{"id":20022214,"date":"2017-05-19T12:30:23","date_gmt":"2017-05-19T07:00:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?p=22214"},"modified":"2020-12-23T16:35:19","modified_gmt":"2020-12-23T11:05:19","slug":"whats-at-stake-in-chinas-plan-to-blow-up-islands-in-the-mekong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/water\/whats-at-stake-in-chinas-plan-to-blow-up-islands-in-the-mekong\/","title":{"rendered":"What\u2019s at stake in China\u2019s plan to blow up islands in the Mekong"},"content":{"rendered":"

The pla beuk<\/em> is a beautiful behemoth; a gigantic toothless catfish<\/a> with skin smooth and silky to the touch.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s the largest freshwater fish in the world and, once upon a time, these fish swam the great lengths of the mighty Mekong River from southern China, through Burma, Laos, Thailand, and Cambodia, all the way to the river\u2019s delta in Vietnam.<\/p>\n

Now, there are maybe only a few hundred adult<\/a> specimens still living, hidden in isolated deep pools in a few relatively undisturbed places along the river.<\/p>\n

If you wish to catch a glimpse of one, the best bet is to cast your eyes about the murals of the Mekong\u2019s resorts, restaurants and riverside temples, where they\u2019re often painted in a serene satiny blue.<\/p>\n

\"\"
A painting of a Pla Beuk at a Thai temple [image by: Xufanc\/Wikimedia Commons]<\/figcaption><\/figure>In folklore, pla beuk<\/em> was once revered throughout the Mekong<\/a> basin and those who sought to capture one for eating in days gone by would often perform special rituals and offerings<\/a> before heading out to fish for it.<\/p>\n

The traditional way to claim the life of a pla beuk<\/em> was to go out in a wooden boat and throw a homemade spear or fibrous net laden with rocks at each corner. But now China wants to kill them another away \u2013 with bombs.<\/p>\n

\u201cWho would bomb a catfish?\u201d I expect you\u2019re asking.<\/p>\n

China\u2019s expanding trade routes<\/strong><\/p>\n

On May 14, the Chinese Government launched its Silk Road Project<\/a> to develop trade routes across the lands of Central Asia to Europe as well as sea routes across Asian seas.<\/p>\n

But China\u2019s vision of Asian trade routes is not without its own bombs. The company charged with developing a trade route along the Mekong River (the state-owned Chinese Communications Construction Company) is set to dynamite river islands<\/a> on a 900-kilometre section of the river that passes from the Chinese province of Yunnan through to the river port of Luang Prabang in Laos.<\/p>\n

\"\"
A Chinese boat, with a team of geologists, surveys the Mekong River, at the border between Laos and Thailand [image by: Jorge Silva\/Reuters]<\/figcaption><\/figure>On the other side of the Indochinese peninsula, in the South China Sea, China is building<\/em> islands, but in the Mekong it wants to demolish islands in order to make the river more navigable. Proponents talk about the process as a \u201criver improvement project<\/a>\u201d; a \u201cgentling-out<\/a>\u201d of the Mekong to make it smooth and easy to handle \u2013 like the pla beuk<\/em>, it might be said.<\/p>\n

This section of the river has been navigable for decades for cargo boats carrying about 60 tonnes or more<\/a>. These can safely pass between the Mekong\u2019s islands if an experienced navigator is on board.<\/p>\n

But China is brandishing about the idea that larger boats mean more trade and more prosperity. And it plans to open up the Yunnan-to-Luang Prabang stretch of the Mekong<\/a> to 500-tonne cargo barges.<\/p>\n

This means hundreds of river islands in China, Burma, Thailand and Laos have to be blasted away.<\/p>\n

Route to environmental decay<\/strong><\/p>\n

While not officially part of the new Silk Road, the Mekong route is still part of China\u2019s national goal of trade route expansion<\/a>. But outside of that country, environmental groups such as Save the Mekong<\/a>, International Rivers<\/a>, the Burma Rivers Network<\/a> are questioning the economic case for the Mekong to serve as an expanded trade route.<\/p>\n

\"\"
A protest banner against rapids blasting in the Mekong River at the border between Laos and Thailand [image by: Jorge Silva\/Reuters]<\/figcaption><\/figure>They\u2019re suggesting that a smoothed out Mekong would only increase trade between China and the Mekong nations by an insignificant amount. Many also suggest that the plan is mainly about China getting access to the fast-growing Southeast Asian market<\/a> for Yunnan\u2019s agricultural products.<\/p>\n

