{"id":50035244,"date":"2020-05-05T19:31:04","date_gmt":"2020-05-05T18:31:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=35244"},"modified":"2023-03-13T22:32:11","modified_gmt":"2023-03-13T22:32:11","slug":"35244-mexican-communities-reject-chinese-solar-yucatan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/energy\/35244-mexican-communities-reject-chinese-solar-yucatan\/","title":{"rendered":"Mexican communities reject Chinese solar farm in Yucat\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

In February 2019, residents of the municipalities of Cuncunul and Valladolid, about 1,500 kilometres south of Mexico City, sued the Jinkosolar Investment Pte. Ltd.<\/a>,<\/u> the Chinese company managing the Yucat\u00e1n Solar Park project for violating their right to prior consultation on projects that affect their livelihoods.<\/p>\n

A judge ruled in favour of the plaintiffs since the area\u2019s indigenous peoples were not consulted prior to the installation of the solar farm. Nor did they have complete information about the project. Despite the ruling, the company is not giving up its efforts.<\/p>\n

\u201cAs in other parts of the country, these types of projects are a government imposition, in collaboration with national and foreign companies,\u201d Candelaria May, a member of the Assembly of Defenders of the M\u00fauch \u2019X\u00edinbal Territory<\/a>, told Di\u00e1logo Chino.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe are concerned about the impact on the environment, the people who live here [and] drastic changes in the local economy as the price of goods and land rises,\u201d he added.<\/p>\n

Jinkosolar Investment Pte. Ltd, an arm of Chinese panel manufacturer JinkoSolar Holding Company, Ltd<\/a>, won three contracts to provide 180 megawatts (MW) of energy to the state-owned Federal Elecricity Commission (CFE) in Yucat\u00e1n and to the state of Jalisco in a 2016 auction<\/a>. Eventually authorised in 2017, the Yucat\u00e1n Solar Park was set to operate from September 2018 for 30 years, 15 of which are covered by a fixed-term power sale agreement with CFE. The project is now halted.<\/p>\n

\n

250<\/p>\n

\n
\nthe size in hectares of the controversial Yucat\u00e1n solar plant
\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

The Yucat\u00e1n solar farm was set to have 313,140 modules generating 335 watts each over an area of about 250 hectares. Like practically the whole of Mexico, the area has a high potential for solar energy, advocates for the project say. It boasts average daily radiation of 56.49 kWh per square metre, way above the<\/p>\n

In November 2016, the corporation requested a public consultation with the local indigenous and non-indigenous population and the Ministry of the Environment (Semarnat). Yet no such meeting took place, at least not with indigenous peoples.<\/p>\n

Furthermore, the environmental impact assessment (EIA) presented by JinkoSolar in October 2016 indicated its project would have 98 impacts, of which 15 are considered beneficial and 83 adverse.<\/p>\n

Solar in Yucat\u00e1n threatens species<\/h2>\n

The main negative consequence of the plant will be the deforestation of 206 hectares, destroying plant and wildlife habitats, according to the EIA. Vulnerable native trees would be among those lost.<\/p>\n

The glassywood (astronium graveolens<\/em>) and zamia loddigessi or palmita (little palm), both of which are categorised as under threat of extinction by Semarnat, are at risk. Other affected species would include the vanilla planifolia and the American cedar (Cedrela odorata), considered to require special protection.<\/p>\n

Renewable energy is an alternative, but not under the model they propose<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Deforestation also threatens the habitats of at least 123 species of vertebrates, 78 birds, 24 mammals, 17 reptiles and four amphibians \u2013 these last two groups being the worst affected. Some 26 species have conservation status and 20 are under special protection. Five more are threatened and two \u2013 the ocelot and the Tamandula anteater \u2013 are at risk of extinction.<\/p>\n

To moderate the impacts of the solar plant, the company proposed to create a wildlife rescue program for protected species and to preserve 45 hectares for conservation areas.<\/p>\n

