{"id":50058703,"date":"2022-09-22T11:55:34","date_gmt":"2022-09-22T10:55:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=58703"},"modified":"2024-04-15T15:42:56","modified_gmt":"2024-04-15T15:42:56","slug":"58667-logging-in-the-amazon-laws-advance-but-only-10-of-extraction-is-legal","status":"publish","type":"podcast","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/forests\/58667-logging-in-the-amazon-laws-advance-but-only-10-of-extraction-is-legal\/","title":{"rendered":"Logging in the Amazon: laws advance, but only 10% of extraction is legal"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>To reach Cachoeira do Aru\u00e3, a remote riverside community in the Brazilian state of Par\u00e1, one must travel from the port of Santar\u00e9m along the River Arapiuns. For much of the four-hour speedboat trip, the riverside is flanked by pristine forest, giving the impression of arriving in an almost untouched Amazon.<\/p>\n<div class='block--pullout-stat block--pullout-stat--float cd-shortcode--factbox'>\n                <p class='block--pullout-stat__title'>Editor\u2019s note<\/p>\n                <div class='block--pullout-stat__content'>\n                    <br \/>\nThis article is a summary of episode three of Amaz\u00f4nia Ocupada, a new podcast series from Di\u00e1logo Chino, available in Portuguese only. Listen <a href=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/show\/4OShpL0AYLDaOUUfESu6FS\">here<\/a>.<br \/>\n\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<p>The reality is much different: the area around Cachoeira do Aru\u00e3 is a hotspot for the extraction of wood. Today, the settlement is home to around 130 families, with the population having grown since logging companies began to exploit the region.<\/p>\n<p>This dense native forest is punctuated by signs of logging activity. On the banks of the Arapiuns River, we see two clearings before which large rafts are moored, the departure point for huge loads of Amazon logs, especially in the dry season between July and January.<\/p>\n<p>Aru\u00e3 has also become a tourist attraction, with visitors arriving to see the waterfall that gives the area its name. It also attracted headlines in March 2021, when the former Minister for the Environment, Ricardo Salles, was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/CNGYxolAUFN\/\">pictured<\/a> in the region, soon after the Federal Police seized more than 226,000 cubic metres of wood, worth around 129 million reais (US$25 million).<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"instagram-media\" style=\"background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);\" data-instgrm-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/CNGYxolAUFN\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" data-instgrm-version=\"14\" data-darkreader-inline-bgimage=\"\" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor=\"\" data-darkreader-inline-border-top=\"\" data-darkreader-inline-border-right=\"\" data-darkreader-inline-border-bottom=\"\" data-darkreader-inline-border-left=\"\" data-darkreader-inline-boxshadow=\"\">\n<div style=\"padding: 16px;\">\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px; text-align: center;\" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor=\"\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;\" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor=\"\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;\" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor=\"\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 19% 0px; text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0px auto 12px; width: 50px; text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 8px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;\" data-darkreader-inline-color=\"\">View this post on Instagram<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0px; text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center; text-align: center;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);\" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor=\"\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;\" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor=\"\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);\" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor=\"\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;\" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor=\"\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg);\" data-darkreader-inline-border-top=\"\" data-darkreader-inline-border-left=\"\" data-darkreader-inline-border-bottom=\"\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div style=\"width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);\" data-darkreader-inline-border-top=\"\" data-darkreader-inline-border-right=\"\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);\" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor=\"\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);\" data-darkreader-inline-border-top=\"\" data-darkreader-inline-border-left=\"\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;\" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor=\"\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;\" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor=\"\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;\" data-darkreader-inline-color=\"\">\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/www.instagram.com\/embed.js\"><\/script><br \/>\nSalles came to try to mediate the situation between the police and the logging companies, as he claimed at the time. But <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oeco.org.br\/content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/PFAM.pdf\">accusations<\/a> soon arose that the minister himself might be involved in the illegal timber market and that he was trying to interfere in the investigations \u2013 something he denies.