Right now, it takes two weeks for Yunnan producers to get their goods to a Chinese seaport and another week to get them to big city markets in Indochina<\/a>. The Mekong trade route is touted as being able to do all this within a few days.<\/p>\n

Despite the bigger boats and the faster travel times, the economic impetus may be less important to China than political drivers<\/a>. China will be lending money and providing credit lines \u2013 to the tune of US$10 billion<\/a> \u2013 to the various Mekong nations. And it can leverage this debt to push forward with its own interests in the region.<\/p>\n

If the river islands do get blasted away, a whole range of environmental consequences may cascade for hundreds of kilometres<\/a>. The river may travel faster in parts, eroding riverside farms and conservation zones. It may also end up travelling slower in other parts; lowering water levels and changing the quantity and quality of sediment that will flow downstream.<\/p>\n

The impact of this changing water flow on food and water security has not yet been calculated \u2014 if it ever could be \u2014 but the risks are enormous.<\/p>\n

\"\"

The Mekong, with its nutrient-rich sediment, is crucial for growing rice [image by: Tuan DC\/Reuters ]<\/figcaption><\/figure>The Mekong, with its nutrient-rich sediment, is crucial for growing rice. It\u2019s also home to hundreds of species of edible fish. For tens of millions of people in the Mekong basin, including millions of fisherfolk<\/a> who live at near-subsistence level, fish and rice constitute their daily diet.<\/p>\n

It may be shortsighted to gamble with this invaluable resource just to effect a slight increase in international trade figures. And this kind of threat to their livelihood recently pushed Mekong fishing communities to take to their riverboats<\/a> in protest.<\/p>\n

What\u2019s more, business people in Burma, Laos and Thailand might look forward to increased trade between their nations but they may find themselves squeezed out of their local economy<\/a> if they\u2019re undercut by cheap goods flowing down the river from China.<\/p>\n

Rock or an island?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Then, there\u2019s the catfish. Those who seek to \u201csmooth-out\u201d the Mekong generally refer to the river islands as rocks. But these \u201crocks\u201d are far from lifeless.<\/p>\n

\"\"

The river islands are far from lifeless [image by Jorge Silva\/Reuters]<\/figcaption><\/figure>Many are vegetated, some with trees, and their presence in the river creates a range of pools, shoals, bars, shallows, and waterfalls, perfect for breeding countless varieties of fish, including pla beuk<\/em>.<\/p>\n

When pla beuk<\/em> are young \u2013 and \u201cugly-cute\u201d with prominent their whiskers \u2013 they hang around these sorts of places as they shelter from predators, feed on algae, and slowly grow. Destruction of these river islands and rocky outcrops would probably lead to the demise of juvenile fish<\/a>.<\/p>\n

At the moment, the Mekong River is known to be the most biodiverse river<\/a> in the world \u2014 after the Amazon. But if the river islands are bombed away and if the riverscape is engineered into something more like a large artificial canal, then endangered species, including pla beuk<\/em>, face extinction.<\/p>\n

Alas, even if the river islands are left in peace, the fish of the Mekong face another attack from China: dams. Chinese dams<\/a> have all but stopped fish migration in the upper reaches of the Mekong yet many more dams are being built every year.<\/p>\n

If you are a fish, having your island birthplace blasted away with dynamite might seem pretty rough. But coming across a new dam is like a nuclear bomb going off.<\/p>\n

This story first appeared in the Conversation<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The pla beuk is a beautiful behemoth; a gigantic toothless catfish with skin smooth and silky to the touch. It\u2019s the largest freshwater fish in the world and, once upon a time, these fish swam the great lengths of the mighty Mekong River from southern China, through Burma, Laos, Thailand, and Cambodia, all the way […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2194,"featured_media":20017636,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[50039903],"tags":[511,20000155,50040325],"hashtags":[],"country":[20029278,20000110,20028095,20029326,20028207],"class_list":["post-20022214","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-water","tag-biodiversity","tag-mekong","tag-river-basins","country-cambodia","country-china","country-laos","country-thailand","country-vietnam"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhat\u2019s at stake in China\u2019s plan to blow up islands in the Mekong | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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