{"id":50036907,"date":"2020-08-17T16:41:27","date_gmt":"2020-08-17T15:41:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=36907"},"modified":"2023-03-13T21:05:07","modified_gmt":"2023-03-13T21:05:07","slug":"36907-fires-threaten-the-amazon-once-again-what-have-we-learned","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/forests\/36907-fires-threaten-the-amazon-once-again-what-have-we-learned\/","title":{"rendered":"Fires threaten the Amazon once again. What have we learned?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This year\u2019s Amazon fire season is already breaking records. In July, there were 27% more fires in Brazil\u2019s portion of the world&#8217;s largest tropical rainforest than last year, when images of trees ablaze shocked the world. And the numbers are still growing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fires became an unwelcome hallmark of the administration of Jair Bolsonaro, Brazil\u2019s far-right president who took office in 2019. Though Brazil has invested millions in fighting fires in the Amazon since last year, the root of the problem remains intact.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fires typically follow deforestation in the Amazon, a problem Bolsonaro\u2019s administration has resisted fighting. Bolsonaro refused to strengthen the country\u2019s environmental protection agencies as increasingly large parts of the forest were converted to pasture and illegal mining sites.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fire season comes as Brazil\u2019s soy and beef exports are booming, raising concerns among foreign investors and business leaders that they\u2019re profiting from the Amazon demise.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And Brazil is struggling to change the narrative around the crisis. \u201cThis story that the Amazon is burning is a lie,\u201d president Bolsonaro said <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www1.folha.uol.com.br\/ambiente\/2020\/08\/essa-historia-de-que-a-amazonia-arde-em-fogo-e-uma-mentira-diz-bolsonaro.shtml\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in a recent <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">meeting. This year\u2019s season, however, intensifies the focus on Brazil\u2019s troubling environmental problems yet again.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So what, if anything, has changed?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What\u2019s different about the Amazon fire season this year?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The main difference this year is that there is more wood to burn.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When political and business leaders across the globe expressed outrage at Brazil\u2019s inability to stop the Amazon burning, former army captain Bolsonaro acted the only way he knew how: sending in the military.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Data suggests the military helped curb fires in the ensuing months, but they left their work incomplete. They didn\u2019t stop deforestation, which kept rising, and didn\u2019t hold the perpetrators accountable. That means that this year, farmers and land grabbers are free to burn what they meant to last year, plus all the trees they\u2019ve knocked down since.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Militarising deforestation control is not efficient&#8230;They don\u2019t have the expertise<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Research from the Amazon\u2019s Research Institute, Ipam, calculates that roughly 3,500 square miles of destroyed forest have been left to burn as of August this year. If only 60% goes up in flames, this year\u2019s season will be as bad as last year\u2019s. If all of it burns, however, it could also lead to \u201can unprecedented health calamity\u201d in the region by adding to the effects of Covid-19, Ipam wrote.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Did the world&#8217;s outrage last year make a difference?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes, but there have been no significant changes in policy or in farmers\u2019 profit margins.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Investors from Brazil and abroad reacted strongly to the government\u2019s inability to control deforestation and fires. Links between environmental destruction and the supply chains of major agribusiness players have also been called into question.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class='block--pullout-stat block--pullout-stat--float cd-shortcode--factbox'>\n                <p class='block--pullout-stat__title'>2023<\/p>\n                <div class='block--pullout-stat__content'>\n                    <br \/>\nthe year by which Cofco, China's largest grain trader, pledges to have a fully transparent soy supply chain<br \/>\n\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brazil banned fires in the Amazon after a group of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-brazil-environment\/brazil-bans-fires-in-amazon-rainforest-as-investors-demand-results-idUSKBN24A2DV\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">global investors<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> said it was concerned about the country\u2019s environmental record. Yet inaction led Nordea Asset Management, the investment arm of Europe\u2019s largest financial services group, to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2020\/jul\/28\/investors-drop-brazil-meat-giant-jbs\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">drop<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> JBS, the world\u2019s largest meat packer in July. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2020\/aug\/12\/hsbc-sounds-alarm-over-investment-in-meat-giant-jbs-due-to-deforestation-inaction?CMP=share_btn_tw\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HSBC<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> also warned investors of the risk in investing in JBS, arguing the company was unable to monitor its own supply chain for connections to illegal activity. China\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cofcointernational.com\/stories\/cofco-international-aims-for-full-traceability-of-all-directly-sourced-soy-across-brazil-by-2023\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cofco<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, one of the biggest trading companies in Brazil, promised to make its soy supply chain fully traceable by 2023.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Still, there has been little sign that investors have taken significant amounts of money out of Brazil because of environmental issues, and exports of agricultural products are booming, even as their links to illegal deforestation become apparent.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While the Chinese <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">press acknowledged the increase in deforestation in the Amazon in recent months, Chinese investors and business leaders haven\u2019t followed US and European firms\u2019 threats to divest their Brazilian assets if the issue isn\u2019t effectively addressed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Action from China could have major consequences, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/en\/agriculture\/36643-investigation-implicates-jbs-in-cattle-laundering\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">researchers say<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, as the Brazilian meat industry\u2019s dependence on Chinese buyers continues to grow. Many farmers believe that if European firms boycott them, they can simply offset their losses by turning to China.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div class='cdo-shortcode--image'><\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_36911\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-36911\" style=\"width: 1280px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-36911\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Amazon-fires-protests-London.jpg\" alt=\"Amazon fires protestors\" width=\"1280\" height=\"854\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-36911\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Activists protest against the Amazon fires outside the Brazilian Embassy in London (image: Alamy)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chinese officials have so far avoided taking a stand against surging deforestation in Brazil. During last year\u2019s fire season, the number two-ranking diplomat at the Chinese embassy in Brazil praised local environmental laws. And at a press conference earlier this year, Chinese diplomats ignored journalists\u2019 attempts to elicit comments on deforestation in the Amazon.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suely Ara\u00fajo, who was head of Brazil&#8217;s main environmental agency, Ibama, until last year, said international pressure in the late 1990\u2019s was behind the country\u2019s most important law against environmental crimes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201dIf there is one way this government will improve its policies in this area is through international pressure,\u201d she said.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What has the government done differently since last year?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government has put the military in charge of protecting the Amazon, a move that environmentalists say is a lot more expensive and a lot less effective than empowering environmental agencies.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government spends roughly 60 million BRL (US$11 million) per month on its Amazon military task force, only a little less than Ibama\u2019s annual budget for law enforcement.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But throwing money at the problem hasn\u2019t worked so far. Deforestation has kept rising and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/06\/06\/world\/americas\/amazon-deforestation-brazil.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fewer environmental<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> crimes have been reported. The Brazilian government has also repeatedly punished Ibama agents for doing their jobs \u2014 once firing the head of law enforcement after a successful massive operation against illegal mining.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cMilitarising deforestation control is not efficient,\u201d Ara\u00fajo said. \u201dThey don\u2019t have the expertise.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This year\u2019s Amazon fire season is already breaking records. In July, there were 27% more fires in Brazil\u2019s portion of the world&#8217;s largest tropical rainforest than last year, when images of trees ablaze shocked the world. And the numbers are still growing. The fires became an unwelcome hallmark of the administration of Jair Bolsonaro, Brazil\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50000004,"featured_media":50036908,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[761,50039902],"tags":[506,50029579,531],"hashtags":[],"country":[50000021],"class_list":["post-50036907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","category-forests","tag-amazon","tag-beef","tag-deforestation","country-brazil"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Amazon fires 2020: what has the world learned and done?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Early data suggests an Amazon fire season worse than last year\u2019s that scandalised the world. 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