{"id":50031209,"date":"2019-10-25T00:44:20","date_gmt":"2019-10-24T23:44:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=31209"},"modified":"2023-03-12T15:37:08","modified_gmt":"2023-03-12T15:37:08","slug":"31209-what-does-bolsonaros-china-visit-mean-for-environmental-cooperation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/31209-what-does-bolsonaros-china-visit-mean-for-environmental-cooperation\/","title":{"rendered":"What does Bolsonaro\u2019s China visit mean for environmental cooperation?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro begins his first visit to president Xi Jinping\u2019s China today, after a year of tension between the two countries.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Though Bolsonaro has expressed a preference for tighter relations with the US and concern over what he sees as China\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/amp\/s\/valor.globo.com\/google\/amp\/brasil\/noticia\/2019\/04\/05\/chineses-so-nao-podem-comprar-o-brasil-diz-bolsonaro.ghtml\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018predatory\u2019<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> approach to the Brazilian economy, the Asian country is still Brazil\u2019s biggest trading partner.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yet in recent decades, the China-Brazil partnership has extended way beyond doing business. The two countries signed a number of treaties and cooperation agreements that lent more political weight to the developing world, both bilaterally and in fora such as the BRICS group, which also contains with Russia, India and South Africa, and in international climate negotiations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cooperation on the environment has become an important element of diplomatic relations. As the home of the largest part of the Amazon, Brazil was a natural leader on environmental issues. And China, in its struggle to respond to the human, social and economic costs of its environmental crisis, began to prioritise the issue.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now, with Bolsonaro\u2019s Brazil dismantling environmental protections and the multilateral order fragmenting, we look at the history of cooperation on environment and its hope for the future.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Important agreements<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brazil and China began cooperating on <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/29050-china-and-brazil-satellite-cooperation-helps-fight-amazon-deforestation-20-years-on\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">space research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 1988. Ten years later, the China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite, or CBERs, launched its first satellite.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since its creation, the programme allowed Brazil to make great strides in monitoring deforestation \u2014 especially in the Amazon \u2014 via five satellites. The sixth will be launched by the end of the year.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class='block--pullout-stat block--pullout-stat--float cd-shortcode--factbox'>\n                <p class='block--pullout-stat__title'>2009<\/p>\n                <div class='block--pullout-stat__content'>\n                    <br \/>\nthe year the BASIC group of emerging economies formed within climate negotiations<br \/>\n\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Twenty years later, in 2009, Brazil and China \u2014 along with South Africa and India \u2014 aligned in international climate negotiations and formed the BASIC group, which became an important forum to coordinate emerging economies\u2019 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/18534-an-environmental-agenda-for-brazil-and-china\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">position<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the global struggle to fight climate change.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Former environment minister Izabella Teixeira told <em>Di\u00e1logo Chino<\/em> that China and Brazil became more closely aligned in 2015, when the two countries signed a <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.itamaraty.gov.br\/en\/press-releases\/18159-documents-signed-during-the-oficial-visit-of-the-prime-minister-of-the-people-s-republic-of-china-li-keqiang-to-brazil-may-19-2015#clima-port\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">bilateral statement on climate change<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The New Development Bank, created by the BRICS group, also pledged to support sustainable development in member countries.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Have they worked?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CBERs satellites helped Brazilian environmental protection agencies curb deforestation and bring it to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mma.gov.br\/mma-em-numeros\/desmatamento\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">record-low levels<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the early 2010\u2019s. However, today environmental agencies are reeling from budget cuts and the federal government is promoting an economic development model led by profit-seeking enterprises that is not consistent with environmental protection.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All the same, satellite data on deforestation has helped inform the public about the level of deforestation and it has responded with outrage to government inaction in enforcing environmental laws and regulations.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brazil and China accepted they have responsibility too. This was an important change for the Paris Agreement to go forward<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As for the BASIC group, it helped create consensus among developing nations that was crucial for getting the Paris Agreement on climate change over the line in 2015.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe classic position by Brazil and China, developing countries, was that global warming was rich countries\u2019 fault,\u201d said Maur\u00edcio Santoro, an international relations professor at the State University of Rio de Janeiro. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThen Brazil and China accepted they have responsibility too. This was an important change for the Paris Agreement to go forward.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Meanwhile, the NDB has proven <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/25543-ndb-slow-to-deliver-on-promises\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">slow<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to act as a driver of \u2018green\u2019 growth and has yet to prove it\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/25543-ndb-slow-to-deliver-on-promises\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">following its mission<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> since the bank has refused to rule out investing in fossil fuels.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What can we expect from Bolsonaro\u2019s China visit?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While countries often use state visits to sign important agreements, it is unclear whether Bolsonaro and Xi have any on the table. Brazil\u2019s environmental minister Ricardo Salles will not travel to China, which makes it unlikely that the history of environmental cooperation will be strengthened.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThere is a lot of potential for cooperation,\u201d said former environmental minister Izabella Teixeira, who worked closely with China during her tenure, which ended in 2016. \u201cBut the Brazilian government\u2019s intentions and propositions in straightening bilateral relations on environmental issues aren\u2019t clear.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Teixeira, one of the main issues is the creation of a group to discuss environmental issues at the High-Level China\u2013Brazil Cooperation and Concertation Commission, or Cosban, as it\u2019s known in Portuguese.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cosban is the highest-level permanent mechanism between the Governments of Brazil and China and has sub-committees on environmentally sensitive sectors including agriculture, energy and mining. But there are no indications that it will meet on this occasion.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Teixeira says this doesn\u2019t mean certain sectors can\u2019t collaborate. For example, there are demands on China that it take a stronger stance on the impacts of its soy and beef supply chains in Brazil. Both have been tied to deforestation. China\u2019s largest food trading company Cofco has already <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/29995-how-soy-and-beef-spark-amazon-fires-and-how-to-stop-it\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">shown willingness<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to cooperate on this issue.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, as Bolsonaro\u2019s grip on power has strengthened and international indignation at the Amazon fires raged, China has officially retained a quiet stance of non-interference towards the country, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fmprc.gov.cn\/mfa_eng\/xwfw_665399\/s2510_665401\/2511_665403\/t1692042.shtml\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">downplaying<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> links between cattle ranching and deforestation and declaring support for Brazil\u2019s efforts in tackling the blazes.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro begins his first visit to president Xi Jinping\u2019s China today, after a year of tension between the two countries. Though Bolsonaro has expressed a preference for tighter relations with the US and concern over what he sees as China\u2019s \u2018predatory\u2019 approach to the Brazilian economy, the Asian country is still Brazil\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50000004,"featured_media":50031213,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[761],"tags":[50040720,580,600],"hashtags":[],"country":[50000021,20000110],"class_list":["post-50031209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","tag-geopolitics","tag-policy","tag-trade","country-brazil","country-china"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What does Bolsonaro\u2019s China visit mean for environmental cooperation? | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bolsonaro&#039;s China visit comes after decades of cooperation on environment but his radical change in Brazilian politics jeopardises everything\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/31209-what-does-bolsonaros-china-visit-mean-for-environmental-cooperation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What does Bolsonaro\u2019s China visit mean for environmental cooperation?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro begins his first visit to president Xi Jinping\u2019s China today, after a year of tension between the two countries. 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