{"id":28777,"date":"2010-08-16T13:40:00","date_gmt":"2010-08-16T13:40:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-24T10:15:15","modified_gmt":"2020-09-24T10:15:15","slug":"3777-china-s-heavy-metal-challenge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/pollution\/3777-china-s-heavy-metal-challenge\/","title":{"rendered":"China\u2019s heavy-metal challenge"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In April this year, 34 Chinese NGOs, concerned about the growing number of heavy-metal poisoning incidents in the provinces of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hunan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hunan<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shaanxi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Shaanxi<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fujian\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fujian<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jiangsu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jiangsu<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guangdong\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Guangdong<\/a>, initiated a dialogue with 27 of the world\u2019s leading electronics companies. The NGOs were concerned that these companies\u2019 supply chains were contributing to the dumping of heavy metals in China\u2019s water bodies.<\/p>\n<p>Since the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.asiawaterproject.org\/more-editorial\/4893\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">campaign<\/a> was launched, Ma Jun, director of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.ipe.org.cn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs<\/a>(IPE), in collaboration with the NGO coalition, has traded emails and letters with companies such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.samsung.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Samsung<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/welcome.hp.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">HP<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.panasonic.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Panasonic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.intel.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Intel<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nokia.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nokia<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bt.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BT<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.motorola.com\/Consumers\/US-EN\/GLP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Motorola<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vodafone.com\/start\/about_vodafone.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vodafone<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">IBM<\/a>. In June, the NGOs released a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.asiawaterproject.org\/asia-water-project-news\/2978\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report<\/a> detailing the responses the NGOs received from the companies.\u00a0A month later, partly in response to publicity generated by United States-based NGOs <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pacificenvironment.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pacific Environment<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.business-humanrights.org\/Documents\/ITfirmsChinapollution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Business and Human Rights Resource Centre<\/a> (BHRRC), some of the previously reticent companies began to engage with the Chinese NGOs.<\/p>\n<p>Of particular interest has been the Chinese government\u2019s unspoken but clear support for the campaign \u2013 the launch of the first report was released at a seminar organised by <i>Environmental Protection<\/i> magazine, a publication affiliated with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.co.uk\/search?q=Ministry+of+Environmental+Protection+&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;oe=utf-8&amp;aq=t&amp;rls=org.mozilla:en-GB:official&amp;client=firefox-a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ministry of Environmental Protection<\/a> (MEP). The campaign was also extensively reported in Chinese media by CCTV, <i><a href=\"https:\/\/english.peopledaily.com.cn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">People\u2019s Daily<\/a><\/i>, <i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadaily.com.cn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">China Daily<\/a> <\/i>and <i><a href=\"https:\/\/news.cyol.com\/content\/2010-04\/28\/content_3205675.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">China Youth Daily<\/a><\/i>. This tells us two things: first, that the government recognises the issue\u2019s urgency; and second, that it will require support from a variety of stakeholders to resolve it. The coalition of NGOs, according to Ma Jun, has made it clear to the government that these organisations are keen to assist in its efforts to control heavy-metal pollution.<\/p>\n<p>Ma Jun talks to AWP about the roots of this campaign, how it has gained ground and the next steps.<\/p>\n<div>\n<p><strong>AWP: \u00a0How did the campaign start? And how has it escalated?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ma Jun: The whole thing started when we were investigating a series of heavy-metal pollution incidents. In September 2009, IPE met product manufacturers to discuss heavy-metal pollution, and they were open about their links to brand name companies. When we approached one of their buyer brands, they told us that to review the environmental performance of 5,000 suppliers was too much of an effort for them.<\/p>\n<p>It was clear that we needed more information to convince the brands to take this seriously. We went through <a href=\"https:\/\/en.ipe.org.cn\/bdbqy\/index.jsp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">IPE\u2019s database<\/a> to identify companies with heavy metal violations. We found mining companies, tanneries, smelters, chemical companies and quite a few IT manufacturers. The IT companies involved pretty serious cases. We found that many of these IT companies were suppliers to brand-name companies, so we decided to push on ahead with a letter-writing campaign targeting these global companies.