{"id":50003926,"date":"2015-11-05T18:28:27","date_gmt":"2015-11-05T18:28:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=3926"},"modified":"2023-02-14T15:23:40","modified_gmt":"2023-02-14T15:23:40","slug":"3926-palm-oil-expansion-in-peru-is-killing-our-people-says-indigenous-leader","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/forests\/3926-palm-oil-expansion-in-peru-is-killing-our-people-says-indigenous-leader\/","title":{"rendered":"Palm oil expansion in Peru is killing our people, says indigenous leader"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Rapidly\u00a0expanding palm oil plantations in Peru\u2019s Amazon have encroached on indigenous ancestral territories, destroying their communities&#8217; livelihoods and forest ecosystems, Shipibo-Konibo indigenous leader Robert Guimaraes Vasquez has said in an interview with <em>Di\u00e1logo Chino<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Since the turn of this century, Peru\u2019s government has encouraged plantations of palm trees that produce an oil used in biofuels, cosmetics and processed foods &#8211; but is one of the major drivers of rainforest destruction in tropical regions.<\/p>\n<p>Under <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biofuelobservatory.org\/Documentos\/Normativa\/Resoluciones-Ministeriales\/RM-0155-2001-AG.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">government proposals<\/a>, the amount of land in Peru dedicated to palm plantations is set to swell to a massive two million hectares from the current 60,000 hectares by 2020, with cultivation supposedly taking place on land that has already been deforested.<\/p>\n<p>But indigenous communities\u2019 lack of land titles, coupled with poor governance and monitoring of deforestation, means local governments are selling-off communal territories to multinational investors. Locally-registered companies set up by international business are blamed for destroying virgin forest with impunity, and indigenous peoples are being threatened with violence for resisting palm cultivation, Guimaraes says.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rspo.org\/members\/2172\/Plantaciones-de-Pucallpa-S.A.C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Plantaciones de Pucallpa SAC<\/a>\u00a0is <a href=\"http:\/\/news.mongabay.com\/2015\/05\/primary-rainforest-cleared-for-massive-palm-oil-plantations-in-peru\/\">reportedly clearing forest<\/a> in the Shipibo-Konibo\u2019s Santa Clara de Uchunya community in Peru&#8217;s Ucayali region, but benefits from certification by\u00a0industry association the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rspo.org\/\">Roundtable for Sustainable Palm Oil<\/a> (RSPO), a body that has been called a <a href=\"https:\/\/eia-international.org\/we-cant-afford-for-palm-oil-certification-to-be-a-fig-leaf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fig leaf<\/a> for rainforest destruction by green groups. The <a href=\"http:\/\/eia-global.org\/images\/uploads\/150325.1_EIA_Peru_Palm_Report_P06-WEB.pdf\">Environmental Investigation Agency<\/a> (EIA) says Plantaciones de Pucallpa \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/eia-global.org\/images\/uploads\/150325.1_EIA_Peru_Palm_Report_P06-WEB.pdf\">has links<\/a> to Czech palm oil and cacao tycoon <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2015\/apr\/07\/head-of-london-listed-company-linked-to-illegal-clearing-of-peru-rainforest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dennis Melka<\/a>, who is eyeing more plantations in Peru to meet growing demand from China and India, the <em>Financial Times<\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ft.com\/cms\/s\/0\/8182b7d2-65da-11e4-898f-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3qj2vXQ2Q\">reports<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Speaking with <em>Di\u00e1logo Chino,<\/em> Guimaraes, in London at the invitation of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forestpeoples.org\/topics\/agribusiness\/news\/2015\/11\/press-release-peruvian-indigenous-leader-london-denounce-illegal-de\">Forest People\u2019s Programme<\/a>, discusses the impacts of palm oil expansion into the Peruvian amazon, contradictions in the government\u2019s forest policy and the importance of enforcing robust sustainability standards.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Di\u00e1logo Chino (DC)<\/strong>: Describe the impacts of palm oil expansion in Ucayali.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Robert Giumaraes Vasquez (RGV)<\/strong>: Everything that the forest means to us is being violated, by oil and gas concessions, mining, hydroelectric megaprojects and since 2010, palm oil, which has increased a lot. The relationship we have with the forest has a spiritual dimension. We get knowledge that helps us manage it along with the rivers \u2013 it\u2019s not just a primary material for us. We make medicines with plants, create our own architecture and homes and we manage the seed cycle. The forest and the river also represent food security for us, we get fish from the river, we get food from the forest and we also have agriculture in the area, crops like plantain, yucca, corn and rice. The forest also represents traditional economy, we go into the forest and get what we need, otherwise we die. There\u2019s a big difference between us and the rest of the population, our territory is our collective. We don\u2019t have private property. The Amazon is our territory, our home, and lately it\u2019s being violated by palm-growing activities. In Ucayali, we have the Melka group and its associates from Malaysia which have 25 businesses in Peru, 8 of which are in Ucayali. None of them are registered in his name. In recent years deforestation has accelerated and we are concerned because the Peruvian government has contradictions in its policies. The government signed a commitment to tackle deforestation with the Norwegian and German governments worth <a href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/2014\/09\/23\/us-carbon-peru-forests-idUSKCN0HI2L420140923\">US$ 300million<\/a> at the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/blog\/7341-Pledges-galore-at-UN-climate-summit\/en\">climate summit in New York<\/a> in 2014 \u2013 zero deforestation by 2021. But the government is not living up to this. In the last 10 years, in their own words, they are encouraging \u00a0private investment through national resolutions to promote palm oil.