{"id":40077134,"date":"2019-11-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-10T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/china-dialogue-ocean-staging.darkbluehq.com\/uncategorized\/11585-majority-of-global-fishing-subsidies-harmful-report-finds\/"},"modified":"2022-02-10T23:01:27","modified_gmt":"2022-02-10T17:31:27","slug":"11585-majority-of-global-fishing-subsidies-harmful-report-finds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/ocean\/11585-majority-of-global-fishing-subsidies-harmful-report-finds\/","title":{"rendered":"Majority of global fishing subsidies &#8216;harmful&#8217;, report finds"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Billions of dollars of damaging subsidies continue to be poured into fishing every year, despite governments agreeing long-standing goals to eliminate them. The money makes fuel cheaper and increases capacity so boats catch more fish. Analysts say the subsidies make fishing seem more profitable than it really is and are driving a global decline in fish populations.<\/p>\n<p>In the most up-to-date and comprehensive survey of fishing subsidies produced to date, an international team of scientists found that $35 billion of public money went into fishery subsidies in 2018. It classified $22 billion of that as harmful because it went towards increasing catch capacity.<\/p>\n<p>Published in the journal Marine Policy last month, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0308597X19303677\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0308597X19303677\">analysis<\/a> found that fuel subsidies represent nearly a quarter (22%) of all financial support provided to fishing fleets.<\/p>\n<p>Fuel subsidies are widely considered among the most harmful because they make it affordable for more vessels to spend the time at sea necessary to chase down dwindling fish populations.<\/p>\n<p><iframe style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px;\" src=\"https:\/\/public.flourish.studio\/visualisation\/907673\/embed\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%!; margin-top: 4px!important; text-align: right!important;\"><\/div>\n<p>The survey comes as negotiators at the World Trade Organisation (WTO) <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/8991-china-wto-fishing-subsidies-deadline\/\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/8991-china-wto-fishing-subsidies-deadline\/\">race against a self-imposed deadline<\/a> to agree a way to scrap all harmful subsidies by the end of this year, against a backdrop of a global ocean still being drained of fish. More than 90% of fish stocks are at maximum sustainable levels or overfished, according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation.<\/p>\n<p>The survey suggests that won\u2019t improve any time soon. \u201cI was disappointed,\u201d says Prof <span class=\"scayt-misspell-word\" data-scayt-word=\"Rashid\" data-wsc-lang=\"en_GB\" data-wsc-id=\"k2ug8c42tlbp1dl8o\">Rashid<\/span> <span class=\"scayt-misspell-word\" data-scayt-word=\"Sumaila\" data-wsc-lang=\"en_GB\" data-wsc-id=\"k2ug8c3yz262cqpzs\">Sumaila<\/span>, a fisheries policy expert at the University of British Columbia, Canada, who led the new analysis. \u201cThere was a decline in subsidies overall, but it\u2019s in the wrong place.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Not all of the $35 billion public support for the fishing industry is harmful, he says. Some of the cash \u2013 known as beneficial subsidies \u2013 pays for efforts to promote conservation and sustainable fishery management. At the other end of the scale are the damaging payments: fuel subsidies such as tax exemptions.<\/p>\n<p>Then there are what <span class=\"scayt-misspell-word\" data-scayt-word=\"Sumaila\u2019s\" data-wsc-lang=\"en_GB\" data-wsc-id=\"k2ug8d3grqmou716s\">Sumaila\u2019s<\/span> research identifies as ambiguous subsidies, which could in theory either help prevent or encourage overfishing, depending on the circumstances. Take for example a project launched in Bangladesh to support the livelihoods of fishers and other vulnerable people at difficult times. Implemented without care, such social safety net programmes could merely attract more people to fish the same waters.<\/p>\n<p>The Marine Policy analysis shows that, where nations have made cuts to subsidies, the reductions have been mainly to this ambiguous category. So, compared with a similar survey carried out a decade ago, <span class=\"scayt-misspell-word\" data-scayt-word=\"Sumaila\" data-wsc-lang=\"en_GB\" data-wsc-id=\"k2ug8ef8n4kqxjbnp\">Sumaila<\/span> says that damaging subsidies now represent a greater proportion of the whole. (Overall subsidies in 2009 were measured at $41 billion but <span class=\"scayt-misspell-word\" data-scayt-word=\"Sumaila\" data-wsc-lang=\"en_GB\" data-wsc-id=\"k2ug8ef87tnvqkamm\">Sumaila<\/span> says that, while that might suggest an overall reduction, it\u2019s not a fair comparison as the data was gathered in a different way.)<\/p>\n<div class='cdo-shortcode--image'><a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/4a_IUU_subsidies_examples-logo.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9017\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/4a_IUU_subsidies_examples-logo.png\" alt=\"Three harmful fishing subsidies\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1016\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<p>The results showed that Asia offers the largest subsidies to its fleets. The continent contributed 55% of the global total, followed by Europe (18%) and North America (13%). China was the largest single contributor, making 21% of the global subsidy payments, followed by the USA (10%) and Korea (9%). Those numbers represent quite different approaches and impacts, <span class=\"scayt-misspell-word\" data-scayt-word=\"Sumaila\" data-wsc-lang=\"en_GB\" data-wsc-id=\"k2ug8ei69c399ehni\">Sumaila<\/span> says. Subsidies from China and Korea are mostly classified as damaging, while those from the US government tend to be beneficial.