{"id":20007955,"date":"2014-04-23T16:53:39","date_gmt":"2014-04-23T11:23:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?p=7955"},"modified":"2021-05-19T17:02:58","modified_gmt":"2021-05-19T11:32:58","slug":"pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/","title":{"rendered":"Pakistan\u2019s farmers counter climate change with beekeeping"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.5em\">Beekeeping is helping farmers in Pakistan cope with crop failures as a result of erratic weather patterns and irregular rainfall<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7956\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7956\" style=\"width: 430px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/IMG_1664-430.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-7956\" alt=\"IMG_1664 (430\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/IMG_1664-430.jpg\" width=\"430\" height=\"286\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7956\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hakim Khan takes out beehives to inspect them in Ghool village, Chakwal district.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Battered by erratic weather patterns with decreasing and delayed rainfall, thousands of farmers in Pakistan\u2019s northeast <a href=\"http:\/\/www.tourism.gov.pk\/photohar_plateau_isb_destinations.htm\">Potohar plateau<\/a> are moving to beekeeping as an alternative source of livelihood that is less vulnerable to climate change.<\/p>\n<p>A single flood, no or deficient rain in one cropping season, or lack of water in the river system due to delayed glacial melt can ruin farmers\u2019 livelihoods. \u201cHowever, training farmers in alternative climate-resilient livelihoods like beekeeping can go a long way in making farming communities resilient to climate change impacts,\u201d said Dr. Zafar Iqbal, former chairperson of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ndma.gov.pk\/\">National Disaster Management Authority<\/a>, in Pakistan\u2019s capital Islamabad.<\/p>\n<p>The fact that many farmers find beekeeping a more profitable alternative and therefore reduce farming or completely shun it has its own impact on food security. But it helped many households survive in Potohar \u2013 a sprawling region between the Indus and the Jhelum rivers and stretching up to the foothills of the Himalayas. Around 70% of rain in the region is received between July and August.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBecause of erratic weather patterns and unreliable crop harvests, our income had become irregular and was declining. But the beehives give us regular income,\u201d said Hakim Khan, a beekeeper in Ghool village of Chakwal district, about 90 kilometres southeast of Islamabad.<\/p>\n<p>The district &#8212; one of the four in Potohar along with Attock, Rawalpindi and Jhelum \u2013 is known for its exportable quality of groundnuts and stretches over 6,500 square kilometres of semi-arid terrain. It has a population of nearly 1.5 million and relies entirely on the rains for cultivation of crops.<\/p>\n<p>It was known as an area for abundant rain. However, the situation has changed over the years. Until 1998, it would receive around 1,200 millometres rainfall annually. This has come down to less than 900 millometres, according to the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pmd.gov.pk\/\">Pakistan Meteorological Department<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Groundnut and wheat farmer Jehan Khan in Ghool village is one of those who have suffered. His groundnut output came down 60% and the wheat crop dipped by 30% last year. \u201cLast year, per acre yield of the groundnut crop was less than 200 kilogrammes. There was 70% less rain during the sowing season March-April,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7957\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7957\" style=\"width: 430px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/IMG_123-430x.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7957 \" alt=\"IMG_123 (430x\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/IMG_123-430x.jpg\" width=\"430\" height=\"242\"><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7957\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Groundnut farmer Jehan Khan dries his produce in the courtyard of his home in Ghool village.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u201cA target of 70,000 acres was set for last year\u2019s groundnut sowing season. But hardly 50% of the target could be achieved in August because of the short rain spell,\u201d Mohammad Khalid, Chakwal district agriculture officer, told thethirpole.net.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFor wheat, rains were needed in November and December last year. But it rained in late December, that too in patches,\u201d he said, adding that the wheat crop was likely to be 30% less this year.<\/p>\n<p>In this scenario, beekeeping has been a saviour for many families in the area. Hakim Khan from Ghool, for instance, survived the poor harvest by taking to beekeeping. He also continues to grow groundnut.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe additional income from beekeeping has helped me survive crop losses. &nbsp;I adopted beekeeping three years ago to cover up income losses from the groundnut crop,\u201d Khan said while examining the wooden bee boxes on a plot adjacent to his groundnut field.<\/p>\n<p>He was amongst the lucky ones trained in beekeeping &#8212; producing honey, hives and wax &#8212; by the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ppaf.org.pk\/\">Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund (PPAF)<\/a> under the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/media\/set\/?set=a.244240802254913.72870.242670735745253&amp;type=3\">Drought Mitigation and Preparedness Project<\/a>. Farmers in various villages of Chakwal district have also been provided with financial aid.<\/p>\n<p>In a ripple effect, Khan has taught other farmers about beekeeping and its benefits. \u201cI learnt about the economic benefits of less labour and investment (in beekeeping)\u2026 &nbsp;&nbsp;Now, more and more farmers are approaching to me to learn about beekeeping,\u201d he told thethirdpole.net.