<\/p>\n<p><strong>DC:<\/strong> There are problems with the <a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/china-to-promote-peruvian-bamboo-cultivation-in-deforested-areas\/\">land registry<\/a> that monitors deforested areas in Peru. How is it possible to work out whether palm oil cultivation is being promoted in areas that have already been deforested?<\/p>\n<p><strong>RGV<\/strong>: It\u2019s not known exactly how many areas have been deforested. In the case of the community of Santa Clara de Uchunya, the Melka group bought land from the Ucayali government at a low cost, with no authority. But this isn\u2019t degraded forest, they\u2019re forests of immense value in terms of their biodiversity and they\u2019re ancestral territories of the Santa Clara de Uchunya community. Enormous tractors work day and night clearing huge areas of forest. It\u2019s an ecological crime. They\u2019re running over animals and cutting off rivers. It\u2019s very serious.<\/p>\n<p><strong>DC:<\/strong> What presence does the RSPO, the body that is supposed to certify the sustainability of palm oil, have in the area?<\/p>\n<p><strong>RGV<\/strong>: We only recently became aware of this organisation. They have a presence in Lima, but it\u2019s very far away. We are preparing a complaint to them against one of Melka\u2019s companies, which is a member. The Peruvian government has violated <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilo.org\/indigenous\/Conventions\/no169\/lang--en\/index.htm\">laws on consultation<\/a>, they\u2019ve handed over huge extensions of forest without consulting indigenous peoples. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalwitness.org\/campaigns\/environmental-activists\/perus-deadly-environment\/\">A report by Global Witness<\/a> says that Peru is one of the five countries in which most people that stand up for these rights are killed. In 2004, four of our brothers were killed. Territorial demands are ongoing in Peru, for the recognition of our ancestral lands. People are living in communities and then overnight realising that there is heavy machinery on their land. We are on ancestral land that the Peruvian state fails to recognise with a document saying \u201cthis is yours\u201d. We\u2019ve said that they need to halt palm expansion for as long as the state cannot legally guarantee the security\u00a0of our territory. The state has to guarantee land for our communities, without this, all that\u2019s being generated is more conflict.<\/p>\n<p><strong>DC<\/strong>: The scale of growth of the plantations in Peru represents the growing demand for palm oil, which is used in many of the products that we consume. How important is it that we establish and implement robust sustainability standards?<\/p>\n<p><strong>RGV<\/strong>: We\u2019re saying that you can\u2019t introduce monoculture in areas of high biodiversity. Companies need to respect laws and the customary rights of indigenous peoples. You can\u2019t violate the rights of people here and replace us with a single [agricultural] activity. We\u2019re not saying that the state can\u2019t invest. But it needs to evaluate and respect our rights. We\u2019re pretty clear on this.<\/p>\n<p><strong>DC<\/strong>: Multinational companies are competing with each other to supply products containing palm oil to new markets in Asia, like India and China, what power do consumers have?<\/p>\n<p><strong>RGV<\/strong>: These same companies are also tearing down forests in Malaysia. The experience from other places [where illegal loggers deforest and sell wood with proceeds reinvested in cash crop cultivation] is disastrous. And now they\u2019re coming to the Peruvian Amazon to harvest resources, perhaps to respond to new market demands. But no consumer would accept the way these companies are operating. If the European or Chinese market saw what they\u2019re destroying, how they\u2019re violating our rights and killing our people, I don\u2019t think anyone would consume these products. We have to make people take on the responsibility of finding out whether products come with proper environmental standards, if they come from well-managed forests. But everything we\u2019re seeing here is a result of the contradictory policies of the Peruvian state. I don\u2019t know what discourse it will take to the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cop21paris.org\/about\/cop21\">COP21 in Paris<\/a>. But the government says \u201cwe\u2019re respecting indigenous people and preserving forests\u201d and has this huge US$300 million fund, but not one Sol (Peruvian currency) goes towards giving land titles to indigenous communities. How can they not allocate these resources when there are resources for the private sector? We don\u2019t just want to complain, we want a show of solidarity. The lives of our leaders are at risk. Our message to the international community is that we need their support, that they recognise our problem and that they demand the implementation of clear conservation policies, not contradictory ones. We\u2019re calling for a moratorium on palm oil expansion for as long as there\u2019s no system for recognising our territory and while we lack protection by the law.<\/p>\n<p><em>Editor&#8217;s note:\u00a0The RSPO informed Di\u00e1logo Chino that its Complaints Panel has requested that Plantaciones de Pucallpa S.A.C formally respond to the claims made by the Shipibo-Konibo Community.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Shipibo-Konibo leader tells Di\u00e1logo Chino the cash crop drives deforestation and double standards <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40000225,"featured_media":50003927,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[50039902,50039900],"tags":[531,555,559,576],"hashtags":[],"country":[50002601],"class_list":["post-50003926","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests","category-justice","tag-deforestation","tag-indigenous-peoples","tag-land-rights","tag-palm-oil","country-peru"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Palm oil expansion in Peru is killing our people, says indigenous leader | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"International companies are destroying forests to cultivate lucrative palm oil crops, threatening an indigenous community&#039;s survivial\" 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