{"id":20027184,"date":"2019-04-23T12:41:07","date_gmt":"2019-04-23T07:11:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?p=27184"},"modified":"2021-04-22T20:10:33","modified_gmt":"2021-04-22T14:40:33","slug":"polls-and-pollution-along-the-ganga","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/water\/polls-and-pollution-along-the-ganga\/","title":{"rendered":"Polls and pollution along the Ganga"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

This is the second part of a three-part series on India’s general elections. Read the first part here.<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNo political party wants to talk about the state of the Ganga because they are all guilty,\u201d says Pradeep Manjhi. \u201cWe boatmen of Varanasi know this because we are on the river every day. That is why we do not accept all this talk of Modiji cleaning the Ganga.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Varanasi, the parliamentary constituency represented by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, nobody thinks he can be defeated in the polling scheduled on May 19. \u201cBut people now know that he does not keep his promises, especially to Dalits and Muslims,\u201d says Ishtiaq Ansari, a resident who calls himself a supporter of the opposition Samajwadi Party. \u201cI think his margin of victory will come down.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prabal Sonkar was playing cricket in a wasteland, the only vacant plot between the Varanasi neighbourhood Phoolwariya and the railway tracks. \u201cWhat else can I do? I am 25. I have completed my BA, I have sat for every recruitment examination, I have looked for a job everywhere, I have not got anything.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Has he heard of schemes by the outgoing BJP-led government to provide loans so that young people can start their own businesses? \u201cYes, of course I have heard of them. Modiji and other BJP (Bharatiya Janata Party) leaders keep talking about the schemes all the time. So I checked with three banks. None of them will give a loan without a surety. My father is an auto-rickshaw driver. He does not even own the auto-rickshaw he drives. What will I offer as surety? I need a job.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On the wasteland, the game has changed from cricket to football. The level crossing across the rail tracks has opened up after a long wait, and motorcycle riders take a short cut through the dirt tracks that divide the wasteland from the garbage dump of Phoolwariya. Pigs, goats and cows root among discarded plastic bags. Garbage of all kinds lies strewn around.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Don\u2019t the municipal authorities remove the garbage? \u201cWho thinks of Phoolwariya,\u201d responds Rampal, a vegetable seller taking the evening air atop his empty cart. \u201cThis is a place where we Dalits live, and so do the poor people among the Muslims. The BJP people know we will not vote for them. So they don\u2019t come here. When Modiji comes to Varanasi to campaign, you\u2019ll see he will go to the Ganga ghats and get photographed. He will talk to the rich people. He will not come here. Who cares about us?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shail Bala qualifies as a first time voter from Phoolwariya, but says she cannot vote because she has not got her voter\u2019s identity card. \u201cThey removed our names.\u201d Who is they? \u201cI don\u2019t know.\u201d How does she know her name has been removed? \u201cI haven\u2019t got my card.\u201d Does she know that as long as her name is on the voters\u2019 list, she can use another identity card and vote? \u201cI didn\u2019t know that.\u201d So will she try to vote? \u201cWhat\u2019s the point? Modiji will win anyway.\u201d Sitting on the porch of their home, her mother says, \u201cI will vote. We have always been BSP (Bahujan Samaj Party) supporters. I will vote for the gathbandhan (alliance of the SP and BSP).\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Uttar Pradesh \u2013 the state with India\u2019s highest population and which sends 80 representatives among the 543 elected to the lower house of India\u2019s Parliament \u2013 the Samajwadi Party and the BSP are in an alliance to oppose the BJP. During the last general elections in 2014, the BJP won 71 seats from the state. In the middle of this year\u2019s poll, the feelings indicate that the contest is more evenly balanced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pradeep Manjhi and many of fellow Ganga boatmen in Varanasi are also planning to vote against the BJP, because, they say, the schemes for beautification of the ghats (riverside steps) in Hinduism\u2019s holiest city keep displacing them from the mooring spots of their boats. \u201cAnd after all this, the river is dirtier than ever. These BJP people just keep talking. When we tell them the river cannot be cleaned unless they get their sewage treatment plants working, there is no response. It was a lot cleaner during the (January-March) Kumbh Mela in Allahabad (officially called Prayagraj now) because they released water from Tehri (dam in Uttarakhand upstream). Now they have stopped the water again, and you can see that there\u2019s not enough water to take away the garbage. The river doesn\u2019t even flow.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Manjhi stops rowing, and the boat stays still in the black water.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"man<\/div>
