{"id":20072500,"date":"2021-05-14T00:30:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-13T19:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thethirdpole.net\/?post_type=video&#038;p=72500"},"modified":"2025-11-10T10:18:25","modified_gmt":"2025-11-10T10:18:25","slug":"researcher-studying-springs-himalayas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/water\/researcher-studying-springs-himalayas\/","title":{"rendered":"The life of a researcher studying springs in the Himalayas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>It is a rocky, uneven path down to the spring where the women of Damthang village in South Sikkim go to fetch their water and trudge uphill with filled containers. Still, they are happy their spring \u2013 called Gaddi \u2013 now has enough water: they do not have to walk all the way down to the river, saving them about an hour each trip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trekking up and down with them, Roshan Rathod, research consultant at the International Water Management Institute (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iwmi.cgiar.org\/\">IWMI<\/a>), has learnt how to move on these difficult pathways. She slides down when it is too steep to walk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-map-embed block--map-embed\"><div class=\"block--map-embed__column\"><div class=\"block--map-embed__embed aspect-ratio--16-9\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/548858476\"><\/iframe><\/div><div class=\"block--map-embed__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--map-embed__caption\">(Video: Arijit Sen \/ The Third Pole)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Rathod is in this region of the eastern Himalayas \u2013 at an average elevation of 1,800 metres above sea level \u2013 to study how <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/nepals-mountain-villages\/\">mountain springs<\/a> that have gone dry due to climate change are being <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/uttarakhand-villagers-harvest-rainwater-recharge-springs-avoid-long-walks\/\">rejuvenated<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Indian government\u2019s think-tank <a href=\"http:\/\/www.niti.gov.in\/writereaddata\/files\/document_publication\/doc1.pdf\">Niti Aayog<\/a> estimates about half the springs in the Indian Himalayas have gone dry. There are nearly three million springs in the Indian section of the Himalayas, and they are essential water sources for around 50 million people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rathod is trying to find the best model for springshed management. She has already studied how springs are being revived in nearby villages in West Bengal. After studying Sikkim\u2019s famous <a href=\"https:\/\/niti.gov.in\/writereaddata\/files\/bestpractices\/Dhara%20Vikas%20Creating%20water%20security%20through%20spring-shed%20development%20in%20Sikkim.pdf\">Dhara Vikas<\/a> model of spring rejuvenation, she will move to Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and document and study the rejuvenation of 15 more springs. She is worried about moving around Arunachal Pradesh, where it is difficult to find transport.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-accordion block--accordion\"><span class=\"block--accordion__title\">What is a springshed?<\/span><div class=\"block--accordion__content\"><div class=\"block--accordion__content__inner\">\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>After all of this research in the Himalayas, her report will be submitted to Niti Aayog and may lead to a national policy on springshed management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To prepare her report, Rathod speaks with bureaucrats at state, district and local levels; she speaks with NGOs; most of all, she speaks with communities. She walks to the top of a hill to check the trenches that have been dug to hold rainwater so that it can percolate downwards through the year; she walks downhill to speak with residents, especially the women who fetch water; she walks further downhill to the spring to check how instruments measuring water flow are faring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-article-image aligncenter block--article-image block--article-image--undefined\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--article-image__column\"><div class=\"block--article-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Dhara-Vikas-trenches-Sikkim-India-scaled.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Dhara-Vikas-trenches-Sikkim-India-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Dhara-Vikas-trenches-Sikkim-India-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Dhara-Vikas-trenches-Sikkim-India-scaled.jpg 2560w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 1024px) 1024px, 2560px\" alt=\"Dhara Vikas trenches dug for springshed management, Arijit Sen \/ The Third Pole\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--article-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--article-image__caption\">Trenches dug on the hill where Damthang village is located in South Sikkim. The trenches collect rainwater, which percolates down the inside of the hill and keeps the spring downhill flowing in the dry non-monsoon months (Image: Arijit Sen \/ The Third Pole)<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Dhara-Vikas-trenches-Sikkim-India-scaled.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1707\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Her fieldwork is limited to the summer (March to May in most of India). Monsoon rains can cause landslides; in winter the areas can be snowbound. Since 2016, Rathod has been doing fieldwork in various parts of the Himalayas on water, gender and livelihood issues. As well as the tough terrain, she must negotiate social and cultural taboos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rathod recalls about three years back one of her projects in Uttarakhand involved going to a village on a hilltop, inaccessible by any mode of transport but a two-hour walk carrying all her luggage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-map-embed block--map-embed\"><div class=\"block--map-embed__column\"><div class=\"block--map-embed__embed aspect-ratio--16-9\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/548866787\"><\/iframe><\/div><div class=\"block--map-embed__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--map-embed__caption\">(Video: Arijit Sen \/ The Third Pole)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-gathering-springshed-data\">Gathering springshed data<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Data collection from the field can be a major challenge in the Himalayan region, says Rathod. Residents tell her that water flow in the village spring has increased after trenches were dug on top of the hill. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She and her colleagues reach Gaddi spring and try to retrieve data from a water flow recorder, so they have proof of what they are told. There is data from July 2019 to August 2020, but nothing after that. The recorder\u2019s battery is dead.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-map-embed block--map-embed\"><div class=\"block--map-embed__column\"><div class=\"block--map-embed__embed aspect-ratio--16-9\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/548867810\"><\/iframe><\/div><div class=\"block--map-embed__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--map-embed__caption\">(Video: Arijit Sen \/ The Third Pole)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cSpringshed management is backed by a lot of anecdotal evidence,\u201d says Rathod. \u201cBut getting long-duration data to prove the concept is a challenge. Everyone understands a watershed. A springshed does not really register in policymakers\u2019 minds because of paucity of data.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Subhash Dhakal of Sikkim government is part of the team at Damthang village. There are other problems in data collection, he says. Often, data recorders are stolen, mostly out of curiosity \u2013 the instruments have only junk value in local markets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another team member, Manish Kumar from NGO the Centre for Ecology Development and Research (CEDAR), says: \u201cWe found some instruments washed away by streams. We lost a lot of data, though we got some.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-article-image aligncenter block--article-image block--article-image--undefined\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--article-image__column\"><div class=\"block--article-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/spring-outlet-Damthang-Sikkim-India-scaled.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/spring-outlet-Damthang-Sikkim-India-768x477.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/spring-outlet-Damthang-Sikkim-India-1024x636.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/spring-outlet-Damthang-Sikkim-India-scaled.jpg 2560w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 1024px) 1024px, 2560px\" alt=\"outlet of a spring at Damthang village, Sikkim, Pits and drainage made for springshed management at Rinchengpong area in Sikkim. Image: Arijit Sen \/ The Third Pole\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--article-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--article-image__caption\">The outlet of the village spring, with a device to measure the flow of water. Some residents downhill can install pipes to get water to their homes from here. Others must trudge to this point and back every day to fill containers (Image: Arijit Sen \/ The Third Pole)<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/spring-outlet-Damthang-Sikkim-India-scaled.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"1 MB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1591\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sociocultural-challenges-to-research-in-himalayas\">Sociocultural challenges to research in Himalayas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Most research projects surrounding livelihood in the Himalayan region require the active participation of communities, particularly women. However, women in some of these societies are not part of decision-making, though they are affected the most.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWater collection is traditionally a women\u2019s role,\u201d Rathod points out. \u201cSo, one cannot have a project around water security in the Himalayas without the involvement of women. In many Himalayan states, they are not part of the decision-making process. It is unfortunate that in those places, after years and years of work, you are not able to get women on board because you cannot change social dynamics.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is particularly true in the western Himalayas, with its strong patriarchal traditions. Even female researchers face additional hurdles as a result.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-map-embed block--map-embed\"><div class=\"block--map-embed__column\"><div class=\"block--map-embed__embed aspect-ratio--16-9\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/548868858\"><\/iframe><\/div><div class=\"block--map-embed__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--map-embed__caption\">(Video: Arijit Sen \/ The Third Pole)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAsking questions to men is a big challenge,\u201d says Rathod. \u201cMen find it demeaning to respond to women. Sometimes you also get harassed and abused. Mobilising the community and making them feel that you are not an outsider, and you are here to work with them is a challenge.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some problems are common to all researchers, regardless of gender. \u201cWhen one is in an implementation phase [of a project] on the ground, one can see tangible results. For example, when a trench is being dug, one is able to see the impact of the trench in the spring. But in research we cannot see these results directly. At the end of the day communities ask what the impact of the research will be on them,\u201d Rathod says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-map-embed block--map-embed\"><div class=\"block--map-embed__column\"><div class=\"block--map-embed__embed aspect-ratio--16-9\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/548870413\"><\/iframe><\/div><div class=\"block--map-embed__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--map-embed__caption\">(Video: Arijit Sen \/ The Third Pole)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Given the need for more research in the Himalayan region, Rathod believes the involvement of local communities is important to understand and devise solutions to problems. \u201cYou need to be a part of the community. Researchers should integrate well with the communities.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Roshan Rathod, research consultant at the International Water Management Institute, explains the struggles and importance of field research in the Himalayas<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20000843,"featured_media":20072549,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[50039903],"tags":[20000022,20000628],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000111],"class_list":["post-20072500","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-water","tag-himalayas","tag-science","country-india"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The life of a researcher studying springs in the 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