{"id":20009426,"date":"2014-11-26T12:17:39","date_gmt":"2014-11-26T06:47:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?p=9426"},"modified":"2020-12-10T22:10:31","modified_gmt":"2020-12-10T16:40:31","slug":"pakistans-energy-crisis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/energy\/pakistans-energy-crisis\/","title":{"rendered":"Chinese investment won\u2019t resolve Pakistan\u2019s energy crisis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The Chinese government and its private companies will invest in over 16,000 megawatts of power projects in Pakistan over the next few years to ease the country\u2019s burgeoning energy crisis, federal minister for planning and development Chaudhry Ahsan Iqbal told\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/\">thethirdpole.net<\/a> in an exclusive interview before he accompanied prime minister Nawaz Sharif on his recent trip to China.<\/p>\n<p>During the visit, the two <a href=\"http:\/\/tribune.com.pk\/story\/788009\/investment-feast-pm-bags-19-china-deals\/\">countries signed US$ 42 billion<\/a> worth of deals including a number of coal-fired power stations, as well as hydropower, wind and solar projects.<\/p>\n<p>However, some experts believe the new initiatives will be counterproductive, unless problems of huge losses along power transmission lines, mismanagement and poor governance in the power sector are addressed. Power companies also need to collect revenue from unpaid electricity bills, with the government representing the largest defaulter.<\/p>\n<p>Pakistan&#8217;s energy crisis is the number one constraint on future economic development, said the planning and development minister, who is responsible for the construction of power projects. According to conservative figures, the country\u2019s total power demand is 18,000 megawatts, well above the 12,000-13,000 megawatts of available power.<\/p>\n<p>The first major challenge is the shortage of supply, Ahsan said. Second, the current transmission system is not capable of transmitting more than 15,000 megawatts of electricity. And third, the breakdown of governance in this sector is causing huge power losses.<\/p>\n<p>Pakistan sees the latest round of Chinese investments as key to its efforts to solve power shortages that have crippled its\u00a0economy. Power cuts in some areas have sparked violent protests and damaged an economy already struggling with high unemployment, poverty and insurgent violence. It was the biggest issue during the last elections in Pakistan, and the current Nawaz Sharif government was voted into office largely on the promise of solving the crippling power shortage crisis.<\/p>\n<p>The two countries recently signed an agreement to develop the <a href=\"http:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2014\/02\/china-pakistan-flesh-out-new-economic-corridor\/\">China-Pakistan Economic Corridor<\/a>, which will add 10,400 megawatts of energy projects in the short to medium term. In the long run, a total of 16,000 megawatts of energy will be added to Pakistan\u2019s system in the coming years with Chinese help, Ahsan said.<\/p>\n<p>The government will also speed up ongoing energy projects, he added. For example, the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailytimes.com.pk\/business\/13-Feb-2014\/adb-provides-900m-for-jamshoro-coal-fired-power-project\">Jamshoro coal powered plant<\/a> in Sindh province is being built with the help of the Asian Development Bank. The construction of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant is scheduled to be completed in February 2015 to supply gas to power stations in Punjab province.<\/p>\n<p>Besides this, the government is aggressively exploring <a href=\"http:\/\/tribune.com.pk\/story\/751990\/samples-sent-us-to-assess-potential-of-pakistans-shale-gas-reserves\/\">potential shale gas<\/a> resources, as studies have shown that there are rich reserves in Pakistan.<\/p>\n<p>Minister Iqbal confirmed coal power projects under construction will be completed within three and half years, along with the 969 megawatt Neelum Jhelum hydropower project on the Nelum River in Pakistan controlled Kashmir, and new turbines to boost <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/2014\/09\/16\/pakistan-floods-trigger-fresh-dam-debate\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">capacity of the Tarbela dam<\/a>. \u00a0\u201cAll these new and ongoing projects will come on line in five years so we are hopeful that by 2018 we should be able to bridge the supply gap,\u201d he said. The Neelum is a tributary of the Jhelum, which, in tun, joins the Indus further downstream.