{"id":50032794,"date":"2020-01-13T14:22:52","date_gmt":"2020-01-13T14:22:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=32794"},"modified":"2023-03-13T23:30:50","modified_gmt":"2023-03-13T23:30:50","slug":"32794-nature-based-solutions-can-drag-down-global-ghg-emissions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/32794-nature-based-solutions-can-drag-down-global-ghg-emissions\/","title":{"rendered":"Nature-based solutions can drag down global GHG emissions"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nature-Based Solutions, or NBS, are actions to protect and sustainably manage natural ecosystems, a crucial element in rising to numerous social and environmental challenges, especially the climate crisis.<\/p>\n

Nature-based solutions can mitigate some 12 gigatonnes of CO2 per year, contributing a third of what is needed by 2030 to keep global average temperature rise on course for less than 2C, according to the UN\u2019s Global Compact<\/a>.<\/p>\n

They are essential in helping countries meet that Paris target, decarbonise their economies and build resilience.<\/p>\n

\n

Did you know\u2026?<\/p>\n

\n <\/strong>
\nNature-based solutions can sequester 12 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere annually
\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div><\/p>\n

\u201cMany countries and regions are suffering from the impact of climate change and we need to take actions to enhance cooperation to encourage ambition and transparency,\u201d Ma Aimin, deputy director general of China\u2019s National Center for Climate Strategy and International Cooperation (NCSC), told the UN\u2019s climate conference in Madrid in December.<\/p>\n

China is seeking to build support for NBS as it hosts crunch talks<\/a> to protect biodiversity, known as COP15, in Kunming later this year. The first draft of a new set of 20 conservation goals, to replace the unmet Aichi targets<\/a>, was released on January 12 and notes: “Biodiversity, and the benefits it provides, is fundamental to human well-being and a healthy planet.”<\/p>\n

NBS feature in a number of the proposed new targets<\/a>.\u00a0As well as mitigating around 30% of the carbon emitted into the atmosphere, nature benefits people worldwide by improving nutrition, providing clean water, and contributing to greater resilience against natural disasters, the document says.<\/p>\n

\u201c[China] has supported the [NBS] workstream with great success,\u201d said Manuel Pulgar-Vidal, leader of Climate & Energy Global Practice at WWF. \u201cI hope we can define new and more effective targets at COP15 in Kunming,\u201d he told Di\u00e1logo Chino.<\/p>\n

Nature-based solutions in China<\/h2>\n

Governments, NGOs and civil society are working together to raise targets and commitments on climate but there is more to do, according to Ma.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe need to scale up the nationally determined contributions [countries\u2019 national climate plans] for mitigation, resilience and adaptation in key areas such as restoration of forests, agriculture, food security, and protection of biodiversity. We also need climate governance and to promote green finance incentives,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

One example of NBS in China is the conservation of mangroves<\/a>, which capture carbon and protect coastlines from erosion and storm surges. It is one of a number of natural marine solutions<\/a> to a heating planet. Most of China\u2019s mangroves cling to the coasts of southern provinces Guandgong, Guangxi and Hainan.<\/p>\n

Mangrove restorations have been conducted \u201cspontaneously\u201d since the 1950s by local communities in South China, according to Chen Guangcheng from China\u2019s Ministry of Natural Resources. Since the first national mangrove reserve was created in Hainan in the 1980\u2019s, China now has 52 protected areas, covering 15,944 mangroves.<\/p>\n

We don\u2019t want to see China exporting obsolete technology but clean, green technology<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Wang Yi, vice president of the Institute of Science and Development at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said a bottom-up approach is crucial in order to share and build best practices on natural climate solutions.<\/p>\n

Wang also advocates what he calls a \u201cgreener value chain\u201d, lessening the impacts of food and forest products, including their processing and transport footprints.<\/p>\n

Pulgar-Vidal said indigenous stewardship of natural resources is vital for the advance of NBS. \u201cNow it is clear that protected areas are a key element, and the management forests by indigenous people [is] showing just how strong it can be to bring climate solutions that are based on nature.\u201d<\/p>\n