Project planning model questioned<\/h2>\n

Local Mayan populations have condemned the environmental impact of the works, along with a lack of prior information or consultations before it began. These rights are guaranteed under the most important global treaty on the rights of aboriginal groups \u2013 the International Labor Organization\u2019s Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention\u00a0169, which Mexico ratified in 1990.<\/p>\n

This has been the bedrock of legal challenges to a number of ventures.<\/p>\n

Emilio de los R\u00edos, an academic and independent consultant, criticised the lack of proper consultations and the land grabbing and speculation for projects that he says is taking place.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere have been abnormal consultation processes, with irregularities in meetings,\u201d he said, adding that meetings had been manipulated in favour of the project. \u201cThe use of the land is being imposed against the views of the people, which has caused a conflict. A model that goes against the people is what\u2019s been favoured,\u201d De los R\u00edos told Di\u00e1logo Chino.<\/p>\n

Candelaria May said that the rejection of the solar project does not reflect a general rejection of alternative energies, but rather of the prevailing development model that does not consider other socio-environmental aspects.<\/p>\n

\u201cRenewable energy is an alternative, but not under the model they propose. If they did indeed have concern for the people, a responsible government would favour community organisation processes so that they develop cooperatives that produce and sell their own energy,\u201d May said.<\/p>\n

De los R\u00edos suggests an energy transition in accordance with the needs of the population \u201cwhere people have decision-making power and a consensus is reached, weighing problems with benefits\u201d.<\/p>\n

\n

35%<\/p>\n

\n
\nthe share that renewables must account for in Mexico's energy mix by 2024, according to a 2015 law
\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

For Mexico, expanding renewable energy generation is legally mandated in the 2015 Energy Transition Law, which stipulates<\/a> that clean energy must account for 25% of generation by 2018, rising to 30% by 2021 and 35% by 2024.<\/p>\n

Although it achieved the first goal, associations of energy producers and international organisations forecast that the rollout will grind to a halt, with President Andr\u00e9s Manuel L\u00f3pez Obrador having shown more support for fossil fuels<\/a> than for renewables.<\/p>\n

Rural communities may generate their own energy through off-grid renewable energy<\/a> projects but they face several obstacles, including lack of capital and technical know-how.<\/p>\n

Other renewable energy projects halted<\/h2>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Local communities have managed to stop other renwable energy ventures backed by Chinese capital, such as the 240MW Chicoas\u00e9n II hydroelectric plant, located in the southern state of Chiapas. The plant, awarded<\/a> to a consortium of three Mexican companies and the Costa Rican subsidiary of China\u2019s Sinohydro was shut in 2015.<\/p>\n

Opponents rejected the dam because of the risk of flooding, damage to local fish populations and the low price offered by companies for their land.<\/p>\n

Unhappy residents have also managed to stop at least four other solar and two wind projects in Yucat\u00e1n, again due to the lack of prior consultations and environmental impacts.<\/p>\n

In November last year, Semarnat finally stopped endorsing the 150MW capacity Oxcum-Um\u00e1n Solar Park, due to the risk of deforestation of 310 hectares of jungle and threat to seven species at risk of extinction.<\/p>\n

Although opponents of JinkoSolar\u2019s plant were successful with the court ruling, the company is trying to keep the project alive as a private venture that does not depend on a contract with the state-owned Federal Elecricity Commission (CFE).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In February 2019, residents of the municipalities of Cuncunul and Valladolid, about 1,500 kilometres south of Mexico City, sued the Jinkosolar Investment Pte. Ltd., the Chinese company managing the Yucat\u00e1n Solar Park project for violating their right to prior consultation on projects that affect their livelihoods. A judge ruled in favour of the plaintiffs since […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50000004,"featured_media":50035245,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[757],"tags":[502,511,17073,585,593],"hashtags":[],"country":[50002597],"class_list":["post-50035244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energy","tag-activism","tag-biodiversity","tag-energy-transition","tag-renewables","tag-solar","country-mexico"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMexican communities reject Chinese solar farm in Yucat\u00e1n | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Residents affected by JinkoSolar\u2019s Yucat\u00e1n plant don\u2019t oppose renewables but say projects must account for local populations, flora and fauna\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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