{"id":50011395,"date":"2018-07-26T15:21:31","date_gmt":"2018-07-26T12:21:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=11395"},"modified":"2023-06-16T23:17:23","modified_gmt":"2023-06-16T20:17:23","slug":"11395-brics-bank-and-aiib-new-players-same-old-game","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/11395-brics-bank-and-aiib-new-players-same-old-game\/","title":{"rendered":"BRICS Bank and AIIB: New players, same old game"},"content":{"rendered":"

From Pakistan to Panama<\/a>, a steady stream of countries from the Global South have endorsed China\u2019s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) promoting connectivity since its launch in 2013.<\/p>\n

The trend continued this week as Senegal<\/a> and Rwanda<\/a> inked deals under the BRI banner during Chinese president Xi Jinping\u2019s tour of the African continent ahead of the 10th<\/sup> summit of the BRICS group \u2013 Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa \u2013 hosted by the latter in Johannesburg from July 25-27.<\/p>\n

\u201cI look forward to working with the leaders of the BRICS countries to \u2026 seize the opportunities for development,\u201d Xi told<\/a> the summit.<\/p>\n

With the enticing promise of finance to bridge longstanding infrastructure gaps, championing the BRI has been labelled an \u2018easy sell<\/a>\u2019 for developing countries.<\/p>\n

Yet there are few guarantees that finance issued by Chinese-led institutions for new projects will steer countries along a path towards sustainable development.<\/p>\n

China finances development projects<\/a> mostly through China Development Bank and the Export Import Bank of China, which have been accused<\/a> of lacking transparency and supporting mostly \u2018dirty\u2019<\/a> energy.<\/p>\n

Two new China-led multilateral banks are also tasked with supplying finance for infrastructure overseas \u2013 the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the New Development Bank<\/a> (NDB, or BRICS Bank) \u2013 albeit on a much lower scale.<\/p>\n

Lack of imagination<\/h2>\n

Both less than five years old, these two new lenders raised hopes<\/a> that they would adhere to higher standards on transparency and sustainability than China\u2019s national development banks. But concerns remain.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe NDB and AIIB seem to have suffered from a lack of imagination and ambition on what sustainability can look like in the 21st<\/sup>\u00a0century,\u201d said Katharine Lu, senior sustainable finance manager at Friends of the Earth US.<\/p>\n

Lu added that despite their \u201cprofound potential\u201d to create better models of sustainable development, these new lenders have failed to take inspiration from Western dominated financial institutions\u2019 social and environmental policies and have fallen short of the standards of their peers.<\/p>\n

Despite insisting that the NDB supports sustainability, KV Kamath, the bank\u2019s president has failed to rule out<\/a> investing in high carbon-emitting energy sources, such as coal.<\/p>\n

While global trade is likely to dominate the BRICS summit agenda given the reciprocal tariffs imposed by the US and China, initiated by President Donald Trump, hosting the BRICS summit in Africa presents an opportunity<\/a> to address the continent\u2019s need for infrastructure.<\/p>\n

The AIIB recently signed<\/a> a memorandum of understanding with the African Development Bank to cooperate on sustainable economic development.<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, the NDB earlier this week approved US$600 million for new projects it says will reduce greenhouse gas emissions. US$300 million of this will support the construction of a new line of the Luoyang Metro in central China\u2019s Henan province to \u201creduce heavy traffic\u201d.<\/p>\n

The remaining US$300 million will go via the Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA) for \u201csustainable development projects within the energy sector\u201d, with the aim of \u201cimproving the energy mix and energy efficiency of the economy\u201d.<\/p>\n

The NDB is mandated to mobilise resources for infrastructure for BRICS members and other \u2018emerging nations\u2019, according to its articles of agreement<\/a>. So far the NDB has a portfolio worth almost US$6 billion<\/a> and has three projects in South Africa. It is yet to extend a loan to a non-BRICS member country.<\/p>\n

It is crucial that any new project takes account of potential environmental damage, according to Chris Alden, co-director of the Global South Unit<\/a> at the London School of Economics. He would like to see BRICS countries commit to incorporating regular environmental assessments into feasibility studies for NDB-backed projects.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis is especially important to signal to the rest of the world their leadership, as BRICS countries have indicated their support for green energy projects,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

A first batch<\/a> of loans issued in 2016 for small-scale renewable energy projects hinted at the New Development Bank\u2019s support of \u2018clean\u2019 projects. A number of mostly wind and hydropower projects in member countries have followed.<\/p>\n

For Lu, however, the NDB still lacks strong internal policies to guarantee ongoing support for sustainable projects. For example, it has yet to establish a way of ensuring its accountability for the impacts of projects. Other multilateral lenders have channels for those adversely affected by projects to communicate their concerns or report the bank\u2019s noncompliance with its policies.<\/p>\n

Sustainable Development Goals<\/h2>\n

Xi called on BRICS members to integrate the UN\u2019s Sustainable Development Goals<\/a> (SDGs) into their national development strategies at a meeting of business leaders in Johannesburg.<\/p>\n

The private sector has a big role to play in implementing the SDGs\u00a0and among BRICS countries, Chinese companies are leading, according to recent research<\/a> published by the journal Sustainability<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u201cChina stood first in adopting the sustainable development goals,\u201d found the study, which analysed the vision and mission statements of five multinational companies from each of the BRICS members and their compatibility with the UN aims.<\/p>\n

However, the policies of Chinese companies, like their Indian counterparts, focus primarily on goal nine: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure and there is a strong tendency in all countries to overlook those relating to the environment.<\/p>\n

A majority of the companies analysed neglected \u2018Climate Action\u2019 (goal 13) and the preservation of \u2018Life Below Water\u2019 (goal 14). Nor have meetings of BRICS countries resulted in better coordination on meeting the goals, the research said.<\/p>\n

Lu said that the NDB and AIIB are also failing to take bold steps in the fight against climate change by not comprehensively documenting the greenhouse gas emissions their projects. This, she suggests, inhibits their ability to deliver on the promise to support sustainable development:<\/p>\n

\u201cThey may be new players, [but] the AIIB and NDB are still playing the same old game.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Infrastructure on the agenda at BRICS Summit but new bank should commit to snubbing dirty projects<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40000225,"featured_media":50022414,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[758],"tags":[504,512,544],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000110,50041622,50041235,50040754],"class_list":["post-50011395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","tag-aiib","tag-brics","tag-finance","country-china","country-rwanda","country-senegal","country-south-africa"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBRICS Bank and AIIB: New players, same old game | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Infrastructure on the agenda at BRICS Summit but new bank should commit to snubbing dirty projects\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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