{"id":20006818,"date":"2013-10-21T15:45:47","date_gmt":"2013-10-21T10:15:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?p=6818"},"modified":"2021-01-24T23:59:43","modified_gmt":"2021-01-24T18:29:43","slug":"tibetan-wine-boom-threatens-food-security","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/food\/tibetan-wine-boom-threatens-food-security\/","title":{"rendered":"Tibetan wine boom harms food security"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Although the name \u2018Tibet\u2019 has many associations for people, the production of wine is probably not high among them. But over the past decade a significant wine industry has developed in Tibetan villages along the upper Lancang (Mekong) and Jinsha (Yangtze) rivers, which is having a profound impact on local culture and agriculture.<\/p>\n<p>Over the past ten years, the government has encouraged villagers across the region\u2019s warm and dry river valleys to grow grapes. They gave farmers seedlings and concrete trellises, taught them about cultivation and put them in touch with buyers from the newly established Shangri-La Red Wine Company. In several areas fields have been transformed into grape monocrops. The majority of the communities sell these grapes but have no knowledge of wine making.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13916\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13916\" style=\"width: 1800px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13916 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/Image-6-e1601050361737.jpg\" alt=\"Conducting an interview with an 85 year old Cizhong villager who had a relationship with the French Catholics during the 1930\u2019s and was trained by them in wine making techniques. (photo by Sun Fei) \" width=\"1800\" height=\"1350\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13916\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Conducting an interview with an 85 year old Cizhong villager who had a relationship with the French Catholics during the 1930\u2019s and was trained by them in wine making techniques. (photo by Sun Fei)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Wine production has a long, if mostly limited, history in the region. In the late 1800s, French Catholic missionaries established a strong presence in the neighbouring Nu (Salween) river valley and set up churches along the Lancang River as well.&nbsp; When they arrived at the southernmost Tibetan village of Cizhong they planted seedlings and made wine. Cizhong has grown the grapes continuously since then. The grapes are a varietal called Rose Honey. They used to be grown in France but were wiped out by a blight and thought to be extinct \u2013 yet were preserved within the church walls at Cizhong.<\/p>\n<p>Yet the Rose Honey strain is grown by few villagers \u2013 the Shangri-La Red Wine Company will only buy a new variety of Cabernet Sauvignon grape which it introduced to the area.&nbsp; Unlike the Rose Honey grapes, the new variety requires significant chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which has become a major concern among villagers. One sign of this is that villagers are growing reluctant to intercrop vegetables among grape vines.<\/p>\n<p>Food security is also now an issue. Tibetans living along the Lancang have traditionally grown wheat and barley for themselves and corn for their livestock. Some villages now grow little to no grain having completely shifted to grapes. People have to rely on the profits from grapes to buy enough food, fertilisers and pesticides. It has also led to major changes in diets, as people who traditionally subsisted on wheat and barley are now buying rice.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13913\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13913\" style=\"width: 430px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13913\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/1.jpg\" alt=\"French Catholics introduced vineyards to the Tibetan village of Cizhong in the 1930s\" width=\"430\" height=\"265\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13913\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">French Catholics introduced vineyards to the Tibetan village of Cizhong in the 1930s<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>People who used to be known for herding&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dzo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dzos<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 or cows crossed with&nbsp;yaks&nbsp;\u2014 are limiting the number of livestock they keep so they can use farming land for vineyards rather than growing grains for animal feed. As a result products such as milk and butter are becoming scarce.<\/p>\n<p>Every year villagers become very anxious about selling the grapes when they first ripen for harvest otherwise the grapes rot and shrivel on the vines. But every year, despite government assurances, the company buyers arrive late and so securing the maximum price from grapes is a constant struggle for villagers.<\/p>\n<p>Villagers recognise the vulnerabilities involved in switching their crops to grapes, but still chose to because of the high profits. \u201cIf you plant grapes your income will increase, but you also have to spend more money to buy food,\u201d said one villager.<\/p>\n<p><i>Brendan A. Galipeau is studying for a PhD in anthropology at the University of Hawai\u02bbi&nbsp;<\/i><!--more--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Although the name \u2018Tibet\u2019 has many associations for people, the production of wine is probably not high among them. But over the past decade a significant wine industry has developed in Tibetan villages along the upper Lancang (Mekong) and Jinsha (Yangtze) rivers, which is having a profound impact on local culture and agriculture. Over the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20000047,"featured_media":20013915,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[763],"tags":[50029567,546],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000110,50040730],"class_list":["post-20006818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-food","tag-agroforestry","tag-food-security","country-china","country-france"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Tibetan wine boom harms food security | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/food\/tibetan-wine-boom-threatens-food-security\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tibetan wine boom harms food security\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/food\/tibetan-wine-boom-threatens-food-security\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dialogue Earth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-10-21T10:15:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-01-24T18:29:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/Image-4.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1370\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"2048\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Brendan A. 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