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt feels like Cachoeira has become known worldwide,\u201d says resident Elinelma Sampaio. \u201cAs the name says, Cachoeira [meaning \u201cwaterfall\u201d] is an extraordinary place. The waterfall is beautiful, but it is also embarrassing because of the deforestation. Cachoeira is being talked about worldwide, and spoken about badly.\u201d<div class='cdo-shortcode--image'><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_58669\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-58669\" style=\"width: 2000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-58669 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Elinelma-Sampaio_Flavia-Milhorance-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Elinelma Sampaio\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-58669\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elinelma Sampaio, a <em>ribeirinho<\/em> riverside dweller: \u201cCachoeira became known worldwide because of deforestation\u201d (Image: Fl\u00e1via Milhorance \/ Di\u00e1logo Chino)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><\/div>The extraction of wood by loggers is the focus of the third part of Di\u00e1logo Chino\u2019s new podcast series, <a href=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/show\/4OShpL0AYLDaOUUfESu6FS?si=8d0c7cee88734fe8\">Amaz\u00f4nia Ocupada<\/a> (available in Portuguese only). Across five episodes, we examine how a model of exploitation of the Amazon was initially encouraged by Brazil\u2019s military government in the 1970s \u2013 a model that, even today, still drives the advance of the agricultural frontier. We see how a story of colonisation for damaging activities repeats itself in the Amazon forest, beginning with the removal of the most valuable woods and continuing with <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/agriculture\/58442-how-cattle-ranching-became-the-biggest-deforestation-driver-in-the-amazon\/\">cattle ranching<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate-energy\/57158-brazil-amazon-forest-agricultural-export\/\">soybean production<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Today, as in the cases of soy and cattle ranching, there are ways to legally extract timber while keeping the forest standing. There have been regulatory advances to prevent its predatory extraction, with the creation of forest <a href=\"https:\/\/hubdeprojetos.bndes.gov.br\/pt\/setores\/Florestas\">concessions<\/a> in the mid-2000s. There are even companies operating in Cachoeira do Aru\u00e3 through these concessions.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou have a forest area, divide it into 30 parts and exploit one part each year, managing to maintain this cycle,\u201d explains Marco Lentini, project coordinator for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imaflora.org\/\">Imaflora<\/a>, an NGO that promotes sustainable forestry combined with environmental conservation. \u201cThat way, you can maintain this cycle. That forest will always be a forest, capable of maintaining its production level in the long term.\u201d<div class='cdo-shortcode--image'><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_58672\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-58672\" style=\"width: 2000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-58672 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Orillas-rio-Arapiuns_Flavia-Milhorance-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Vegetaci\u00f3n a orillas del r\u00edo Arapiuns\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-58672\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amazon forest along the Arapiuns River, in Par\u00e1 state. It is mostly a well preserved area, but is dotted with logging operations (Image: Fl\u00e1via Milhorance \/ Di\u00e1logo Chino)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><\/div>Regulating the activity along these lines was a way the Brazilian government managed, over the last two decades, to keep huge tracts of public land under control while generating income for local communities. Under this concession regime, businessmen need to monitor their areas, which are periodically inspected by environmental agencies.<\/p>\n<p>Rubens Zilio, director of logging company Patau\u00e1 Florestal, is an example of this colonisation of the Amazon, much of which advanced between the states of Mato Grosso and Par\u00e1 along the BR-163 highway. He began his logging operations in <a href=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/episode\/7Kr6Poerh5PuIE4Arwvd7R?si=b2bae138fa924cb2\">Sinop<\/a>, a region at the transition of the Amazon and Cerrado biomes, but migrated in the 1980s towards the north in search of \u201cnew horizons\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI came to get what I didn\u2019t have there, what was running out in the region, as it was becoming an agricultural area. There was no more wood,\u201d explains Zilio. Today, Patau\u00e1 Florestal has two 40-year concessions that cover an area of 362,000 hectares in the Altamira National Forest of Par\u00e1. \u201cI came here to find an area where I can work for the rest of my life\u201d, he says.