{"id":20064732,"date":"2021-01-20T14:42:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-20T09:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?p=64732"},"modified":"2021-02-15T16:51:41","modified_gmt":"2021-02-15T11:21:41","slug":"women-in-pakistans-sindh-win-historic-recognition-to-manage-water","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/justice\/women-in-pakistans-sindh-win-historic-recognition-to-manage-water\/","title":{"rendered":"Women in Pakistan\u2019s Sindh win historic recognition to manage water"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

This week, a landmark amendment<\/a> passed by the Sindh province\u2019s legislative assembly recognised \u2013 for the first time \u2013 the role of women farmers in water management. It has been a long battle to create an historic change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>

The Sindh Water Management (Amendment) Bill,<\/strong> 2018 now guarantees women\u2019s representation in around 45,000 water course associations, over 350 farmer organisations, and 14 area water boards in the province.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Dhani Bux, a farmer and advocate for efficient water management in his district Badin, was one of many men demanding a share of water in the \u2018tail-end areas\u2019 of the Sindh province. For the last decade, Bux and his fellow farmers have faced a serious scarcity of water that has turned their fertile lands in Badin and Thatta barren and spurred mass migration. He is the leader of the District Badin Alliance, formed after legislation titled the \u2018Sindh Water Management Ordinance\u2019 (SWMO) was passed in 2002 which required that farmers\u2019 organisations be formed at each distributary for the equitable distribution of water.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Akram<\/div>
A view of Akram wah canal which supplies irrigation water to Hyderabad, Tando Muhammad Khan and Badin tail areas [image by: Manog Genani]<\/em><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Unfortunately, there was no specific provision or requirement for women farmers, therefore women were kept out of this important fight. \u201cUnfortunately, I was not part of the farmers\u2019 organisation that decides the distribution of water resources,\u201d Farzana (who uses one name) told The Third Pole<\/a>. From the village of Qasim Solangi, she rears cattle, takes part in several agricultural activities, brings water home and does housework.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Farzana added, \u201cIf women are given a chance in water resource management, we know the lands more than men, and can decide what suitable measures should be taken.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Rizwana<\/div>
Rizwana Solangi, a farmer, in her village Qasim Solangi, district Hyderabad [image by: Manoj Genani]<\/em><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Role of women farmers in Sindh<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>
Recommended<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n

Women farmers in rural Sindh are a significant part of the agricultural workforce. In 2015, an FAO study<\/a> in Pakistan reported that women\u2019s role in agriculture increased during the last two decades, as many men migrated from Sindh\u2019s rural areas to urban centres to improve their income possibilities and to avoid exploitation from local landlords.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSuch conditions have given rural women an active role in on-farm and off-farm activities and has also increased their work burden and responsibilities. Women in Sindh are involved in crop production from sowing to harvesting stages, rural women in agriculture, they should be recognized as women farmers rather than sharecroppers or helpers. Women in rural Sindh work on average for 12-14 hours a day,\u201d the report said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Water scarcity is a huge problem for the farmers in rural Sindh. 77% of these, according to the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, are women.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Women<\/div>
Women from the Hindu Minority community bringing grasses from the farms to their home, Qasim Solangi, Hyderabad [image by: Manoj Genani]<\/em><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The water network which consists of three barrages, 14 main canals and about 40,000 field outlets is a key pillar of the rural economy. This massive and cohesive system of canals, outlets and distributaries has been the lifeline of the people here for the last century. However, for the last few years, due to theft and the usage of water by big landowners for their own orchards, the tail-end areas have been largely deprived.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>
Recommended<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n

And while men like Bux fight this \u201cpolitical influence and monopoly of big landowners\u201d whom he said \u201chave axed the fair distribution of water\u201d, women are excluded from these platforms even though they are stakeholders very much affected by irrigation policies, laws and distribution of water.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Activist Abida Samoo highlighted the challenge women face. \u201cIn rural areas, women do a lot of work in the agricultural field \u2014 more than men \u2014 from sowing seeds to harvesting,\u201d he said. \u201cUnfortunately, they don\u2019t have a stake in water distribution, even though a woman can efficiently use water once she gets involved.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Landless<\/div>
Landless women farmers collecting rice straw from field areas, near village Khan Muhammad Panhwar, district Hyderabad [image by: Manoj Genani]<\/em><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Without a clear role in water governance, women and landless peasants are less involved in water conservation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fighting for recognition<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A legislator in the Sindh province, Rana Ansar, had had enough.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI also belong to a farming family. Years ago, when we faced a water crisis, I took a stand and raised my voice. But I was told to \u2018stay away\u2019 because women don\u2019t have any power in the farmer organisations or in the area water boards,\u201d said Ansar, who proposed an amendment bill in 2018 that covers the role of women in water management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After a three-year struggle, on January 12, 2021, the amendment taken up by MPA Ansar was passed by the Assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The amendments are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • An amendment to Section 30 that includes \u201cTwo prominent women of the AWB command area from a strong farming background in irrigated agriculture and water, preferably a member of Board of Management of any FO\u201d<\/li>
  • An amendment to Section 42 that includes: \u201cTwo women [should be] of the FO command area having strong farming background in irrigated agriculture and water, provided that one-woman member shall be landless\u201d<\/li>
  • In section 56, subsection (1) \u201cIn addition to elected members of WCA, the Board of WCA shall consist of two women members preferably sharecroppers of the same water course, where the WCA is formed\u201d<\/li>
  • An amendment to Section 70 that includes: \u201cTwo women members, one shall be prominent woman activist\/ Lawyer\/journalist and one shall be prominent woman agriculturist.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    The amendment has met with support from many quarters. Genevieve Hussain, a Policy Officer at the FAO, said this recognition is hugely important. Amjad Baloch, the regional coordinator of the Strengthening Participatory Organisation, told a local paper that, prior to this, women were not part of any structure. \u201cNow after the passage of the amendment, women will get representation in around 45,000 water course associations (WCAs), over 350 farmer organisations (FOs), and 14 area water boards (AWBs),\u201d Baloch said. \u201cIt helps in mainstreaming women in water resource management and irrigation structures in the province.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"A<\/div>
    A farmer from one of minority communities called Baghri, harvesting rice crops from village Qasim Solangi, district Hyderabad [image by: Manoj Genani]<\/em><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

    Most importantly women farmers like Khatijan Ghirano, who owns 6 acres of land, were elated. \u201cWomen can save more than men as we know very well the agricultural land and the issues related to water, water courses and distributaries,\u201d she said \u201cOnce we are part of the farmers\u2019 organisation, we will find a way to solve these issues.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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