzin_bird_LagoAgrio_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 999px) 1024px, (max-width: 1400px) 1400px, (max-width: 2000px) 2000px, 2560px\" alt=\"hoatzin bird in bush\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--story-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--story-image__caption\">A hoatzin in the Lago Agrio Ecological and Recreational Park, Sucumb\u00edos province. There are many conservation areas in the region that offer opportunities for community-based rural tourism. (Image: Flor Ruiz \/ Di\u00e1logo Chino)<br\/><\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_hoatzin_bird_LagoAgrio_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1757\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-story-image aligncenter block--story-image block--story-image--article\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--story-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--story-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Pristimantis-mutabilis_frog_Limoncocha_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Pristimantis-mutabilis_frog_Limoncocha_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-768x488.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Pristimantis-mutabilis_frog_Limoncocha_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1024x650.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Pristimantis-mutabilis_frog_Limoncocha_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1400x889.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Pristimantis-mutabilis_frog_Limoncocha_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1800x1143.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Pristimantis-mutabilis_frog_Limoncocha_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 999px) 1024px, (max-width: 1400px) 1400px, (max-width: 2000px) 2000px, 2560px\" alt=\"speckled grey Pristimantis mutabilis on rock\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--story-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--story-image__caption\">An <em>Oreobates quixensis<\/em>, also known as the common big-headed frog, on a rock in the Limoncocha National Biological Reserve, in Ecuador&#8217;s Sucumb\u00edos province (Image: Flor Ruiz \/ Di\u00e1logo Chino)<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Pristimantis-mutabilis_frog_Limoncocha_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1626\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-story-image aligncenter block--story-image block--story-image--article\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--story-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--story-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_HomeroQuichde_Yacuruna_Tourist_Complex_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_HomeroQuichde_Yacuruna_Tourist_Complex_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_HomeroQuichde_Yacuruna_Tourist_Complex_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_HomeroQuichde_Yacuruna_Tourist_Complex_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1400x931.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_HomeroQuichde_Yacuruna_Tourist_Complex_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1800x1197.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_HomeroQuichde_Yacuruna_Tourist_Complex_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 999px) 1024px, (max-width: 1400px) 1400px, (max-width: 2000px) 2000px, 2560px\" alt=\"People in pool below waterfall \"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--story-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--story-image__caption\">People swim at a waterfall in the Yacuruna tourist resort, in the canton of La Joya de los Sachas. Homero Quichde (left) explains how he created the complex as an area of conservation, without any government help. (Image: Flor Ruiz \/ Di\u00e1logo Chino)<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_HomeroQuichde_Yacuruna_Tourist_Complex_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1703\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe whole of the Ecuadorian Amazon is invaded by oil companies that have been there for half a century, and very few people are interested in this issue \u2013 even if we fight, the orders come from those in power, who will do nothing. We need someone [in government] who wants to make a serious change,\u201d says resident Sandra Aguinda, as she fries plantains and cassava, which she sells in the town\u2019s main square.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Can\u2019t we make a living from activities that don\u2019t affect our territory?\u201d Aquinda adds. \u201cWe Kichwas have organisations, we are enterprising, we can do something.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Further south, in Napo province, home to Kichwa, Shuar and Huaorani Indigenous peoples, communities are also calling for the protection of their territory. \u201cYasun\u00ed is part of our culture. We don\u2019t want it to be exploited, we want to keep the air clean in the land that our ancestors left us,\u201d says Janet Rivadeneyra, leader of the Shiripuno community, on the banks of the Napo river. \u201cIf we don\u2019t take care of Pachamama [mother Earth], we will have illnesses and worries.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rivadeneyra also denounces the growth of <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/extractive-industries\/60366-ecuador-illegal-mining-gold-mafias-threaten-river\/\">illegal mining<\/a> in the Amazon. \u201cOur water is being contaminated and no one is stopping this mining that is killing us,\u201d she tells Di\u00e1logo Chino.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-story-image aligncenter block--story-image block--story-image--article\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--story-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--story-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_JanetRivadeneyra_Shiripuno_leader_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_JanetRivadeneyra_Shiripuno_leader_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_JanetRivadeneyra_Shiripuno_leader_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_JanetRivadeneyra_Shiripuno_leader_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1400x931.