<div class='cdo-shortcode--image'><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_58678\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-58678\" style=\"width: 2000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-58678 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Vista-aerea-extraccion-madera-rio-Arapiun_Flavia-Milhorance-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"vista a\u00e9rea de la extracci\u00f3n de madera\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-58678\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aerial view of a forestry concession on the Arapiuns River. Standards and regulation have advanced, but the illegal market is still strong (Image: Fl\u00e1via Milhorance \/ Di\u00e1logo Chino)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><\/div>Lentini believes that with this form of forest management at least 25 million hectares would be needed to supply, in a more sustainable way, the demand for Amazon timber. \u201cThat\u2019s basically 5% of the area of the Amazon. In addition to making life much better for traditional communities, it would allow us to definitively eliminate this problem of illegal wood supply,\u201d the specialist says.<\/p>\n<p>Despite important advances in the regulation of the timber sector, and examples of successful forestry concessions, Imaflora estimates that only 10% of the timber supply in the Amazon comes from proven regular sources. The extraction of illegal timber continues to be a lucrative business, even <a href=\"https:\/\/piaui.folha.uol.com.br\/materia\/a-conexao-2\/\">attracting criminal groups<\/a> to the activity.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_58554\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-58554\" style=\"width: 350px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/agriculture\/58442-how-cattle-ranching-became-the-biggest-deforestation-driver-in-the-amazon\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-58554\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Amazonia-ocupada-cap-2-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"175\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-58554\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Episode two: <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/agriculture\/58442-how-cattle-ranching-became-the-biggest-deforestation-driver-in-the-amazon\/\">How cattle ranching became the biggest deforestation driver in the Amazon<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In recent years there have been several actions by the police, environmental agencies and the public prosecutor\u2019s office against illegal logging in Cachoeira do Aru\u00e3. In the case of the shipment seized last year, the Federal Police found evidence of an attempt to \u201claunder\u201d the wood. This occurs when legal cargo is mixed with irregularly obtained materials \u2013 a mechanism similar to the laundering of cattle, as seen in the <a href=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/episode\/76vHj9XTlgJ0OpsAs42maq?si=4c630948abc54e52\">previous episode<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Today, only 16% to 25% of Amazon wood is exported, mainly to Europe and the United States, according to Imaflora\u2019s estimate. The rest remains in the domestic market, which is more concerned with price and quality, than with the product\u2019s origin. However, this mindset is starting to change among companies that source wood.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe were surprised to discover that around 40% of the companies that buy wood on the domestic market already do some kind of mapping of their supply chains,\u201d explains Lentini, discussing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imaflora.org\/biblioteca?page=1&amp;pesquisa=acertando+o+alvo&amp;categorias%5B%5D=publicacao\">recent survey<\/a> carried out by the organisation.<\/p>\n<p><em>Episode three of Amaz\u00f4nia Ocupada is now available, in Portuguese only, on <a href=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/show\/4OShpL0AYLDaOUUfESu6FS\">Spotify<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/us\/podcast\/amaz%C3%B4nia-ocupada\/id1645133461\">Apple<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/music.amazon.com.br\/podcasts\/ee93d912-6195-4312-8ece-46d2f2fa456e\">Amazon<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/deezer.page.link\/iX6hK3fMyK1NZxDx5\">Deezer<\/a>. The fourth episode and accompanying English article will be released on Monday 26 September.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the third part of our Amazon series, we visit Cachoeira do Aru\u00e3, the site of a conflict that led to the fall of a former environment minister accused of involvement in the illegal logging trade<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":50058689,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[50039902],"tags":[506,531,50029826],"country":[50000021],"class_list":["post-50058703","podcast","type-podcast","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests","tag-amazon","tag-deforestation","tag-timber","country-brazil"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Logging in the Amazon: laws advance, but only 10% of extraction is legal<\/title>\n<meta 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