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cChina is so big that if it doesn\u2019t fix issues related to its fishing then we\u2019re in trouble,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p>China has by far the world\u2019s biggest fishing\u00a0fleet, with more than 270,000 vessels, and an annual catch of 18 million tonnes, according to a <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.iied.org\/pdfs\/16654IIED.pdf\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/pubs.iied.org\/pdfs\/16654IIED.pdf\">separate analysis of fishing subsidies<\/a> published earlier this year by the International Institute for Environment and Development.<\/p>\n<p>This dwarfs the 5 million tonnes landed by Europe, 4 million by Russia and 4 million by the US. China says it will cut fuel subsidies by 40%, and also plans to reduce the size of its overseas fleet.<\/p>\n<p>Isabel Jarrett, who heads a campaign to end damaging fishing subsidies run by the Pew Charitable Trusts, which funded the new analysis, says China draws much of the criticism because of its size. \u201cBut it\u2019s not the only one. We need political leadership. If leaders and ministers from governments around the world are serious about fulfilling their international obligations, they need to publicly make clear that commitment to ending harmful fishery subsidies. And similarly, they need to ensure they give that message to their officials.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The WTO first formally recognised the need to reform fishing subsidies back in 2001. Negotiations increased after the UN introduced a set of Sustainable Development Goals (<span class=\"scayt-misspell-word\" data-scayt-word=\"SDGs\" data-wsc-lang=\"en_GB\" data-wsc-id=\"k2ug8dyoabbquw0lu\">SDGs<\/span>) in 2015. Among them, SDG 14.6 calls for the prohibition by 2020 of subsidies that contribute to overfishing and illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing. In 2017, the WTO converted that to a pledge to reach an agreement on how to do this by the end of 2019. Such a WTO action would be legally binding, but <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/8991-china-wto-fishing-subsidies-deadline\/\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/8991-china-wto-fishing-subsidies-deadline\/\">progress has been slow<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class='cdo-shortcode--image'><a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/5a_IUU_2020goal-logo.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9019\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/5a_IUU_2020goal-logo.png\" alt=\"UN commitment to ending harmful fishing subsidies\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1016\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<p>Negotiators are meeting again at the WTO Geneva headquarters this month to resume talks. Speaking at the previous round of talks in Geneva in October, WTO head Roberto <span class=\"scayt-misspell-word\" data-scayt-word=\"Azevedo\" data-wsc-lang=\"en_GB\" data-wsc-id=\"k2ug8e1pgl0xlorvy\">Azevedo<\/span> said: \u201cIf we do not meet this deadline, our\u00a0marine resources\u00a0will not wait, they will continue to decline and this should be of pressing concern to all of us.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"scayt-misspell-word\" data-scayt-word=\"Sumaila\" data-wsc-lang=\"en_GB\" data-wsc-id=\"k2ug8e53acuzfu2lt\">Sumaila<\/span>, who was at the October talks, says he left them more optimistic about the chances of a deal. \u201cThere is so much pressure on the negotiators. They need a deal and I think it will be substantial,\u201d he says. \u201cBut I think it will be early next year when they actually come to a decision.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"scayt-misspell-word\" data-scayt-word=\"Jarrett\" data-wsc-lang=\"en_GB\" data-wsc-id=\"k2ug8e86o502jb2kl\">Jarrett<\/span> agrees: \u201cWe have a political mandate. What needs to happen now is action.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/og8N-EslUPQ\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The campaign to cement that action into a workable agreement has the backing of David <span class=\"scayt-misspell-word\" data-scayt-word=\"Attenborough\" data-wsc-lang=\"en_GB\" data-wsc-id=\"k2ug8ebjlovtv0l27\">Attenborough<\/span>, the veteran naturalist and broadcaster. In a video shown at the October meeting, he said: \u201cWe can turn this around right now&#8230; It is time to put an end to subsidies that harm our oceans.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Subsidies damaging to fish populations have increased as a proportion of global total, despite UN push to end them by 2020<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":40065328,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[50039901],"tags":[560,40027748,40027767],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000110,50040700],"class_list":["post-40077134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ocean","tag-law","tag-overfishing","tag-subsidies","country-china","country-united-states-of-america"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - 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