<\/p>\n<p>Citing an example, he said a groundnut farmer-turned-beekeeper who purchased 10 wooden boxes of hives for Pakistani Rs.34,000 (about US$347) three years ago now has 90 boxes worth Pakistani Rs.1,020,000 (about US$10,400).<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAlternative livelihood plans like beekeeping can definitely help farming communities adapt to shifting weather patterns and mitigate the negative impacts on their socio-economic lives,\u201d said Raja Munir Hussain Janjua, regional programme officer at the <a href=\"http:\/\/nrsp.org.pk\/\">National Rural Support Programme<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The list of alternatives, he added, included animal husbandry and cattle rearing as well as skills such as mobile phone repairing. Plans are also afoot for training people for trades such as tailoring and embroidery and then to help provide market access for their products.<\/p>\n<p>The effort, Zafar Pervez Sabri, senior climate change mitigation and adaptation expert at PPAF, told thethirdpole.net, was also to ensure that farmers continue growing crops even if income drops due to drought.<\/p>\n<p>This would help avoid food insecurity issues, he said.<\/p>\n<p>About 1,150 farmers in Chakwal had been trained in beekeeping, many of whom had already shown visible improvement in lifestyle.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHaving seen tangible socio-economic impacts on the lives of farming communities in drought-prone Chakwal district, we have planned to expand these alternative livelihood plans to different parts of Pakistan, particularly Bhawalpur and Tharparkar districts. Crop failures are common phenomena in these rain-fed areas too,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p><b>Bee numbers dwindle with climate change<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Agronomist and former member of Pakistan Prime Minister\u2019s Task Force on Climate Change Pervaiz Amir said completely abandoning farming and shifting to beekeeping was not a good idea and not viable either.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAfter all, bees need also crops to pollinate and make beeswax\u2026 &nbsp;bees need crops, flowers, trees and fruits for collecting pollen to make beeswax,\u201d Amir said. \u201cWe should, however, combine beekeeping with diversified crop production.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/IMG_1672-430.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-7960\" alt=\"IMG_1672 (430\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/IMG_1672-430.jpg\" width=\"430\" height=\"286\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Under its Honeybee Programme, the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.parc.gov.pk\/index.php\/en\/hb\">Honeybee Research Institute (HBRI)<\/a> of the Pakistan Agriculture Research Council in Islamabad has so far introduced bee farming all across Pakistan and trained as many as 9,000 people, including women, in the beekeeping business.<\/p>\n<p>Of the 100 crop species that provide 90% of the world&#8217;s food, over 70 are pollinated by bees, according to the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.unep.org\/Documents.Multilingual\/Default.asp?DocumentID=2656&amp;ArticleID=8897&amp;l=en\">UNEP study<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The business of bees &#8212; essential to pollinate crops, fruits and vegetables such as cotton, sunflower, carrot, cabbage and apple &#8212; itself is under threat. According to HBRI senior scientific officer Ghulam Sarwar, though there is no indication that bees are declining in the country, there is the possibility that bee colonies are in danger from global warming.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSome species of bees could face extinction while their declining numbers could harm the harvest of crops such as apples,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>According to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/\">Inter-Government Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)<\/a> reports, climate change, after land-use changes, could be deemed the second most relevant factor responsible for the pollinators\u2019 decline.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cClimate change is a juggernaut and we are not going to be able to slow it down in the next 10 or 20 years, so we need to do something much more quickly: providing good quality habitats for bees and trying to reduce other pressures on them such as habitat loss and the impact of pesticides,\u201d Amir said.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Beekeeping is helping farmers in Pakistan cope with crop failures as a result of erratic weather patterns and irregular rainfall<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20000214,"featured_media":20007956,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[761,763],"tags":[17827,50040317,546,50040749],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000112],"class_list":["post-20007955","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","category-food","tag-climate-adaptation","tag-farming","tag-food-security","tag-livelihoods","country-pakistan"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pakistan\u2019s farmers counter climate change with beekeeping | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Beekeeping is helping farmers in Pakistan cope with crop failures as a result of erratic weather patterns and irregular rainfall\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pakistan\u2019s farmers counter climate change with beekeeping\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Beekeeping is helping farmers in Pakistan cope with crop failures as a result of erratic weather patterns and irregular rainfall\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dialogue Earth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-04-23T11:23:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-05-19T11:32:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Dialogue-Earth-logo_Thumbnail.