The new draft targets for the protection of biodiversity recognise the importance of traditional knowledge and practice in managing ecosystems and in sharing the benefits of genetic resources.<\/p>\n

Pulgar-Vidal said he was sure China is prioritising NBS and would like to see related initiatives feature in the next Five-Year development plan<\/a> (2021-2025), along with climate and biodiversity considerations in trade along the Belt and Road Initiative<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe don\u2019t want to see China exporting obsolete technology but clean, green technology,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

Sustainable trade<\/h2>\n

Chinese authorities and companies are also mindful of the need to improve sustainability when importing timber from tropical forests.<\/p>\n

Su Haiyin of China\u2019s National Forestry and Grassland Administration\u00a0said the country can play \u201can active role in global forest governance and addressing illegal logging.\u201d<\/p>\n

Chinese companies are under pressure to \u201cadjust and restructure\u201d to a legal and sustainable timber trade with new requirements put forward by the government and new demands<\/a> from the public, he said.<\/p>\n

Chinese demand for South American beef is rising<\/a> and is linked with deforestation. Some producers are embracing more sustainable farming methods that integrate livestock and conservation, such as agroforestry<\/a>, while others are marketing<\/a> low-carbon products to eco-conscious Chinese.<\/p>\n

Andr\u00e9 Guimar\u00e3es, executive director of the Brazilian Amazon Environmental Research Institute (IPAM), said his country has great potential for more environmentally friendly agriculture<\/a> that protects the Amazon rainforest, home to 15% of the planet\u2019s biodiversity.<\/p>\n

\u201cBrazil plays an important role in global food, climate and water security. Our agriculture represents more than 20% of the country\u2019s GDP (mostly cattle ranching<\/a>, soy and cereals). Brazil is the second largest food exporter, feeding 1.2 billion people every day,\u201d Guimar\u00e3es said.<\/p>\n

we have huge room for intensification of pastureland and the beef industry<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Yet land use change and agribusiness are responsible for 70% of GHG emissions in Brazil, the world\u2019s seventh largest emitter. On average, Brazil produces less than one head of cattle per hectare of pasture.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis is extremely low, we have huge room for intensification of pastureland and the beef industry. The forest code<\/a> is not yet fully implemented and it is fundamental in our legislation to maintain forests on private land,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

\n

90%<\/p>\n

\n
\nof deforestation in Brazil is illegal
\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

This year\u2019s deforestation has increased 29.5%<\/a> and more than 90% of Brazil\u2019s deforestation is illegal, according to the National Institute of Space Research (INPE).<\/p>\n

\u201cIt is a major challenge that we have to cope with in the upcoming years. In 2018, about 40% of deforestation occurred on public land and this is a crime,\u201d Guimar\u00e3es said and pointed to a correlation between protecting tropical forests and to increasing competitiveness in supplying forest-friendly food<\/a> to the world.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe do believe that dialogue is the way forward to promote the harmonisation of land use in Brazil. We believe it is possible to produce and export more and, at the same time, to conserve and protect natural resources, particularly tropical forests,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

As well as market signals, political will is necessary to improve conservation in trade, according to Pulgar-Vidal, who pointed to the benefits of China\u2019s recent ivory ban<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u201cThat is the kind of political signal we are seeking [in order] to be effective in the management of nature. Not only for climate purposes but also for nature itself.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nature-Based Solutions, or NBS, are actions to protect and sustainably manage natural ecosystems, a crucial element in rising to numerous social and environmental challenges, especially the climate crisis. Nature-based solutions can mitigate some 12 gigatonnes of CO2 per year, contributing a third of what is needed by 2030 to keep global average temperature rise on […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50000004,"featured_media":50032798,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[761,764],"tags":[511,523,531],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000110],"class_list":["post-50032794","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","category-nature","tag-biodiversity","tag-conservation","tag-deforestation","country-china"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNature-based solutions can drag down global GHG emissions | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"China\u2019s leadership of global biodiversity talks has seen greater emphasis on tackling the climate crisis using nature-based solutions\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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