{"id":40077025,"date":"2018-07-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-07-22T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/china-dialogue-ocean-staging.darkbluehq.com\/uncategorized\/3973-what-are-the-opportunities-for-eu-china-ocean-cooperation\/"},"modified":"2022-02-10T23:00:33","modified_gmt":"2022-02-10T17:30:33","slug":"3973-what-are-the-opportunities-for-eu-china-ocean-cooperation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/ocean\/3973-what-are-the-opportunities-for-eu-china-ocean-cooperation\/","title":{"rendered":"What&#8217;s next for EU-China ocean cooperation?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The European Union and China agreed on July 17 at their annual summit to <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/fisheries\/eu-and-china-sign-landmark-partnership-oceans_en\">work together<\/a> to tackle the ocean crisis. We asked a panel of Chinese and international experts to assess the value of the commitments in resolving illegal and unsustainable fishing, pollution and climate change.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Wang Yamin, associate professor at Marine College of Shandong University, Weihai<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This partnership is a major step forward and sets out general lines for future collaboration in the following areas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in the high seas.<\/li>\n<li>The fight against marine pollution, including marine plastic litter and microplastics.<\/li>\n<li>The mitigation of and adaption to climate change impacts on the ocean, including the Arctic Ocean.<\/li>\n<li>The conservation of Antarctic marine living resources.<\/li>\n<li>Fisheries governance in regional and global fora, and the prevention of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Chen Jiliang, researcher at Greenovation Hub, a non-governmental organisation based in Beijing<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>When it comes to marine cooperation, China has fewer conflicts over sensitive issues with the EU than it does with the US, and therefore fewer misgivings about cooperating with the EU.<\/p>\n<p>The EU is an advocate for marine reserves and has <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/3925-can-the-eu-and-china-work-together-in-antarctica\/\">proposed new ones<\/a> on the high seas and in Antarctic waters. However, China has concerns over large marine reserves. At this point, a mechanism for high-level policy dialogue and cooperative efforts on science, technology and logistics would, if established, promote each other.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, both China and the EU have huge fishing fleets working off Africa, and they are key partners in the sustainable development of the continent. China and the EU could cooperate on supporting some less capable African nations, for example by building a sustainable fisheries management system in Senegal, ensuring all three parties benefit.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The debate around \u2018conservation versus sustainable use\u2019 is hindering progress toward stronger ocean governance.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Li Shuo, senior climate policy and ocean expert at Greenpeace East Asia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u202aThe EU-China ocean partnership should not be a marriage of convenience but one that can \u202achannel multilateralism into action. With a vast number of issues to address, protecting our ocean requires urgent cooperation between Beijing and its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanprogress.org\/issues\/green\/reports\/2018\/05\/21\/451064\/blue-future\/\">international counterparts<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Earlier this year, the Chinese fishery authority publicly <a href=\"http:\/\/www.moa.gov.cn\/govpublic\/YYJ\/201805\/t20180528_6143185.htm\">punished<\/a> a number of companies for illegal fishing. Some of their actions were reported by the EU. The accountability of the Chinese authorities in dealing with these cases should serve as the basis for further trust-building.<\/p>\n<p>Similar to the \u2018common but differentiated responsibilities\u2019 debate on climate change, the debate around \u2018conservation versus sustainable use\u2019 is hindering progress toward stronger ocean governance. In regulating some of the extraterritorial areas such as the high seas and polar regions, China and the EU need to find the right balance between protection and utilisation.<\/p>\n<p>In the area of marine plastics, the EU and China are front and centre of the problem. Early momentum in reducing the use of plastic products should be seized, taking into account the fragmented nature of China\u2019s regulatory regime.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Zhu Zhengguang is UNDP environment officer in the Yellow Sea Large Marine Ecosystem Phase II Project<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This partnership not only sets out general lines but also focuses on specific areas such as managing marine litter, including plastics. Cooperation is focused on fisheries and living marine resources. In the Antarctic, krill and other endangered species might be the priority.<\/p>\n<p>We also need to consider areas that were unmentioned in the agreement, such as transboundary marine spatial planning and information sharing to promote sustainable economic growth, and cooperating on marine protected areas through capacity building and networking.