{"id":34556,"date":"2017-01-20T12:06:00","date_gmt":"2017-01-20T12:06:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-09-23T14:51:24","modified_gmt":"2020-09-23T14:51:24","slug":"9556-residents-sceptical-as-city-blames-their-cooking-for-toxic-air","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/pollution\/9556-residents-sceptical-as-city-blames-their-cooking-for-toxic-air\/","title":{"rendered":"Residents sceptical as city blames their cooking for toxic air"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-903a41b2-ac51-011b-9dec-6e5349139959\">Environmentalists and citizens alike are questioning the official explanation for the alarmingly high concentrations of sulfur dioxide that have recently plagued Linfen, a city in northern China\u2019s Shanxi province.<\/span><br \/>\n<span id=\"docs-internal-guid-903a41b2-ac51-011b-9dec-6e5349139959\">\u200b<br \/>\nZhang Wenqing, deputy chief of the municipal environmental protection bureau,&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lfxww.com\/linfen\/ft\/2556638.html\">told<\/a>&nbsp;a local reporter early January that \u201c70 percent of sulfur dioxide emissions come from citizens\u2019 coal use.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-903a41b2-ac51-011b-9dec-6e5349139959\">Cooking stoves are a favourite scapegoat of local Chinese governments during times of smog. Beijing authorities on January 9, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/news.qq.com\/a\/20170109\/022604.htm\">advised<\/a>&nbsp;residents not to cook when there is heavy air pollution, and in September 2016, the government of Baoding, a city near Beijing, even&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bd.gov.cn\/content-159-106235.html\">forbade<\/a>&nbsp;its citizens from cooking with coal in an effort to limit smog.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-903a41b2-ac51-011b-9dec-6e5349139959\">Zhang\u2019s remarks came in response to residents expressing alarm over the city\u2019s extremely high pollution levels. On January 4, netizen \u201cChina Weather Lover\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.weibo.com\/1763864272\/EpiMvnJOm?from=page_1005051763864272_profile&amp;wvr=6&amp;mod=weibotime&amp;type=comment#_rnd1483933588100\">posted<\/a>&nbsp;on his Weibo microblog about Linfen\u2019s sulfur dioxide levels, which are measured in micrograms per cubic metre. \u201cMost other cities have a two-digit number, while Linfen\u2019s is 1,152,\u201d he wrote, attaching a screenshot of a map comparing Linfen to other cities in China.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/2060\/linfen-city-air-pollution-controversy-001.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/2060\/linfen-city-air-pollution-controversy-001.jpg\" style=\"width: 560px; height: 383px;\"><\/a><br \/>\n<span class=\"caption\">A map shows sulfur dioxide levels across China. Levels in Linfen, Shanxi province, reached 1,152 micrograms per cubic metre&nbsp;on Jan. 4, 2017. @zhongguoqixiangaihaozhe from Weibo<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-903a41b2-ac51-011b-9dec-6e5349139959\">On the afternoon of January 9, the deputy mayor of Linfen apologised to the public for recent events, according to a report&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lfhb.gov.cn\/main\/News.asp?NewsID=2435\">posted<\/a>&nbsp;on the city\u2019s environmental protection bureau website.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-903a41b2-ac51-011b-9dec-6e5349139959\">In front of television cameras and reporters, Yan Jianguo said he accepted the recent criticism from the public and media, and outlined new policies that included improving the communication of information about air quality to citizens, increasing awareness of pollution-related health risks, and better controlling the sources of harmful pollutants.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Sulfur dioxide is a gas produced by the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and oil. According to the World Health Organization, high levels of sulfur dioxide can&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs313\/en\/\">harm<\/a>&nbsp;the respiratory system and are linked to upticks in hospital admissions for cardiac disease. WHO guidelines state that long-term levels should be below 20, and that people should not be exposed to concentrations exceeding 500 for more than 10 minutes.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-903a41b2-ac51-011b-9dec-6e5349139959\">In comparison, sulfur dioxide concentrations in Linfen were higher than 700 for hours at a time in early January, according to data from aqistudy.cn, a weather data website operated by a nongovernmental organisation. The highest recorded concentration was 1,331 on the evening of January 4.