{"id":20011204,"date":"2015-08-28T13:06:55","date_gmt":"2015-08-28T07:36:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?p=11204"},"modified":"2021-01-08T04:24:17","modified_gmt":"2021-01-07T22:54:17","slug":"waterways-choked-karachi-on-brink-of-floods-with-each-rain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/water\/waterways-choked-karachi-on-brink-of-floods-with-each-rain\/","title":{"rendered":"Waterways choked, Karachi on brink of floods with each rain"},"content":{"rendered":"

In July this year, Pakistan\u2019s teeming port city Karachi braced itself<\/a> for disaster after the meteorological department forecast 50-60 mm of rain in a day. With the knowledge that even 20 mm could bring the city of 23 million people to a standstill, officials prepared themselves for a never-seen-before deluge.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt was the first warning of its kind. The 2013 urban flooding<\/a> taught us that we must be prepared this time,\u201d said Ajay Kumar, assistant director operations, Provincial Disaster Management Authority<\/a> (PDMA), in Sindh.<\/p>\n

Fortunately, the rains of the 2015 monsoon were less than expected and did not result in casualties and destruction of property and infrastructure as in 2013 when scores were killed in flash floods that paralysed one of the world\u2019s most populated cities.<\/p>\n

The crisis was averted this time but it could return with the next heavy rain, fear residents.<\/p>\n

In 2013, Kumar recalled, storm-water drains (nallahs) in the country\u2019s commercial capital had overflown following torrential rain, inundating areas like Saadi Town, Gadap Town and Amroha.<\/p>\n

While rains are a blessing in other, better-planned cities like the capital Islamabad, in Karachi the story is different. The nuisance value overshadows the joy, owing to overflowing gutters and clogged natural ravines.<\/p>\n

\u201cAn estimated 60% of Karachi\u2019s population lives in informal settlements, with no access to sewers. People dump sewage into ravines that were for clean water, not for waste,\u201d explained Roland\u00a0de Souza, executive member of the group Shehri \u2013 Citizens For A Better Environment<\/a>. \u201cSo when it rains in Karachi, it overflows.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cIt did not rain as much but at least the warning helped expedite the cleaning of the nallahs by Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC),\u201d added Kumar.<\/p>\n

But that\u2019s not really helpful, said architect and urban planner Arif Hasan. While it is a good idea to clean the drains, \u201cit will not really help (check) the flooding if the drain water does not have a passage to go into the sea. Whenever the tide is high, the problem will return.\u201d<\/p>\n

Major road and housing projects have been built in Karachi, causing enormous damage to the environment. Mismanaged construction, pollution and encroachments have blocked Karachi\u2019s water passages.<\/p>\n

What will happen to a city of Karachi\u2019s size and its choked up drainage system if there are torrential rains? The question remains unanswered.<\/p>\n

In Karachi, human greed is destroying life, says ecologist Rafiul Haq. \u201cWe have built buildings on water bodies, started using strong detergents excessively and non-biodegradable plastic bags. All this clogs our drains.\u201d<\/p>\n

The vein-like network of Karachi\u2019s natural ravines and manmade nallahs as well as the sewerage drains are a confused mess. At the time of Pakistan\u2019s formation in 1947, Karachi had some 400,000 residents<\/a> but the population exploded in following decades. Inefficient administration, uncontrolled reclamation of land for construction and pollution have resulted in the destruction of natural drainage.<\/p>\n

Today,\u00a0under the pressure of a population of 23 million plus, and a population density of 24,000 people per square kilometre, according to the World Population Review<\/a>, both the water supply and drainage system of Karachi are less than satisfactory.<\/p>\n

Rampant construction<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u201cRainwater in Karachi used to clear away within 10 minutes once upon a time. But then man came along, over-built, and confused the system,\u201d said de Souza. He cites the example of Gora Qabristan, a graveyard for the Christian community, built on the city\u2019s jugular Sharah-e-Faisal road. Over the last 68 years, the road has been raised by four feet. As a result, the cemetery becomes a pit full of water for days during the rainy season.<\/p>\n

\u201cA storm drainage map system is what we need. The building control authorities should check the drainage before approving any construction. A flood in a city is not a natural but a manmade disaster,\u201d de Souza said.<\/p>\n

Hasan explained,\u00a0\u201cThere are three main outfalls of drainage to the sea from Karachi<\/a>.\u201d One of them, the Gizri Creek, has the upscale Phase 7 Defence Housing Authority (DHA), home to the city\u2019s rich and powerful, built on it. \u201cAll that we are left with is approximately an 80 feet nallah. When there is high tide, or rain, the water cannot get out. The result is that it gets choked.\u201d<\/p>\n

Similarly, the major Mai Kolachi<\/a> bypass has been built over a drain. \u201cIt should have been elevated to avoid problems\u201d and to the west, the Karachi Port Trust colony was built over marshland, Hasan said.<\/p>\n

Then there is the Kalri Nallah, near Machhar (mosquito) Colony<\/a>, the largest of Karachi\u2019s unregulated neighbourhoods, where hundreds of trucks of garbage are dumped every day.<\/p>\n

There are several other instances.\u00a0An 80 feet wide, 4,000 feet long nallah between Akhtar Colony and Defence View Phase 2 has piles of silt, overflowing sewage, mounds of garbage and an entire colony of slum dwellers lining both sides.<\/p>\n

Blame game<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Commissioner Karachi Shoaib Ahmed Siddiqui, who is also\u00a0KMC administrator, recently called for the speedy clean-up of the drains. Asked how swiftly this would be done,\u00a0Syed Muhammad Shakaib, director of planning and development at the Karachi Commissioner Office, admitted that there are serious bottlenecks when it comes to implementation. \u201cCan you tell me names of more nallahs that need cleaning? We can start working on them right away.\u201d<\/p>\n

According to experts, the Karachi Water and Sewerage Board<\/a> (KWSB) should take responsibility. But the blame game continues here too. \u201cCleaning the freshwater ravines or storm-water drains is not our responsibility. We are just concerned with sewage water. The laws are all there but if people don\u2019t follow them what can we do?\u201d said Nazeer Mateen, KWSB spokesperson.<\/p>\n

Mateen admitted that water contamination is not uncommon in Karachi, with some residents stealing water by making holes in pipes and attaching makeshift waterlines to them. \u201cThose sometimes get mixed up with sewage lines KWSB has laid. If we find out, we fix it. What else can we do?\u201d<\/p>\n

As the chaos intensifies in the sprawling city, residents remember the old days. \u201cI myself have caught fish from the Lyari river<\/a> and eaten it,\u201d said a nostalgic\u00a0Muhammad Moazzam Khan,\u00a0technical advisor, marine fisheries, WWF-Pakistan<\/a>. \u201cNo one even feels for the loss of natural water bodies. Their absence has affected biodiversity and life itself in Karachi. It has been eaten up by commercialism.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pakistan\u2019s commercial capital Karachi faces the threat of floods each time it rains, due to rampant construction, pollution and encroachments blocking its natural ravines and storm-water drains<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20000074,"featured_media":20015302,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[761,50039903],"tags":[14713,20000192],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000112],"class_list":["post-20011204","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","category-water","tag-cities","tag-disasters","country-pakistan"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWaterways choked, Karachi on brink of floods with each rain | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pakistan\u2019s commercial capital Karachi faces the threat of floods each time it rains, due to rampant construction, pollution and encroachments blocking 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