<\/p>\n<h2>Power sector in disarray<\/h2>\n<p>However, experts question the route proposed to solve Pakistan&#8217;s energy crisis. The problem is poor governance rather than a shortage of energy, argued Daanish Mustafa, professor of geography at King&#8217;s College London, who has written extensively on Pakistan\u2019s energy and water policies. \u201cIn fact, the country has 22,000 megawatts of installed capacity, well above the peak demand of 18 000 megawatts,\u201d he claimed. \u201cThey don\u2019t use it usually because no one pays their energy bills and the government is the largest defaulter.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Pervaiz Amir, director of the Pakistan Water Partnership and former advisor to the prime minister agreed. \u201cThe government has to overcome its own weakness first by plugging the huge losses through power transmission lines and overcoming corruption and mismanagement,\u201d Amir said. \u201cAround 40% of Pakistan\u2019s total installed capacity is wasted due to corruption, power theft, line losses and default on payments.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe recent energy deals with China seem to be for short term political mileage as most of the projects are coal based and not hydropower projects to generate cheap and clean power,\u201d said Amir.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLong term investment in hydro power is the only solution for overcoming the country\u2019s power crisis,\u201d he held, pointing out that Pakistan has the capacity to generate 60,000 megawatts from hydropower alone.<\/p>\n<p>The minister defended his government\u2019s policy to exploit the country\u2019s rich coal resources, despite concerns about the environment and health implications. \u201cPakistan has been blessed with one of the richest coal reserves in the world. Thar area is an untapped goldmine of coal,\u201d Iqbal said. \u201cWe have the most modern technology so that the environmental standards are not compromised through coal power generation.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>Water challenges<\/h2>\n<p>Securing enough water is another major challenge for Pakistan in the face of climate change, with droughts and floods now occurring every year. \u201cIf we fail to plan effectively today Pakistan is likely to face a worse water crisis in the coming 15 to 20 years,\u201d Iqbal said.<\/p>\n<p>The government has revived the <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/2013\/06\/18\/will-nawaz-sharif-face-up-to-pakistans-dismal-water-crisis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Diamer-Basha dam project<\/a>, to provide water storage through a large reservoir and generate 4,500 megawatts of hydropower.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe need as many as water reservoirs as we can to store each and every drop of our water which flows through our land to not let half of our country turn into drought condition,\u201d the minister said.<\/p>\n<p>There have been major questions raised over the future of the Diamer-Basha dam since <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newspakistan.pk\/2014\/10\/22\/india-pakistan-diamer-bhasha-dam-project\/\">India has asked the US<\/a> not to fund the project planned in a disputed region of Gilgit Baltistan. The minister said international investors had showed serious interest during a recent investment road show in Washington.\u00a0\u201cWe will move forward with the construction of this project regardless,\u201d Iqbal said. \u201cIf needs be we can also\u00a0float investment bonds for overseas Pakistanis to generate funds for this crucial dam.\u201d He also hopes the Asian Development Bank or China\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/en\/7293-China-s-non-interventionist-aid-stance-on-the-way-out\">new infrastructure bank<\/a> may provide funds for the dam.<\/p>\n<p>Iqbal maintained mega power projects, including those in the Himalayan region, are only given the green light once detailed environmental impact assessments have been carried out. \u201cWe are very mindful of the environmental sensitivities, which will be taken into consideration and we will comply with them fully.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>China\u2019s investment in over 16,000 megawatts of power projects will ease Pakistan\u2019s energy crisis, claims senior minister, but experts warn problems of corruption and gross mismanagement remain<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20000191,"featured_media":20014464,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[761,757],"tags":[520,17073,554,20000054,50040707],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000110,20000112],"class_list":["post-20009426","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","category-energy","tag-coal","tag-energy-transition","tag-hydropower","tag-indus","tag-the-third-pole","country-china","country-pakistan"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Chinese investment won\u2019t resolve 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