<\/p>\n<p>We had help from Pacific Environment and the Business and Human Rights Resource Centre, and we were able to mobilise more than 1,000 Chinese consumers to send letters to companies who did not respond to our letters. [For the list of companies, click <a href=\"https:\/\/www.asiawaterproject.org\/more-editorial\/4893\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a>.] <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Steve_Jobs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Steve Jobs<\/a> received <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/weblogs\/4\/weblog_posts\/124\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1,000 letters<\/a> from Chinese consumers and hundreds more from Americans.<\/p>\n<div><strong>AWP: Why have the consumers taken so quickly to this campaign? <\/strong><\/div>\n<p>MJ: Perhaps they understand the irony of the situation \u2013 that an industry focused on delivering information is lacking precisely this, information. Also, and this is only a guess, it could be that their attachment to these gadgets they use and carry around with them everyday makes this a personal issue.<\/p>\n<p><strong>AWP: Environmental violations are often committed by second-tier suppliers, so brands are unaware of these companies. Considering the intricacies of the IT industry\u2019s supply chain, how should companies drill down it?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>MJ: The first step is actually quite simple. Some of the companies we interacted with don\u2019t know the official Chinese name of their suppliers, which means that they have been unable to use our database to check if any of their suppliers are polluters.<\/p>\n<p>The second step involves rethinking their supply chain management strategy. A good model to use is getting their first-tier suppliers to commit to addressing their environmental issues, and then reviewing their own supply chain. And the second-tier supplier does the same. So you start to go deeper into the supply chain.<\/p>\n<p><strong>AWP: Which companies are moving forward? And which ones need more nudging? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>MJ: Both HP and Samsung, one of the first ones to respond, are moving fast \u2013 they are working to encourage their first-tier suppliers to review their own suppliers. Canon and IBM have also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/weblogs\/4\/weblog_posts\/112?lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">responded<\/a>, saying that they have reviewed their supply chain and are addressing the issue. The next step for these companies is to publicly disclose the problems and corrective actions they have taken.<\/p>\n<p>They also need to begin building a system that will allow them to track the environmental performances of companies, rather than wait for NGOs to alert them. We don\u2019t really want to do this. We don\u2019t want to be seen as being anti-corporate or anti-development. We need these companies to make the products we all use.<\/p>\n<div><strong>AWP: What were the challenges to getting companies to respond? <\/strong><\/div>\n<p>MJ: The secrecy in this industry means companies are less open to dialogue and exchange of information. The customer and supplier relationships are also different and more complex than other industries. Apple, for example, seems to have a policy of not issuing any comments on their suppliers. But they are no worse than others.<\/p>\n<p>Across the board, the industry is secretive and not used to engaging with NGOs. From our experience, we see that \u201cenvironmental commitments\u201d of many IT companies is empty talk. They tell us that they have a supplier code of conduct that says that if their tier-two suppliers have a problem, they will work with their tier-one suppliers to solve this. But many don\u2019t even know who their tier two suppliers are.<\/p>\n<p><strong>AWP: Is this fairly common that global companies will respond to western NGOs before they speak to Chinese groups?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>MJ: Again, I think this behaviour is more pronounced with the IT industry. And also some of the western NGOs have had more contact with this industry compared to Chinese NGOs, so it\u2019s natural that the IT companies engage them first.<\/p>\n<p>Then there\u2019s also the fact that Chinese NGOs are less respected and trusted because many global companies don\u2019t know many Chinese NGOs. We have much to do in this area. The companies need to communicate more with Chinese NGOs. And we NGOs need to make sure our work is science-based, professional and our overall attitude is collaborative.<\/p>\n<div><strong>AWP: What\u2019s the next phase of the campaign? <\/strong><\/div>\n<p>MJ: We are coming out with our third report in August, which will document the communication with the brands, analyse the progress made and the gaps that still exist, and provide recommendations for corrective actions. This report will also form the basis for consumer initiatives. There\u2019s still much to be done!<br \/>\n<em>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.asiawaterproject.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Asia Water Project<\/a> (AWP) is an information portal designed to provide business and investors with relevant information about China\u2019s growing water crisis. It is sponsored by <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.civic-exchange.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Civic Exchange<\/em><\/a><em> and Hong Kong-based <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.admcf.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>ADM Capital Foundation<\/em><\/a>. <em>This article was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.asiawaterproject.org\/more-interviews\/5284\/\">first published<\/a> by the AWP.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Homepage image from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/china\/zh\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Greenpeace China<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A green coalition has been pressing the world\u2019s IT giants to bring their polluting suppliers in China under control. Environmental advocate Ma Jun tells the Asia Water Project about its progress.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":631,"featured_media":54464,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[760],"tags":[],"hashtags":[],"country":[],"class_list":["post-28777","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pollution"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>China\u2019s heavy-metal challenge | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A green coalition has been pressing the world\u2019s IT giants to bring their polluting suppliers in China under control. 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