{"id":50036071,"date":"2020-06-24T17:04:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-24T16:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=36071"},"modified":"2023-03-13T21:46:12","modified_gmt":"2023-03-13T21:46:12","slug":"36071-sugar-strengthens-its-dominance-in-agriculture-in-el-salvador","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/food\/36071-sugar-strengthens-its-dominance-in-agriculture-in-el-salvador\/","title":{"rendered":"Sugar strengthens its dominance in agriculture in El Salvador"},"content":{"rendered":"

El Salvador implemented some of the<\/span> strictest<\/span><\/a> measures to contain the coronavirus in Latin America: a mandatory quarantine with scant permissions to leave the house and stringent police surveillance. Yet the sugarcane sector was able to overcome the hurdles posed by the pandemic.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWith all the protocols and protection measures it has been more complex because supply chains are cut and transport is more difficult,\u201d said Julio Arroyo, executive director of El Salvador\u2019s Sugar Cane Association. \u201cNow that the rainy season begins we\u2019ll start the sowing. This is how we are living with the virus,\u201d he added.<\/span><\/p>\n

In early May, Salvadoran workers continued to harvest sugarcane under lockdown, taking precautionary measures that included social distancing, temperature checks, and wearing face masks. Buses transporting workers were only half full, Arroyo said.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Despite these obstacles, El Salvador has harvested over 7 million tonnes of sugarcane this year, according to the Salvadoran Council of the Sugar Agro-Industry (CONSAA). The figure is up from 6.7 million tonnes last year.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mario Salaverr\u00eda, president of the Sugar Association, <\/span>said<\/span><\/a> exports have not stopped to major Asian markets. A ship carrying 35,000 metric tonnes left for Taiwan over a month ago and another with 45,000 tonnes destined for China departed soon after.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

18%<\/p>\n

\n
\nof El Salvador's sugar exports go to China
\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

Sugar is El Salvador\u2019s largest and most profitable agricultural product, grossing over <\/span>US$200 million annually<\/span><\/a> and employing<\/span> 200,000 people<\/span><\/a>. The country<\/span> sends<\/span><\/a> 18% of sugar exports to China and 15% to the US.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Free trade agreements with<\/span> South Korea<\/span><\/a>, Taiwan, the US and Europe facilitate the trade. <\/span>Last year<\/span><\/a>,<\/span> China became the largest buyer<\/span>,<\/span> displacing Taiwan in what some observers saw as a strategic move to strengthen political ties with the Central American nation.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bittersweet success<\/h2>\n

Sugar\u2019s success has come at a price for the rest of agriculture in Salvador. Over decades, sugar\u2019s rise has fuelled inequality in rural areas as <\/span>monopolies acquire land and other resources, according to <\/span>Meraris L\u00f3pez, an environmental researcher from the Universidad Centroamericana Jos\u00e9 Sim\u00f3n Ca\u00f1as.<\/span><\/p>\n

Karen Molina, an economic researcher for <\/span>El Diario De Hoy<\/span><\/i>, said the pandemic has only exacerbated existing differences.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe sugar industry is much more organised and united than others,\u201d Molina said.\u00a0 \u201cThis has allowed them to push for their sector and against obstacles in a much stronger way.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

According to Jos\u00e9 Edilberto Guevara del Cid, who has grown coffee in western El Salvador for 28 years, the lockdown has slowed activity in the sector – once as competitive as sugar – by around 40 to 50%. <\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>Although the government issued passes that permit coffee workers to travel freely, many small producers were never informed about them or lacked the internet access necessary to obtain them.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThat has restricted us a lot,\u201d Edilberto said.<\/span><\/p>\n

Demand for coffee is also down. <\/span>In late March, global exports around the world fell by 3.7% compared to the same time last year. Prices have turned extremely volatile and a<\/span> recent report<\/span><\/a> from the International Food Policy Research Institute warns that this could drive small producers into poverty.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

El Salvador farmers primarily grow specialty coffee, gourmet beans sold for a premium at high-end roasteries and cafes in the US. But due to the pandemic, many businesses have been forced to close or limit their services.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Jose Sett\u00e9 from the International Coffee Organization (ICO) said demand has also been curtailed by the onset of the global recession. \u201cIf people are unemployed or have wages reduced the tendency is to cut back on discretionary spending,\u201d he said.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Workers in smaller agricultural sectors are also suffering the impacts of the pandemic disproportionally.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

William Rivera, a farmer from Chalatenango, a department in northwest El Salvador, told national outlet <\/span>El Economista<\/span><\/a> that he lost his entire cabbage crop because there were no buyers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Cabbage is used in the popular Salvadoran dish <\/span>pupusas<\/span><\/i>, but many restaurants are now closed. Over 10,000 agricultural workers from surrounding areas reported losing entire fields of lettuce, onion, green chilli and celery.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The future of sugar in el Salvador<\/h2>\n

Despite its current success, sugarcane could suffer too. <\/span>In April,<\/span> global sugar prices dropped 14.6%<\/span><\/a> compared to March, the second consecutive monthly decrease. Global demand for fuel has plummeted due to Covid-19 travel restrictions and sugar mills around the world have dedicated more cane to<\/span> making sugar instead of ethanol<\/span><\/a>, leading to oversupply.<\/span><\/p>\n

Julio \u00c1ngel Castro Luna, executive director of CONSAA, said the outlook is challenging:<\/span>
\n
\n<\/span>\u201cLow global sugar prices could affect the sector’s income, translating into a decrease for both cane producers and mills.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El Salvador implemented some of the strictest measures to contain the coronavirus in Latin America: a mandatory quarantine with scant permissions to leave the house and stringent police surveillance. Yet the sugarcane sector was able to overcome the hurdles posed by the pandemic.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cWith all the protocols and protection measures it has been more complex […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50000004,"featured_media":50036080,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[763],"tags":[50040317,551,600],"hashtags":[],"country":[50006305],"class_list":["post-50036071","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-food","tag-farming","tag-health","tag-trade","country-el-salvador"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSugar strengthens its dominance in agriculture in El Salvador | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sales of sugar from El Salvador to new Asian markets have enabled the sector to weather the uneven impacts of Covid-19 but the outlook is less positive\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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