{"id":33914,"date":"2016-05-13T13:56:00","date_gmt":"2016-05-13T13:56:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-10-15T19:33:06","modified_gmt":"2020-10-15T19:33:06","slug":"8914-india-s-smaller-cities-bear-the-brunt-of-toxic-air-says-report","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/pollution\/8914-india-s-smaller-cities-bear-the-brunt-of-toxic-air-says-report\/","title":{"rendered":"India\u2019s smaller cities bear the brunt of toxic air, says report"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-821a04ac-aa67-c6ee-058d-ce955c37fb81\">Deteriorating air quality in India has placed 14 of the country\u2019s cities in the top 30 of the world\u2019s most polluted urban areas, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/news\/releases\/2016\/air-pollution-rising\/en\/\">new data<\/a> from the World Health Organisation (WHO) showed this week.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-821a04ac-aa67-c6ee-058d-ce955c37fb81\">The organisation released the data<\/span> on May 12 on levels of particulate matter in 3,000 cities in 103 countries, figures that are often <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/environment\/air\/quality\/\">cited<\/a> by those seeking tougher action against smog. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-821a04ac-aa67-c6ee-058d-ce955c37fb81\">Global air pollution levels rose as much as 8% in the five years between 2008 and 2013, the figures show, with people in developing countries having to endure the worst impacts of increasing use of coal, vehicle fuels, construction materials and fertilisers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Manmade pollutants combine&nbsp;with dust storms and dry, still weather conditions to create the worst instances of toxic air. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"406\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/magic.piktochart.com\/embed\/13785243-top-polluted-cities-in-the-world\" style=\"overflow-y:hidden;\" width=\"560\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-821a04ac-aa67-c6ee-058d-ce955c37fb81\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2016\/may\/12\/which-are-the-worlds-two-most-polluted-cities-and-why\">Zabol<\/a>, a small city near <\/span>Iran\u2019s increasingly arid border with Afghanistan, topped the list, with Gwalior and Allahabad in India ranking second and third.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-821a04ac-aa67-c6ee-058d-ce955c37fb81\">Patna and Raipur were placed sixth and seventh, underlining that smaller cities in the world\u2019s second most-populous country are bearing the brunt of smog and toxic air.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u201cUrban air pollution continues to rise at an alarming rate, wreaking havoc on human health,\u201d said Maria Neira, a WHO director.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAt the same time, awareness is rising and more cities are monitoring their air quality. When air quality improves, global respiratory and cardiovascular-related illnesses decrease,\u201d she added.<\/p>\n<p>Air pollution causes more than 3 million premature deaths worldwide every year,&nbsp;and disproportionately affects the young, old and poor, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/news\/releases\/2016\/air-pollution-rising\/en\/\">WHO<\/a> report said.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-821a04ac-aa67-c6ee-058d-ce955c37fb81\">As urban air quality declines, the risk of stroke, heart disease, lung cancer and chronic and acute respiratory diseases, including asthma, increases for the people who live in them, the WHO added.<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span>Urban air pollution also has&nbsp;other negative effects, such as when PM&nbsp;10 particles deflect heat and make urban areas warmer, contributing to climate change in lower altitudes, the report said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"420\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/magic.piktochart.com\/embed\/13785288-top-polluted-cities-in-india-china-pakistan\" style=\"overflow-y:hidden;\" width=\"560\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The WHO figures show that China, the country that had become the most synonymous with air pollution, has delivered&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2016\/may\/12\/air-pollution-rising-at-an-alarming-rate-in-worlds-cities\">improvements its air quality<\/a>&nbsp;since 2011 \u2013 albeit from a low baseline.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-821a04ac-aa67-c6ee-058d-ce955c37fb81\">Five of its cities (all in heavily-industrialised <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/en\/8620-Hebei-s-lung-cancer-spike-raises-questions-about-role-of-pollution-\">Hebei&nbsp;province<\/a>) are in the top 30, with fast growing cities in Pakistan, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia and Iran&nbsp;also on the list of most-polluted urban areas with the highest levels of PM 2.5, tiny and&nbsp;toxic&nbsp;particles that are drawn deep into the lungs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>In Indian cities levels of larger PM&nbsp;10 (mostly dust, sand and soot) are also severe, signalling the need for tougher measures in large and smaller cities, said Indian campaigners.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis indicates air pollution is now a national crisis and needs strict and aggressive nation-wide action across all cities of India,\u201d Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director at Centre for Science and Environment,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/cseindia.org\/content\/delhi-drops-out-dubious-list-10-most-polluted-cities-world\">said in a statement<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-821a04ac-aa67-c6ee-058d-ce955c37fb81\">Delhi\u2019s air quality has improved (again, from a low baseline) since it was ranked the world\u2019s most polluted city in the WHO\u2019s 2014 global database.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The Indian capital city now ranks 11th this year, with annual average PM2.5 levels falling by 20% since 2013.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/en\/8553-New-Delhi-s-traffic-scheme-inspires-despite-mixed-results\">Air policy action<\/a> has started kicking in \u2013 with an environment compensation charge on trucks, action against other sources. We are responding to action but the levels are still very high in the city, it only shows that action has to be sustained to meet clean targets,\u201d Roychowdhury&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/city\/delhi\/Delhi-no-more-the-most-polluted-city-in-the-world-says-WHO-report\/articleshow\/52232427.cms\">told the&nbsp;Times of India<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-821a04ac-aa67-c6ee-058d-ce955c37fb81\"><strong>China\u2019s cluster<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>For China, their rankings show that much still needs to be done in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/en\/8616-Hebei-s-war-on-pollution-starts-to-show-results-but-huge-task-remains\">Hebei<\/a>, which last week was upbraided by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globaltimes.cn\/content\/981237.shtml\">central government inspectors<\/a> for not doing enough to close polluting factories.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-821a04ac-aa67-c6ee-058d-ce955c37fb81\">The five Chinese cities in the top 30, <\/span>Xingtai, Baoding, Shijiazhuang, Handan, Hengshui and Tangshan, are major centres in industries &nbsp;such as coal mining, iron and steel, chemicals, cement and building materials \u2013 sectors that central government is trying to rein in because of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/en\/8737-China-reaches-for-the-safety-net-as-heavy-industry-culls-jobs\">overcapacity<\/a> and their role in causing pollution. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-821a04ac-aa67-c6ee-058d-ce955c37fb81\">The province\u2019s pollution is also caused by antiquated coal-fired boilers used during the cold winter months, while many <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/en\/8567-Beijing-s-car-controls-not-enough-to-beat-the-smog\">vehicles<\/a> use poor quality fuel. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\n<span id=\"docs-internal-guid-821a04ac-aa67-c6ee-058d-ce955c37fb81\"><em>This article was published originally on India Climate Dialogue and can be found <\/em><\/span><em><a href=\"https:\/\/indiaclimatedialogue.net\/2016\/05\/12\/indian-air-pollution-cross-hazardous-levels\/\">here<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Indian cities\u00a0predominate in updated list of the world\u2019s 30 most polluted<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1964,"featured_media":58703,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[760],"tags":[520],"hashtags":[],"country":[],"class_list":["post-33914","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pollution","tag-coal"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>India\u2019s smaller cities bear the brunt of toxic air, says report | Dialogue 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He is a graduate in history from Trinity College Dublin and studied newspaper journalism at the University of Ulster, Belfast.","url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/author\/johnmcgarrity\/","sameAs":["https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/author\/johnmcgarrity\/"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33914","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1964"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33914"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33914\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/58703"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33914"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33914"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33914"},{"taxonomy":"hashtags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hashtags?post=33914"},{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country?post=33914"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}