{"id":20049145,"date":"2020-11-03T12:30:02","date_gmt":"2020-11-03T07:00:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?p=40936"},"modified":"2021-02-23T16:57:52","modified_gmt":"2021-02-23T11:27:52","slug":"rare-green-immersion-stands-out-after-durga-puja","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/water\/rare-green-immersion-stands-out-after-durga-puja\/","title":{"rendered":"Rare green immersion stands out after Durga Puja"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The immersion of idols to mark the end of Durga Puja festival continued to pollute the Ganga this year in Kolkata \u2013 the epicentre of the annual event. Covid-19 distancing norms, National Green Tribunal directives, a notification by the West Bengal government \u2013 all were flouted. But among the thousands of neighbourhood groups that organise the festival, one stood out by opting for a \u2018green immersion\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the biggest annual festival in West Bengal, nearly 37,000 Durga Pujas are held in the state every year, more than half of them in the state capital Kolkata. Every year, environmentalists point out that the immersion of idols at the Hooghly \u2013 the westernmost distributary of the Ganga \u2013 leads to serious water pollution. The clay idols are covered in toxic paint and many of the accessories are plastic. Every year, the pleas are ignored.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

An official of the Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC) said this year they had placed cranes at three of the 17 immersion spots along the riverbank to remove the idols before they dissolve. Nearly two-thirds of the 15,000 idols were immersed at spots that did not have any such arrangement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe find the system of immersion is not adequate as per NMCG (National Mission for Clean Ganga) guidelines in most of the KMC ghats (immersion spots), particularly the north Kolkata ghats,\u201d an official from the State Pollution Control Board said during the immersion process on October 19.
Expressing helplessness, a state government official said, \u201cThere is a lot of public sentiment involved. You need awareness and social acceptance. Just policing will not do.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are five idols in a Durga Puja \u2013 Goddess Durga and her four children. \u201cJust imagine the number of idols being immersed in the Hooghly and other rivers and the enormity of the pollution load being generated as a result. You have a disaster in your hands,\u201d said environmental activist Subhas Datta, who has gone to court a number of times seeking \u2018green immersion\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

One bright spot<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tridhara Sammilani, a neighbourhood club in south Kolkata well known for its lavish celebrations, stood out this year by creating an artificial pond lined with plastic sheets to hold the immersion next to the marquee where the Puja had been held.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Durga<\/div>
\u2018Green immersion\u2019 at Tridhara Sammilani, Kolkata [Image by: Jayanta Basu]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n

