{"id":20028438,"date":"2019-11-13T12:28:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-13T06:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?p=28438"},"modified":"2021-01-05T17:12:58","modified_gmt":"2021-01-05T11:42:58","slug":"water-and-food-shortage-imminent-in-the-himalayas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/water-and-food-shortage-imminent-in-the-himalayas\/","title":{"rendered":"Water and food shortage imminent in the Himalayas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The rapid melting of glaciers and reduced snowfall in the Himalayas due to climate change will cause water and food shortage for more than eight hundred million people inhabiting the region if effective adaptation and mitigation measures are not implemented before 2030, scientists and experts said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe degradation of the Himalayan ecosystem due to climate change is going to adversely impact water and food security for millions of people across South Asia and South-East Asia, including China,\u201d Cheppudira Muthanna, the secretary for India\u2019s Environment and Health Foundation, told thethirdpole.net<\/a> last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Along with around five hundred representatives from governments, non-governmental organisations and the corporate sector across 50 different countries, Muthanna was participating in the 7th Regional Conservation Forum organised by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the Ministry of Climate Change in Islamabad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is vital to realise that we don\u2019t have the luxury of time.<\/blockquote>Cheppudira Muthanna<\/cite><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n

Nearly 170 delegates from Asian countries had attended the event entitled \u201cGreening Asia for Nature and People\u201d to discuss and explain different adaptation and mitigation measures to curb adverse impacts of climate change.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt is evident from scientific studies that if the trends of reduced snowfall, increased precipitation and shrinking of Himalayan glaciers continue at this pace, the results will be catastrophic for millions of people in the Himalaya and Mekong region,\u201d Muthanna said. \u201cFood productivity of the entire region will be adversely affected due to droughts and floods.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The Himalayan mountain range is 2,500 kilometers long with an average width of around 300 kilometers spanning China, Pakistan, India, Nepal and Bhutan. It is home to around 15,000 glaciers, holding around 600 billion tonnes of ice, which feed major perennial river systems including the Indus and Mekong, and sustain 1.65 billion people \u2014 over 20% of the world\u2019s population] across the region.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Himalayas and Mekong basin consist of eleven countries, including China, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and Thailand.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt is vital to realise that we don\u2019t have the luxury of time,\u201d Muthanna said, \u201cthe clock is ticking and we must act now before it is too late.\u201d He said that if reductions in the Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCPs) were delayed until 2030, it would be more difficult \u2014 if not impossible \u2014 to keep warming under 2\u00b0C by the end of the century.<\/span><\/p>\n

Listing out the main sources of black carbon emissions in the Himalayas and Mekong basin, he urged policymakers to distribute eco-friendly stoves in mountainous communities, improve brick kilns\u2019 technology, cut vehicular emissions, curb forest fires and stubble burning to deal with the challenge.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Himalayan glaciers, considered the \u201cthird pole\u201d of the world because of the sheer volume of ice they hold,<\/span> melted 10 inches to 20 inches \u2014 which is twice as quickly \u2014 between 2000 and 2016 as compared to 1975 and 2000, a new study shows.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cShrinking Himalayan glaciers pose challenges to societies and policy-makers,\u201d says the study<\/a>, published in the journal Science Advances. It adds that melting glaciers contribute to \u201cseasonal runoff, especially in climatically drier western regions, and increase risk of outburst floods due to expansion of unstable proglacial lakes.\u201d<\/p>\n

The IUCN\u2019s \u2018Asia Regional Conservation Forum\u2019 in Islamabad was part of an effort to collect different successful climate change adaptation and mitigation stories from experts and scientists for its World Conservation Forum that is scheduled to be held in France in June next year. Around 14,000 people including experts, representatives of governments and NGOs will be participating in the forum to discuss sustainable development and green growth across the globe.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cEverybody across the globe can feel the negative impacts of climate change. We need to act as quickly as possible to deal with them,\u201d Grethel Aguilar, IUCN acting director-general, told thethirdpole.net<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

She said climate change-related challenges faced by Asia were global in nature as people in every part of the world were braving water shortage, air pollution, deforestation, floods and droughts.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe need to recover our forest lands across the globe to protect biodiversity, improve the quality of our soil for agriculture and ensure green growth,\u201d said Aguilar, \u201cit is unfortunate that our Himalayan resources, especially glaciers, are melting rapidly due to rising temperatures.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The rate of warming in the Himalayas \u2013 the water tower of Asia \u2013 is much faster than warming globally with an increase of 0.15 degree centigrade 0.6 degree centigrade per decade in the last three decades, Aguilar said.<\/span><\/p>\n

A recent report on the Hindu Kush Himalaya region found that increasing global warming was decimating its glaciers, and extremes in floods and droughts through much of the upcoming century may destroyed the food production base of the region.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe glaciers have exhibited a rapid shrinkage in both length and area in recent decades, coinciding with the rapid warming in the region,\u201d says the <\/span>report<\/span><\/a>, warning that even if the carbon emissions are rapidly cut and global warming limited to 1.5C, 36 percent of the glaciers along the Hindu Kush and Himalaya range will have gone by the year 2100.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Hindu Kush Himalayan region is considered to be a global asset as it is the origin of 10 major river basins, provides ecosystem services like water, food and energy that directly sustain the livelihoods of 240 million people, and nearly 1.9 billion people living in these river basins also benefit directly and indirectly from its resources. More than three billion people, according to the report, enjoy the food produced in its river basins.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kiran Timalsina, chairperson of Green Governance Nepal, said that rapid deforestation, increasing global warming and haphazard development projects in the Himalayan region were the major causes for migration, water scarcity and biodiversity loss.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cEcological restoration is the most important to mitigate climate change impacts,\u201d he told The Third Pole. \u201cWe also need to conserve mountain ecosystem to ensure water and food availability for the whole region.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Timalsina said that mountain communities were facing the challenge of food and nutrition security due to poor policies of the governments. \u201cAbout 50 percent of the Himalayan population suffers from malnutrition, and women and children suffer more,\u201d he added.<\/span><\/p>\n

Experts and scientists at the IUCN conference also highlighted the lack of inter-governmental engagements to learn from each other\u2019s experiences and devise joint cross-border strategies to deal with climate change effectively.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe don\u2019t have the level of engagement that is required to deal with the menace of climate change,\u201d Peter Bille Larsen, senior lecturer and research associate at the University of Geneva told thethirdpole.net<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe food and water security of the whole planet will be threatened in the coming years if we fail to formulate joint, robust strategies of cooperation to deal with the challenge,\u201d Larsen added.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Experts at IUCN conference in Pakistan sound the alarm for global warming and the resultant food insecurity in Asia <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20000114,"featured_media":20037901,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[761,50039903],"tags":[519,543,50040713,50040707,607],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000116,20027489,20029278,20000110,20000111,20028095,20000117,20000113,20000112,20029326,20028207],"class_list":["post-20028438","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","category-water","tag-climate-impacts","tag-extreme-weather","tag-glaciers","tag-the-third-pole","tag-water-scarcity","country-bangladesh","country-bhutan","country-cambodia","country-china","country-india","country-laos","country-myanmar","country-nepal","country-pakistan","country-thailand","country-vietnam"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWater 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