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Ryan Penney, maritime policy analyst at China Policy, a research and strategic advisory group, Beijing<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cooperation on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/port-state-measures\/en\/\">Port State Measures<\/a> remains one of the most critical issues, as any international agreement to prevent IUU fishing cannot work if illegal catch is easily\u00a0landed and sold directly into one of the world&#8217;s largest markets. China still has some way to go in establishing effective port regulations for both its own and international vessels.<\/p>\n<p>For example, its latest changes to Port State Measures proposals at the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission\u00a0(WCPFC) last December, asking only for the measures to apply at \u2018self-designated\u2019 ports. This specific amendment does not come as a surprise and reflects China\u2019s current lack of adequate nationwide port infrastructure to support such regulation.<\/p>\n<p>As obstructionist as their actions have been on this matter, it has made steps to improve its domestic situation. This year China has issued an interconnected \u2018National Coastal Fishing Port Construction Plan 2018-25\u2019, upcoming \u2018Regulations on Fishing Port management and Supervision\u2019 and port supervision and safety training courses in order to build a better base for port controls. As expected these ambitious plans are far from complete, and provide key areas for cooperation between EU-China to increase the efficacy and sustainability of China\u2019s port regulation systems.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Andrea Kavanagh,<\/strong> <strong>director, Protecting Antarctica&#8217;s Southern Ocean programme at the Pew Charitable Trusts, Washington DC<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Recent scientific analysis finds the Southern Ocean is experiencing species declines at a similar rate to the rest of the planet.<\/p>\n<p>This signals the need for the\u00a0EU, China and the other countries that belong to the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) to establish a network of marine protected areas (MPAs) throughout the Southern Ocean.<\/p>\n<p>Two MPA proposals are currently being considered for designation in 2018 \u2013 one protecting the vast, ecologically important East Antarctic coastal region, which would safeguard Ad\u00e9lie penguin colonies and allow for more research into the effects of climate change in the area; the other in the Weddell Sea, which is home to one-third of all emperor penguin hatchlings and perhaps most importantly, it is the birthplace of nutrient-rich\u00a0currents that flow around the world.<\/p>\n<p>Additionally, the need for future marine protections in the Antarctic Peninsula is critical because for decades, commercial fishing fleets have focused almost exclusively on krill, directly <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/3891-krill-fishers-agree-to-partial-ban-in-antarctic\/\">threatening the food supply<\/a> and habitat where breeding penguins nest and forage. Krill are the centre of the entire Southern Ocean food web. A network of MPAs would ensure that krill continue to be available for penguins and other species throughout the Southern Ocean.<\/p>\n<p>A network of MPAs would ensure that these intact and biodiverse regions are preserved for science and conservation purposes. And the collective area covered by a network of MPAs would also significantly contribute to the goal of protecting 30% of the world\u2019s oceans. The clock is ticking on putting in place protections that can help ensure a vibrant marine ecosystem.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The\u00a0EU-China partnership should champion transparency as the most cost-effective and efficient means to target rogue IUU fishing<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Steve Trent, executive director of the UK-based\u00a0Environmental Justice Foundation, which promotes the resolution of human rights abuses and related environmental issues <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing is pushing the world&#8217;s fisheries to the brink of collapse, losing the world up to US$23.5 billion a year. The\u00a0EU\u00a0and China are both central to the fight to stop it. They are two of the world&#8217;s largest seafood markets and possess two of the most significant distant water fleets.<\/p>\n<p>Their markets buy high-risk species, like shrimp from South-east Asia, and their vessels operate in areas vulnerable to IUU fishing such as West Africa, where the practice threatens the food security and livelihoods of coastal communities.<\/p>\n<p>IUU fishing thrives in the shadows. To fight it, the\u00a0EU-China partnership should champion transparency as the most cost-effective and efficient means to target rogue IUU fishing operations, while rewarding responsible businesses.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A round-up of views from Chinese and international experts<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":40066701,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[50039901],"tags":[50040720,40027778],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000110],"class_list":["post-40077025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ocean","tag-geopolitics","tag-marine-protection","country-china"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What&#039;s next for EU-China ocean cooperation? 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