{"id":20010139,"date":"2015-04-06T01:58:35","date_gmt":"2015-04-05T20:28:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?p=10139"},"modified":"2020-11-09T17:20:23","modified_gmt":"2020-11-09T11:50:23","slug":"make-a-channel-hold-the-rain-save-kashmir-from-floods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/make-a-channel-hold-the-rain-save-kashmir-from-floods\/","title":{"rendered":"Make a channel, hold the rain, save Kashmir from floods"},"content":{"rendered":"

One of the significant measures needed to avoid Kashmir\u2019s recurring flood problems is delaying the water flow peak from river Jhelum\u2019s four major tributaries by constructing flood storage basins in the catchment of Jhelum in south Kashmir and a comprehensive afforestation programme.<\/p>\n

It has been suggested by flood Experts in Kashmir adding that such a floodwater storage project would be in line with the provisions of Indus Water Treaty (IWT)<\/a> between India and Pakistan.<\/p>\n

Following the devastating floods last September and the threat of another serious flood in late March, these experts want the Jammu and Kashmir government to immediately come up with feasibility studies for these flood storage basins and the already proposed project of building an 82-km long additional flood spill channel with a capacity of carrying 60,000 cusec (cubic feet per second) of water.<\/p>\n

\u201cOne of the very basic flood-control measures will be the storage of flood water in large reservoirs in the catchment area only to release it when the flood threat subsides,\u201d Zahoor Ahmad Chatt, a former chief engineer in the flood control department, told thethirdpole.net<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Chatt said that this would not violate the Indus Water Treaty since it has a provision for storing flood water of tributaries of the main river (Jhelum), if it is released back into the river immediately after the flood threat is over.<\/p>\n

He said creation of storage basins is significant as the main tributaries of the Jhelum \u2013 Lidder, Romshi , Veshu and Rembiara \u2013 join the Jhelum in south Kashmir at almost the same place. \u201cThese tributaries share the same catchment and the peaks from all three reach at the same time thereby creating a flood situation whenever incessant rains occur.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cSo, regulating or delaying these peaks with the help of small reservoirs and allowing them to pass as per the capacity is the very basic flood control option available to us. It would be like regulating the traffic at a busy junction.\u201d<\/p>\n

He said that a comprehensive afforestation programme will also contribute significantly to a flood control programme. One of the fundamental principles in water management, Chatt said, is \u201carrest the water where it falls; make the running water walk and the walking water sleep.\u201d He said that this can be achieved by a scientifically designed afforestation programme in Jhelum\u2019s catchment.<\/p>\n

\u201cAfforestation will not only help in flood control, but will also arrest soil erosion which has been a huge cause of rapid siltation of our water bodies,\u201d Chatt said.<\/p>\n

\"As<\/a>
As the threat of floods loomed around March-end, special meals were prepared to feed displaced people in various parts of Kashmir (Image: Athar Parvaiz)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Another former chief engineer of the flood control department, Syed Raza Shah Madani, also highlighted the need to create storage basins. \u201cThis is the ideal way of controlling floods. It works like a parking-slot for de-congesting the roads,\u201d he said, adding it will not mean a breach of IWT given the provisions laid down by the treaty and the fact that there were flood basins and ponds along the Jhelum earlier. These have now been encroached upon.<\/p>\n

\u201cAlmost the entire area on the left bank of Jhelum in Srinagar and most of the residential areas in up-town Srinagar used to be the flood basins in recent past,\u201d Madani said. He suggested that massive catchment area treatment, following proper feasibility studies, should be carried out by creating ponds and mini lakes wherever possible in the catchment area.<\/p>\n

Shakil Ahmad Romshoo, who heads the Earth Sciences department in Kashmir University, observed that strengthening flood control infrastructure in the watershed to delay the flood peak of these four high-gradient tributaries to the Jhelum in south Kashmir is crucial for any fool-proof flood control programme.<\/p>\n

Making way for water<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kashmir\u2019s flood control department officials say that they have started taking measures which include increasing the carrying capacity of the flood spill channel (FSC) and the Jhelum.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe project for increasing the carrying capacity of Jhelum and FSC is part of the comprehensive flood control project for which we have got some interim funding and are expecting more in a few weeks from the central government,\u201d said Kashmir\u2019s Chief Engineer for Flood Control Javid Jaffer. \u201cApproval for the entire project is pending till we submit the feasibility study of the additional flood channel.\u201d<\/p>\n

The project, which will enhance the carrying capacity of flood channels to 120,000 cusec, is estimated to cost Rs 21,083 crore ($3.4 billion). Of that, Rs 2,083 crore is for increasing the capacity of existing flood-control infrastructure and Rs 18,000 crore for creating the 82 km long supplementary flood control channel from Dogripora to the famous Wullar Lake, with a carrying capacity of 60,000 cusec.<\/p>\n

As per a preliminary study, Rs 13,500 crore will go into compensating for over 2,200 acres of land and 2,400 structures including households and shops to build the additional FSC.<\/p>\n

Independent experts agree that an alternate flood channel is mandatory, but want a detailed feasibility report. Madani says socio-economic aspects like dislocation of people and acquisition of agricultural land will have to be studied meticulously.<\/p>\n

Romshoo is worried about the gradient issues. \u201cThe topography is such that we just have a 4-5 metre downhill angle available for this FSC. This means the water will not have a quick flow,\u201d he pointed out.<\/p>\n

The last flood control programme in Kashmir took place in the early 1900s with the construction of the 17,000-cusec capacity Srinagar-Wullar FSC and the dredging of the Jhelum.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The threat of another serious flood in Kashmir dissipated last week, but anxiety about the Himalayan region\u2019s vulnerability to floods lives on. Experts discuss a feasible flood control programme<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20000038,"featured_media":20014617,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[761],"tags":[17827,20000192,20000022,50040707],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000111],"class_list":["post-20010139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","tag-climate-adaptation","tag-disasters","tag-himalayas","tag-the-third-pole","country-india"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMake a channel, hold the rain, save Kashmir from floods | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The threat of another serious flood in Kashmir dissipated last week, but anxiety about the Himalayan region\u2019s vulnerability to floods lives on. 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