Pradeep Manjhi, boatman of Varanasi, rows in a polluted Ganga [image by: Joydeep Gupta]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The shopkeepers in the narrow lanes of ancient Varanasi have a different tale. \u201cModiji has been very good for business,\u201d says Ghanshyam Tiwari, who runs an ice cream parlour. \u201cMany more people are coming to Varanasi from all over India and all over the world. They spend money. There is a lot more money going around. Then he organised the Pravasi Bharatiya (non-resident Indian) summit here. Thousands of people came. They went to all the temples and the ghats. They spent so much money. It has been very good for us. Of course, we shall all vote for him and send him back to Parliament with a bigger majority than the last time.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tougher upstream<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In Kanpur, almost 350 km upstream of Varanasi on the Ganga, the divide is sharper. The biggest industrial city of Uttar Pradesh has a large number of state-owned ordnance factories, whose managers and workers are reportedly enthusiastic about the muscular tone adopted by the BJP in India\u2019s dealings with Pakistan, especially Islamist terrorists allegedly backed by elements within the Pakistan government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But it is not so clear among the owners and workers of the hundreds of tanneries that bring Kanpur a large chunk of its revenue. For decades, the tanneries have resisted all attempts to clean their effluents before they flow down to the Ganga nearby. This has been the biggest single source of industrial pollution in the Ganga, India\u2019s longest river. Then last October, the state\u2019s pollution control board ordered temporary closure of all the Kanpur tanneries in preparation for the January-March Kumbh Mela \u2013 one of the biggest Hindu religious festivals \u2013 in downstream Prayagraj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe lost billions in cancelled export orders,\u201d says a tannery owner who refuses to identify himself. \u201cWe could not supply to the shoe industry in the country. Hundreds of thousands of workers have been without a salary since October. The Kumbh got over in March. It is now the second half of April. We still haven\u2019t received permission to restart our operations.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That is not quite correct. The factories are behind high walls and locked doors, but the smell of hides being cured cannot be concealed. And once it gets dark, a mule cart loaded with cured hides clip clops down the main road of Jajmau, the tannery neighbourhood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What have the tannery owners done to treat their effluents? \u201cThe government should do it,\u201d responds the man who still refuses to give his name. \u201cWe can\u2019t afford to set up treatment plants. We can only show our anger by voting against the BJP. All our workers will vote against the BJP, which is making them starve.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In another part of Kanpur, there is little sympathy for the tannery owners. \u201cWho says they can\u2019t afford to set up treatments plants,\u201d asks Dinesh Tripathi, a lawyer in the district court. \u201cThey are among the richest people in this city. They are complaining because for the first time, they have had to face the law. The government has done a very good job. They should be supported by all of us. I\u2019m going to vote for the BJP.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is, though, unclear whether local issues will matter more in a general election than national ones. Shashi Tyagi is the owner of a new restaurant in Jaunpur. He is fed up by cows ending up on roads or garbage dumps due to a recent decision by the government to ban cow slaughter of aged cattle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"garbage<\/div>
The drain and garbage dump along the main road of Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh [image by: Joydeep Gupta]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

There is a garbage dump right next to Tyagi\u2019s new-looking restaurant, and a drain flowing beneath the dump. Neither looks as if it has ever been cleaned. \u201cThat is right. I\u2019ve never seen the municipality people here. It\u2019s a big breeding ground for mosquitoes. But what can we do?\u201d Does this helplessness translate into anger against the government? \u201cYes, of course, the [state] government is to blame, and they will suffer in the next election to the state assembly. But that won\u2019t affect the Parliament polls. You can\u2019t expect Modiji to clean every drain in the country. People will still vote for him.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tomorrow: Cows and confusion in Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Water, air and soil are all polluted in Uttar Pradesh, India\u2019s most populous state; but no campaigner in this election season talks about it, and voters do only when reminded<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2194,"featured_media":20027185,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[760,50039903],"tags":[50029993,20000005,50040325,50040707,50040328],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000111],"class_list":["post-20027184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pollution","category-water","tag-elections","tag-ganga","tag-river-basins","tag-the-third-pole","tag-water-quality","country-india"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPolls and pollution along the Ganga | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pollution is a serious problem along the Ganga; but no campaigner in this election season talks about it, and voters do only when reminded\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/water\/polls-and-pollution-along-the-ganga\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Polls and pollution along the Ganga\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Water, air and soil are all polluted in Uttar Pradesh, India\u2019s most populous state; 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