They moved an idol there with a crane, and trained multiple water jets on it. Once the colours washed off and the clay melted, the same water was used for the next idol. The two-hour process took around 25,000 litres of water.
\u201cWe were under various pandemic-linked restrictions and risks related to the conventional immersion in the Ganga, so we decided on this unique mode,\u201d said Debasish Kumar, a club official and a member of the KMC board of administrators.
As a KMC official, Kumar is in charge of immersion arrangements for all of Kolkata. He hoped that in future other clubs would opt for a \u2018green immersion\u2019 as well.
Role models<\/strong>
Other Puja organisers have shown the way in previous years. In the commuter country north of Kolkata, the Naihati Kali Puja organisers have been known to use this \u2018wash and melt\u2019 immersion method once the religious rituals are completed.
Some supporters of immersion in rivers say it is part of the Puja rituals, but priests disagree. \u201cThere is no religious bar to such green immersions. Once darpan bisarjan (through which the goddess is bid farewell to the accompaniment of sacred texts) is completed, the immersion is technically over,\u201d pointed out Ramnath Bhattacharya, a senior priest who has been conducting a Durga Puja every year for over two decades. Former Sanskrit College teacher Himangsu Pandit, linked to the almanac through which Puja timings are fixed, found no fault with the green immersion model either.
A few more attempts<\/strong>
A few other green immersion models were attempted in West Bengal this year. \u201cFollowing the NMCG guideline, we have set up a dedicated and barricaded immersion zone within two large water bodies in South Dumdum municipality, adjacent to Kolkata Municipal Corporation, to ensure an environment friendly immersion,\u201d Kalyan Rudra, chairman of West Bengal Pollution Control Board, told\u00a0The Third Pole<\/a>. \u201cThe base of the water bodies have been lined with a synthetic material so that the diffused pollutants can be arrested.\u201d
The pollution control board took its cue from New Kolkata Development Authority (NKDA), which has been pursuing this model in the northern suburbs of Kolkata for a few years now. According to NKDA chairman Debasish Sen, idols are immersed through specially designed ramps with stairs on both sides, and subsequently pulled back from the water using cranes.
Municipal authorities at Chinsurah near Kolkata laid down rails so that idols can be rolled down to the Hooghly easily, and then removed quickly with the help of cranes.
Hope for a greener future<\/strong>
Environmentalists are hoping green immersions will become the norm in future years, especially since NMCG directives and court verdicts mandate it.
\u201cIt\u2019s a very good initiative and we will be happy to support in expanding it in future if Kolkata Municipal Corporation wants,\u201d Rudra said.
Firhad Hakim, chairman of board of administrators in KMC and former mayor, told\u00a0The Third Pole<\/a>\u00a0that KMC would consider expanding the \u2018wash and melt\u2019 model in coming years.
Majority chooses to pollute<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"idol
The usual immersion scene on the bank of the Hooghly in Kolkata [Image by: Jayanta Basu]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\nBut so far, these ecologically friendly immersions account for a miniscule minority in Kolkata. And it\u2019s worse in other parts of the state, \u201cwhere hardly any system exists for environment-friendly immersion as per norms,\u201d said Biswajit Mukherjee, a former chief law officer with the state\u2019s environment department.<\/span>\n\n

The effect on water<\/strong>
\u201cIn earlier years we found that the concentration of toxic heavy metal pollutants like lead used to increase almost four times due to immersion, and the figure was around 37 times above the World Health Organisation (WHO) safety limit,\u201d said Krishnajyoti Goswami, a professor at Lincoln University College in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. He\u00a0analysed the immersion-induced pollution<\/a>\u00a0in the Kolkata stretch of the Hooghly from 2015 to 2017.
An internal study of the West Bengal Pollution Control Board in 2015, seen by this reporter, revealed that concentration of some highly toxic heavy metals in river deposits increased by as much as 148% after immersion. At an immersion spot in Kolkata, the concentration of lead was found to increase about 51%.
\u201cDo not forget, this water comes back to us as drinking water. Our water treatment process does not have a system to filter these heavy metals,\u201d said Arunabha Majumdar, former head of environment sanitation at the All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health.
Guideline yes, implementation no<\/strong>
India\u2019s National Green Tribunal has been pushing to stop immersions along open stretches of any river. \u201cIdol immersion points should be cordoned off and barricaded. Synthetic liners may be placed in the bottom well in advance,\u201d reads an NGT order of October 6, 2017.
The order mandated that idols be made from natural materials rather than baked clay or plaster of Paris. It said painting of idols should be \u201ctotally discouraged\u201d, or water soluble and nontoxic natural dyes should be used. It also said flowers, cloth and decorating material\u00a0should be removed before\u00a0immersion.
In 2018, the environment department of the West Bengal government published a notification reiterating the NGT directive. But clearly, there have been few takers. \u201cWe found that apart from flowers, other materials like coloured ornaments etc. are not being removed from idols,\u201d a state pollution control board official observed during the immersion ceremonies on October 19.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In most places, the annual Hindu festival caused serious water pollution this year as well<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20000107,"featured_media":20055947,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[760,50039903],"tags":[20000005,587,50040707,20000341],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000111],"class_list":["post-20049145","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pollution","category-water","tag-ganga","tag-rivers","tag-the-third-pole","tag-water-pollution","country-india"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nRare green immersion stands out after Durga Puja | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In most places, the annual Hindu festival caused serious water pollution this year as well\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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