{"id":33790,"date":"2016-04-05T16:13:00","date_gmt":"2016-04-05T16:13:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-10-20T10:37:34","modified_gmt":"2020-10-20T10:37:34","slug":"8790-how-much-money-does-china-need-to-finance-its-green-revolution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/8790-how-much-money-does-china-need-to-finance-its-green-revolution\/","title":{"rendered":"How much money does China need to finance its green revolution?"},"content":{"rendered":"

When the Pudong\u00a0Development Bank announced\u00a0its\u00a0second round of green bonds in March,\u00a0worth 15 billion yuan (US$2.3 billion),\u00a0China broke a new record.<\/p>\n

China\u00a0now accounts for almost\u00a0half of all green\u00a0bonds issued globally\u00a0in the first quarter of 2016, only three months after the People\u2019s Bank of China announced its new green lending rules.<\/p>\n

The emerging market for green bonds will be followed by the introduction\u00a0of green financing apparatus, which will\u00a0create a new source of climate funding for the country.<\/p>\n

A study, published by the Research Centre for Climate and Energy Finance at the Central University of Finance and Economics in Beijing, has estimated that China\u2019s need for climate financing will peak in 2020, at 2.6\u00a0trillion yuan, or 1.79% of predicted GDP for that year.<\/p>\n

To maintain its trajectory, a further 2.5 trillion yuan per year will be required up to 2030, at which point investors will start seeing returns. The report also predicted that demand for private financing will then fall rapidly to 1.5 trillion yuan a year by 2050.<\/p>\n

It is hard to predict accurately how much external climate financing will flow into China, so\u00a0public funds will provide vital leverage. Systemic\u00a0issues mean there is no short-term solution to the\u00a0funding gap. To begin with<\/span>, differing\u00a0definitions of what makes a “green project”\u00a0and a lack of transparent corporate<\/span>\u00a0data make\u00a0it difficult\u00a0to accurately predict the ratio at which public funding will leverage private investment. <\/span><\/p>\n

Challenges <\/strong><\/p>\n

While traditional financial markets remain the largest potential source of funding, existing policies and sources have made it hard\u00a0to access on a large-scale.<\/p>\n

The profitability of climate adaptation projects is not easy\u00a0estimate, which creates uncertainty that is unattractive to investors. While clean technology is now used in a wider range of sectors, existing statistical methods still struggle to track funding movements promptly. For some investors, the up-front costs of\u00a0infrastructure projects\u00a0are too high, and the investment, too risk.<\/p>\n

Green bonds take off\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Despite the challenges, since 2015 China has made major progress in green financing<\/a>. Almost all top-level policy documents have cited green financing as a component of national strategy.<\/p>\n

Financial markets are eagerly adopting green bonds. On December 22 2015, the People\u2019s Bank of China published a document on the implementation of green bonds, and less than a month later, on January 27 and 28, the Pudong Development Bank and the Industrial Bank issued green bonds with a joint value of 30 billion yuan (US$4.6 billion).<\/p>\n

A robust bond market and strong demand for funding will result on average, in 300 billion yuan\u00a0(US$ 46 billion)\u00a0of green bonds being issued every year up to 2020, supporting green industries\u00a0and supplementing climate financing via the capital markets, say China\u2019s experts.<\/p>\n

As of the end of the third quarter\u00a0of 2016,\u00a053 billion yuan\u00a0(US$8)\u00a0in green finance bonds had been issued on China\u2019s inter-bank markets, accounting for around half of the US$16 billion of these bonds in circulation globally.<\/p>\n

At the international level, multilateral financial bodies are still raising, managing and allocating the lion\u2019s share of public funding. This has generated a huge demand for mainstream funding products that meet the needs of both investors and project developers.<\/p>\n

The role of development banks<\/strong><\/p>\n

Initiatives to cut emissions have been widely embraced, particularly in developing countries. Brazil\u2019s central bank became the first to sign up to the Basel III rules in 2011, requiring the country\u2019s banking sector to take climate risks into consideration when making lending choices. China\u2019s central bank and its regulators have also put similar measures in place.<\/p>\n

Brazil also set up a cross-departmental green bond commission to promote development of the bonds. India\u2019s Securities and Exchange Board issued a concept paper on green bonds in 2015. With the rapid take off of its green bond market, China has drawn particular attention during this round of green finance implementation.<\/p>\n

\n
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Meanwhile, the Asia Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) last year held a public consultation on its environmental and social policies. Multilateral and bilateral groups, such as the World Bank Group and the Asian Development Bank, have integrated consideration of environmental and climate factors into their operations. The International Monetary Fund is also bolstering its role in providing adaptation policy support and offering financial products designed to help vulnerable nations respond to climate change.<\/p>\n

It is mainly the development-orientated financial bodies that are contributing to the climate field. In 2014, half of climate funding, or US$66.5 billion, came from such multilateral or bilateral institutions, a post-2011 peak. With environmental awareness increasing within and among these emerging institutions, such as the AIIB and the BRICS-founded New Development Bank, further increases are expected after 2016.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

China has committed to peak carbon emissions by 2030 but will require the\u00a0mass mobilisation of private sector cash to do so, writes Xu Nan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1088,"featured_media":58617,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[758,761],"tags":[504,512,544,547,597],"hashtags":[],"country":[],"class_list":["post-33790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","category-climate","tag-aiib","tag-brics","tag-finance","tag-fossil-fuels","tag-technology"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow much money does China need to finance its green revolution? | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"China has committed to peak carbon emissions by 2030 but will require the\u00a0mass mobilisation of private sector cash to do so, writes Xu Nan\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/8790-how-much-money-does-china-need-to-finance-its-green-revolution\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How much money does China need to finance its green revolution?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"China has committed to peak carbon emissions by 2030 but will require the\u00a0mass mobilisation of private sector cash to do so, writes Xu Nan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/8790-how-much-money-does-china-need-to-finance-its-green-revolution\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dialogue Earth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-04-05T16:13:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-10-20T10:37:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/rmb.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"550\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"367\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Nan Xu\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/8790-how-much-money-does-china-need-to-finance-its-green-revolution\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/8790-how-much-money-does-china-need-to-finance-its-green-revolution\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Nan Xu\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/05e8573dab355d69f785500775c1a66d\"},\"headline\":\"How much money does China need to finance its green revolution?\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-04-05T16:13:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-10-20T10:37:34+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/8790-how-much-money-does-china-need-to-finance-its-green-revolution\/\"},\"wordCount\":779,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/8790-how-much-money-does-china-need-to-finance-its-green-revolution\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/rmb.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"AIIB\",\"BRICS\",\"Finance\",\"Fossil fuels\",\"Technology\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Business\",\"Climate\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/8790-how-much-money-does-china-need-to-finance-its-green-revolution\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/8790-how-much-money-does-china-need-to-finance-its-green-revolution\/\",\"name\":\"How much money does China need to finance its green revolution? 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