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_JanetRivadeneyra_Shiripuno_leader_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1800x1197.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_JanetRivadeneyra_Shiripuno_leader_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 999px) 1024px, (max-width: 1400px) 1400px, (max-width: 2000px) 2000px, 2560px\" alt=\"women examining handicrafts\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--story-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--story-image__caption\">Janet Rivadeneyra (center), leader of the Shiripuno community on the banks of the Napo river, displays her crafts inside a shop created by women of the community. On top of oil exploitation, she says that illegal mining also contaminates the waters of the region. (Image: Flor Ruiz \/ Di\u00e1logo Chino)<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_JanetRivadeneyra_Shiripuno_leader_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1703\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-some-support-for-oil\">Some support for oil<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For other communities in the Amazon, however, support for an end to oil exploitation in Yasun\u00ed National Park \u2013 and beyond \u2013 is not a certainty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt is clear to us that there are communities in the Amazon that are going to support the oil industry, because they benefit from the companies\u2019 precarious, poorly paid jobs. The state is not coming and they are forced to accept,\u201d says Fernando Mu\u00f1oz Mi\u00f1o, national coordinator of Yasunidos, the collective that led the campaign for the referendum to protect Yasun\u00ed and its people, which include the Tagaeri and Taromenane, Ecuador\u2019s last known Indigenous populations in voluntary isolation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whatever the outcome of the vote, Mu\u00f1oz says the state must begin to develop \u201creal economic alternatives for these populations\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the far east of Orellana province, within the ITT-Block 43 that is the focus of Sunday\u2019s referendum, is the Huaorani community of Kawymeno. In this place at the Peruvian border, as well as in several other cantons near the block, people are in favour of continued exploitation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-story-image aligncenter block--story-image block--story-image--article\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--story-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--story-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Huaorani_indigenous_woman_PuertoMisahualli_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Huaorani_indigenous_woman_PuertoMisahualli_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-768x520.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Huaorani_indigenous_woman_PuertoMisahualli_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1024x693.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Huaorani_indigenous_woman_PuertoMisahualli_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1400x948.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Huaorani_indigenous_woman_PuertoMisahualli_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC-1800x1219.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Huaorani_indigenous_woman_PuertoMisahualli_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 999px) 1024px, (max-width: 1400px) 1400px, (max-width: 2000px) 2000px, 2560px\" alt=\"woman on street with display of beaded craft\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--story-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--story-image__caption\">A Huaorani Indigenous woman creates and sells her crafts on the street in Puerto Misahualli, in Ecuador\u2019s Napo province (Image: Flor Ruiz \/ Di\u00e1logo Chino)<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/20230814_Huaorani_indigenous_woman_PuertoMisahualli_Ecuador_FlorRuiz_DC.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1733\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIf there were no oil industry, we would not have had education, health, family welfare,\u201d Panenky Huabe, president of the Kawymeno community, recently <a href=\"https:\/\/www.france24.com\/es\/minuto-a-minuto\/20230624-el-petr%C3%B3leo-la-discordia-entre-ind%C3%ADgenas-amaz%C3%B3nicos-de-ecuador\">told France 24<\/a>, highlighting the absence of state support in this corner of the Amazon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The polarisation of the Amazonian population has been analysed by Patricio Quinda, an entrepreneur who for two decades has promoted tourism in the Yasun\u00ed National Park. He says: \u201cThe oil companies, through community relations agents, enter various communities to divide them, introduce leaders to support its policies and disseminate its system of royalties, which they use to put the inhabitants in its favour.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Illa Grafa, leader of the Rucu Jumandy Kawsay community in the Archidona canton, disagrees with oil activities at ITT-Block 43, but says she can see the issue from the position of those who think differently.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEach place sees its own reality, but the main problem of everything that happens in our communities is that there is no work. For example, many people are turning to illegal gold mining, which is seriously damaging our forests, but they have no alternatives,\u201d Grafa explains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOil should not be exploited \u2013 but we need the income it generates,\u201d she says with concern and regret.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Some communities in the Amazon voice support for oil projects, with the country set to vote on the future of reserves in Yasun\u00ed National Park this Sunday<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":50377265,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[757],"tags":[506,555,50029971],"country":[50002594],"class_list":["post-50377246","photo_story","type-photo_story","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energy","tag-amazon","tag-indigenous-peoples","tag-oil","country-ecuador"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - 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