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"675\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Saleem Sheikh\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Saleem Sheikh\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/b14131099d7389320fc5ed1c29fb347e\"},\"headline\":\"Pakistan\u2019s farmers counter climate change with beekeeping\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-04-23T11:23:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-05-19T11:32:58+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/\"},\"wordCount\":1177,\"commentCount\":4,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"keywords\":[\"Climate adaptation\",\"Farming\",\"Food security\",\"Livelihoods\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Climate\",\"Food\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/\",\"name\":\"Pakistan\u2019s farmers counter climate change with beekeeping | Dialogue Earth\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-04-23T11:23:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-05-19T11:32:58+00:00\",\"description\":\"Beekeeping is helping farmers in Pakistan cope with crop failures as a result of erratic weather patterns and irregular rainfall\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"\",\"contentUrl\":\"\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Pakistan\u2019s farmers counter climate change with beekeeping\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/\",\"name\":\"Dialogue Earth\",\"description\":\"Global climate and environment news\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5730\u7403\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Dialogue-Earth-Symbol-Logo_Black-Text.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Dialogue-Earth-Symbol-Logo_Black-Text.png\",\"width\":256,\"height\":256,\"caption\":\"\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5730\u7403\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/DialogueEarth_\",\"\",\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DialogueEarth.English\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/dialogue.earth\/\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/dialogueearth\/\"],\"publishingPrinciples\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/about\/\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/b14131099d7389320fc5ed1c29fb347e\",\"name\":\"Saleem Sheikh\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/author\/salem-shek\/\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/author\/salem-shek\/\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Pakistan\u2019s farmers counter climate change with beekeeping | Dialogue Earth","description":"Beekeeping is helping farmers in Pakistan cope with crop failures as a result of erratic weather patterns and irregular rainfall","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Pakistan\u2019s farmers counter climate change with beekeeping","og_description":"Beekeeping is helping farmers in Pakistan cope with crop failures as a result of erratic weather patterns and irregular rainfall","og_url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/","og_site_name":"Dialogue Earth","article_published_time":"2014-04-23T11:23:39+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-05-19T11:32:58+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":675,"url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Dialogue-Earth-logo_Thumbnail.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Saleem Sheikh","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/"},"author":{"name":"Saleem Sheikh","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/b14131099d7389320fc5ed1c29fb347e"},"headline":"Pakistan\u2019s farmers counter climate change with beekeeping","datePublished":"2014-04-23T11:23:39+00:00","dateModified":"2021-05-19T11:32:58+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/"},"wordCount":1177,"commentCount":4,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"","keywords":["Climate adaptation","Farming","Food security","Livelihoods"],"articleSection":["Climate","Food"],"inLanguage":"en","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/","url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/","name":"Pakistan\u2019s farmers counter climate change with beekeeping | Dialogue Earth","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"","datePublished":"2014-04-23T11:23:39+00:00","dateModified":"2021-05-19T11:32:58+00:00","description":"Beekeeping is helping farmers in Pakistan cope with crop failures as a result of erratic weather patterns and irregular rainfall","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#primaryimage","url":"","contentUrl":""},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/pakistans-farmers-counter-climate-change-with-beekeeping\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Pakistan\u2019s farmers counter climate change with beekeeping"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/","name":"Dialogue Earth","description":"Global climate and environment news","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#organization","name":"\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5730\u7403","url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Dialogue-Earth-Symbol-Logo_Black-Text.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Dialogue-Earth-Symbol-Logo_Black-Text.png","width":256,"height":256,"caption":"\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5730\u7403"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/twitter.com\/DialogueEarth_","","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DialogueEarth.English","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/dialogue.earth\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/dialogueearth\/"],"publishingPrinciples":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/about\/"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/b14131099d7389320fc5ed1c29fb347e","name":"Saleem Sheikh","url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/author\/salem-shek\/","sameAs":["https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/author\/salem-shek\/"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20007955","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20000214"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20007955"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20007955\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20007955"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20007955"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20007955"},{"taxonomy":"hashtags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hashtags?post=20007955"},{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country?post=20007955"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}