{"id":50007188,"date":"2016-09-02T11:32:13","date_gmt":"2016-09-02T10:32:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=7188"},"modified":"2023-05-16T12:27:51","modified_gmt":"2023-05-16T11:27:51","slug":"7188-g20-must-do-more-to-green-the-economy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/7188-g20-must-do-more-to-green-the-economy\/","title":{"rendered":"G20 must do more to green the economy"},"content":{"rendered":"

Leaders from the G20<\/a>, the world\u2019s nineteen largest economies plus the European Union, have arrived in the city of Hangzhou<\/a>, eastern China, for the group\u2019s annual summit with climate change high on the agenda<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The newly-reupholstered city provides a serene backdrop for the gathering but the need for the group to tackle global carbon emissions, of which it contributes 75%, is increasingly urgent, says a new report<\/a> by Climate Transparency<\/a>, a German-led coalition of experts.<\/p>\n

In recent years China has led on climate action by promising to cap its carbon emissions and wean itself off coal but all countries must improve in a range of areas including investing in renewables, reducing energy and carbon intensity (the amount of energy and carbon consumed per capita) and eliminating fossil fuel subsidies<\/a>, according to the report entitled Brown to Green: Assessing the G20 transition to a low-carbon economy<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Between 1990 and 2013 energy-related emissions within the group increased 56% but growth has slowed in recent years.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe G20 has proven that it can be nimble, and take action on economic issues, so we are looking to these countries to do the same for the climate,\u201d said Alvaro Uma\u00f1a, co-chair of Climate Transparency and former minister of environment and energy of Costa Rica.<\/p>\n

Whilst the report notes the importance of switching from coal and other fossil fuels to \u2018green\u2019 energy sources, the profiles of Latin American member countries show they face bigger challenges. Land use change, especially agriculture and deforestation, are among the leading sources of emissions in Brazil<\/a>, while Mexico<\/a> and Argentina<\/a> need to increase the share of renewables in the energy mix, the report says.<\/p>\n

China\u2019s role<\/strong><\/p>\n

G20 host China, which is responsible for 24% of global carbon emissions, scored particularly highly in the report\u2019s assessment in terms of its investment in green energy systems. But despite dramatic reductions in the energy intensity of the economy, the high proportion of coal in energy generation means there is still much work to do.<\/p>\n

\"(credit:<\/a>
(credit: Climate Transparency)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"chian<\/a>
(credit: Climate Transparency)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

China generates 68% of its energy from coal-fired power, double the G20 average of 34%. And while the world\u2019s highest emitter is slowly shifting away from coal at home, it is still investing in a number of coal <\/a>projects overseas. These figures leave the G20 well short of reaching the targets set out in the Paris Agreement<\/a> necessary to limit global warming to 2C.<\/p>\n

The comparatively low level of energy generated by oil and gas in China means its share of renewables is also well above the G20 average at between 15-20% of the mix.<\/p>\n

Latin American challenges<\/strong><\/p>\n

Latin American G20 members Brazil, Mexico and Argentina currently have carbon and energy intensity levels below the group\u2019s average, but seem to be moving in the wrong direction. In addition to these challenges, the region\u2019s biggest economy, Brazil, needs to reduce its emissions from land use change from the agriculture<\/a> sector, which in recent years has expanded in order to meet Chinese demand for soya.<\/p>\n

Brazil has made significant gains in curbing carbon emissions from forest loss, which now account for 28% of GHGs and since 2011 have been overtaken by the energy- sector (30%). Methane emissions make up a further 28%.<\/p>\n

\"Brazil's<\/a>
Brazil’s emissions trajectory (credit: Climate Transparency)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Along with newly confirmed <\/a>Brazilian president Michel Temer, Argentine president Mauricio Macri and Mexico\u2019s Enrique Pe\u00f1a Nieto will meet separately with China\u2019s president Xi Jinping on the sidelines of the G20 summit. Macri and Pe\u00f1a Nieto do so having recently launched bids<\/a> to attract investment in their countries\u2019 renewables sector, which have accounted for diminishing shares in their energy mixes.<\/p>\n

In 2014, Mexico approved the Energy Transition Law<\/a>, which aims to generate 35% of energy from clean sources by 2024. In Argentina, President Mauricio Macri recently launched RenovAr<\/a>, his renewable energy plan which targets 20% clean energy by 2025.<\/p>\n

Mexico and Argentina have similar emissions profiles with energy-related emissions steadily rising. Though they generate only a minimal amount of energy from coal (at 5% and 1% respectively), the two countries\u2019 heavy use of oil and gas means the carbon intensity of the sector sits close to the G20 average.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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