{"id":40090190,"date":"2021-06-29T09:20:29","date_gmt":"2021-06-29T03:50:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/china-dialogue-ocean-staging.darkbluehq.com\/uncategorized\/17785-ocean-back-in-spotlight-after-covid-disruption\/"},"modified":"2022-02-10T23:02:22","modified_gmt":"2022-02-10T17:32:22","slug":"17785-ocean-back-in-spotlight-after-covid-disruption","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/ocean\/17785-ocean-back-in-spotlight-after-covid-disruption\/","title":{"rendered":"Ocean back in spotlight after Covid disruption"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The world cannot afford to further delay action to protect the ocean, governments and conservationists agreed this month at a series of UN conferences. They called for \u201ctransformative\u201d and actionable solutions following delays and cancellations caused by the pandemic last year.<\/p>\n<p>The UN\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/sdgs.un.org\/goals\/goal14\">Sustainable Development Goal 14<\/a> (SDG 14) lists targets to reduce pollution, protect marine ecosystems, tackle illegal fishing and overfishing, and oversee sustainable resource use. But progress so far has been limited.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mpatlas.org\/\">Only 8%<\/a> of the ocean is currently protected, a third of fish stocks are <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/documents\/card\/en\/c\/ca9229en\">overexploited<\/a>, and climate change is increasing ocean acidification and deoxygenation. This not only threatens marine biodiversity, but also the livelihoods of millions of people who rely on ocean resources.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cClear transformative actions to address the ocean crisis must be found and must be scaled up. Our relationship with our planet\u2019s ocean must change,\u201d Volkan Bozkir, president of the UN General Assembly, said at a high-level debate on the ocean and SDG 14 in New York on 1 June.<\/p>\n<p>The event sought to maintain momentum ahead of the <a href=\"https:\/\/oceanconference.un.org\/\">2nd Ocean conference<\/a>, which was postponed due to the pandemic and is now expected to take place next year in Lisbon, Portugal. Bozkir said the pandemic revealed an \u201cappetite for change\u201d as people do not want to live in a world of \u201cone crisis after the next.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>Assessing progress<\/h2>\n<p>Speaking in four sessions, the panellists reflected on the progress made on SDG 14, six years after its introduction. Peter Thomson, UN secretary-general\u2019s special envoy for the ocean, said progress has been more tangible compared to the \u201cindifferent waters we sailed before SDG 14\u201d. Still, he said, there is much more to be done.<\/p>\n<p>Thomson called for a global plastic pollution treaty and a further expansion of marine protected areas (MPAs), with a goal of making at least <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oceanunite.org\/30-x-30\/\">30% of the oceans protected by 2030<\/a>. The target is set to be included in the new global biodiversity framework that countries are expected to agree on at the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbd.int\/article\/new-dates-cop15-october-2021\">UN biodiversity conference<\/a> in Kunming, China, in October this year.<\/p>\n<p>Meeting it won\u2019t be possible without new MPAs being designated in Antarctica, Thomson added. Countries grouped under the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Living Resources (CCAMLR), which regulates the use of resources in the region, will meet in October this year to try and agree on <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/15754-nations-fail-to-agree-on-expanding-protection-southern-ocean\/\">three MPA proposals<\/a> currently on the table.<br \/>\n<div class='cdo-shortcode--image'><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17791\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17791\" style=\"width: 2000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17791 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Humpback-whales-Antarctica_GP0STUGLS_High_res-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Humpback whales swim in the waters off Half Mood Island, Antarctica.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17791\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A humpback whale off Half Moon Island, Antarctica (Image: \u00a9 Abbie Trayler-Smith \/ Greenpeace)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><\/div><\/p>\n<p>Carlos Rodriguez, chief executive officer at the Global Environment Facility (GEF), said humans have a \u201csocial contract\u201d for activities on land, with mandates for proper use, but that doesn\u2019t exist in the ocean. \u201cWe have to bring new ways of marine governance based on science,\u201d said Rodr\u00edguez.<\/p>\n<p>For Achim Steiner, administrator of the UN Development Programme (UNDP), people \u201cdon\u2019t appreciate\u201d the significance of the ocean, despite it producing \u201ca lot of value\u201d for the world. He called for a large investment in regeneration and restoration of the ocean, pursuing a marine blue economy with a balance between production (fishing) and protection.<\/p>\n<h2>Action on fisheries<\/h2>\n<p>The summit also triggered discussions on the upcoming meeting of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in July, which will seek to finally meet another key UN goal to eliminate harmful fishing subsidies. Subsidies paid to the global fishing industry that contribute to overcapacity or illegal fishing amount to around <a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/RegData\/etudes\/note\/join\/2013\/513978\/IPOL-PECH_NT(2013)513978_EN.pdf\">US$35 billion<\/a> every year. Countries have been negotiating <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/15886-wto-fails-to-meet-fishing-subsidies-deadline\/\">an agreement<\/a> for more than two decades without success.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, the world\u2019s fish populations have continued to fall below sustainable levels. Around 60% of the assessed stocks are fully exploited and 30% are overexploited, according to the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/documents\/card\/en\/c\/ca9229en\">latest figures<\/a> from the UN. The incoming director-general, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wto.org\/english\/thewto_e\/dg_e\/dg_e.htm\">Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala<\/a>\u00a0of Nigeria, has\u00a0made the issue <a href=\"https:\/\/news.mongabay.com\/2021\/03\/first-female-leader-signals-new-day-for-wto-commentary\/\">one of her top priorities<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>For Yuvan Beejadhur, adviser to Okonjo-Iweala, an agreement is very close.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCountries are working hard to have an agreement in July. We don\u2019t have more time,\u201d Beejadhur said. \u201cThe agreement will provide capacity support for developing countries and introduce a dispute settlement body so countries can challenge decisions by other countries. There\u2019s no blue economy without sustainable development of fishing stocks.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class='block--pullout-stat block--pullout-stat--float cd-shortcode--factbox'>\n                <p class='block--pullout-stat__title'>What is IUU fishing?<\/p>\n                <div class='block--pullout-stat__content'>\n                    <\/p>\n<p>Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (<strong>IUU<\/strong>) includes all fishing that breaks fisheries laws and regulations or occurs outside their reach. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/11813-explainer-illegal-unreported-and-unregulated-fishing\/\">Explainer<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<p>Fisheries were also discussed at the Third Meeting of the Parties of the 2009 FAO Agreement on Port State Measures (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/iuu-fishing\/international-framework\/psma\/en\/\">PSMA<\/a>). This is the first binding international agreement designed to prevent, deter and eliminate IUU fishing by stopping foreign vessels engaged in it from using ports and landing their catches.<\/p>\n<p>So far, 69 parties, representing 56% of port states globally, have ratified the agreement. The director-general of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Qu Dongyu, said global action is making a difference in combating IUU fishing but more has to be done as consumer demand and catches continue to rise.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGlobal fish production reached the highest levels ever, providing almost half the world\u2019s population with nearly 20% of their average animal protein. With this comes great responsibility to manage all aquatic foods sustainably and protect our oceans, rivers and lakes. Demand should be met by more sustainable supply from aquaculture,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>UN hosts high-level events on ocean conservation and IUU fishing, with a global deal to end harmful fishing subsidies expected soon<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50000563,"featured_media":40089528,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[50039901],"tags":[20000838,545,40027778,569],"hashtags":[],"country":[],"class_list":["post-40090190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ocean","tag-covid-19","tag-fisheries","tag-marine-protection","tag-negotiations"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ocean back in spotlight after Covid disruption | Dialogue 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