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Li Ting, a postdoctoral meteorology researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, further raised awareness of the issue by posting two articles on social media warning people of the dangers of high sulfur dioxide levels. In her second&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/yBkYlADobq-S4FNev_kaHw\">post<\/a>, she mentioned being frustrated after calling the Linfen environmental protection hotline.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-903a41b2-ac51-011b-9dec-6e5349139959\">\u201cI can feel their arrogance during the phone calls,\u201d Li said of the officials she spoke to. \u201cThey replied very politely but did not provide any useful information.\u201d The post was deleted from Weibo within 12 hours but remains available on Li\u2019s public account on messaging app WeChat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The explanation by local official Zhang has done little to assuage the public\u2019s concerns. \u201cPeople have used coal for years and still use it every day,\u201d wrote one&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.weibo.com\/laojia800223\">user<\/a>. \u201cWhy are the numbers so high this year?\u201d<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-903a41b2-ac51-011b-9dec-6e5349139959\">Dong Liansai, a climate and energy campaigner at environmental organisation Greenpeace East Asia, told <em>Sixth Tone<\/em> he also questions the official explanation that household coal burning was the main culprit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u201cAccording to Greenpeace analysis, on days outside of heating seasons, when the residential heating is unlikely to happen, Linfen is still one of the biggest hotspots of sulfur dioxide in China,\u201d Dong told <em>Sixth Tone<\/em>. He also referred to a map from NASA showing heightened sulfur dioxide levels in the region over a seven-month period in 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/2063\/linfen-city-air-pollution-controversy-002.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/2063\/linfen-city-air-pollution-controversy-002.jpg\" style=\"width: 560px; height: 569px;\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) statistics&nbsp;for Shanxi province seen by <em>Sixth Tone<\/em> also show that power stations and industries were the two main sources of sulfur dioxide emissions in 2014, at&nbsp;45.6% and 32.6% respectively.<\/p>\n<p>Ma Jun, founder and director of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs (IPE), an environment watchdog, told <em>Sixth Tone<\/em> that Zhang\u2019s remark&nbsp;is hard to verify, as Linfen rarely publishes information on emissions by local businesses.<\/p>\n<p>Ma said Linfen has failed to adhere to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mep.gov.cn\/gkml\/hbb\/bwj\/201308\/t20130801_256772.htm\">regulations<\/a>&nbsp;published by the MEP in 2013 that&nbsp;require&nbsp;companies that are major polluters to publish their emissions data under supervision by the local government. The municipality ranked 118 out of 120 Chinese cities in IPE\u2019s 2015-2016 Pollution Information Transparency&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wwwoa.ipe.org.cn\/Upload\/201611160153221171.pdf\">Index<\/a>.<br \/>\n<span id=\"docs-internal-guid-903a41b2-ac51-011b-9dec-6e5349139959\">\u200b<br \/>\nSulfur dioxide levels in Linfen have since declined. Dong of Greenpeace said a government&nbsp;emergency response&nbsp;has triggered a shutdown of high-emissions industries, but that these short-term measures cannot meet the long-term goal of guaranteeing clean air.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u201cOnly by strong supervision and enhanced monitoring can the Ministry of Environment Protection end the game of cat and mouse, and put the duty of compliance back to the industry owners,\u201d Dong said.<\/p>\n<p><em><span>This article is republished from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sixthtone.com\/news\/linfen-city-air-pollution-controversy\">Sixth Tone <\/a><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linfen official names households burning coal as main culprits, but NGOs say heavy industry and lax oversight are responsible, writes Yang Yiwei<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2667,"featured_media":59291,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[760],"tags":[],"hashtags":[],"country":[],"class_list":["post-34556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pollution"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Residents sceptical as city blames their cooking for toxic air | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Linfen official names households burning coal as main culprits, but NGOs say heavy industry and lax oversight are responsible, writes Yang Yiwei\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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