{"id":50050975,"date":"2022-02-08T17:24:23","date_gmt":"2022-02-08T17:24:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=50975"},"modified":"2023-04-18T21:07:02","modified_gmt":"2023-04-18T20:07:02","slug":"50966-argentina-joins-china-belt-and-road-initiative","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/50966-argentina-joins-china-belt-and-road-initiative\/","title":{"rendered":"Argentina joins China\u2019s Belt and Road Initiative"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Following a bilateral meeting between presidents Alberto Fern\u00e1ndez and Xi Jinping on 6 February, Argentina has agreed to join the <a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/en\/infrastructure\/36699-coronavirus-reshapes-belt-and-road-in-latin-america\/\">Belt and Road Initiative<\/a> (BRI) \u2013 China\u2019s flagship global infrastructure development programme, which seeks to build trade and new political and economic ties with participating nations.<\/p>\n<p>After signing a memorandum of understanding at the meeting in Beijing, Argentina becomes the <a href=\"https:\/\/greenfdc.org\/countries-of-the-belt-and-road-initiative-bri\/\">21st country<\/a> from Latin America and the Caribbean to join the BRI, which launched in 2013 and first extended into the region <a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/en\/infrastructure\/10233-chinas-silk-road-reaches-the-panama-canal\/\">in 2017<\/a>. It is also the largest Latin American economy to join so far, with the accession of other major economies in the region, such as Brazil and Mexico, still pending.<\/p>\n<p>Trade between Latin America and China has increased significantly in the last decade, with its total value reaching a new peak of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.baenegocios.com\/mundo\/Comercio-entre-China-y-America-Latina-fue-record-en-2021-20220125-0036.html\">US$450 billion<\/a> in 2021. At the same time, countries in the region have signed hundreds of agreements with China and worked on dozens of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thedialogue.org\/map_list\/\">energy, transport and infrastructure projects<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Argentina has been no exception, having significantly deepened relations with China since the government of former president Cristina Fern\u00e1ndez de Kirchner (2007\u20132015). The incumbent Alberto Fern\u00e1ndez has maintained this closeness since taking office in 2019, finding in China <a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/en\/trade-investment\/latin-america-chinese-medical-aid-to-fight-coronavirus\/\">an ally during the Covid-19 pandemic<\/a> and severe economic crisis.<\/p>\n<h6><div class='cdo-shortcode--image'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.knightlab.com\/libs\/timeline3\/latest\/embed\/index.html?source=1r7AHpGtNc2sAKKQVUTNnDiYnqOg9I5ZQRnYfV0NNRFs&amp;font=Default&amp;lang=en&amp;initial_zoom=2&amp;height=650\" width=\"100%\" height=\"650\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/h6>\n<p>Along with Russia \u2013 which was the first stop on Alberto Fern\u00e1ndez\u2019s current trip \u2013 China has been one of Argentina\u2019s main suppliers of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancilleria.gob.ar\/es\/actualidad\/noticias\/covid-19-arribo-un-nuevo-vuelo-desde-china-con-insumos-medicos\">vaccines and medical equipment<\/a>. In addition, thanks to <a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/en\/trade-investment\/36865-argentina-ponders-bri-endorsement-amid-tricky-debt-restructuring\/\">currency swaps between their central banks<\/a>, China helped to increase Argentina\u2019s international reserves.<\/p>\n<p>As the countries enter a new era of their relationship, experts are welcoming an expected growth in investment, but say benefits must be shared. \u201cFor Argentina, the signing could mean the promotion of three core sectors: transport, energy and communications,\u201d said Jorge Malena, director of the Asian affairs committee of the Argentine Council for International Relations (CARI). \u201cIt will be essential that the partners agree on projects that are favourable to both countries.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>Visit and agreement with China<\/h2>\n<p>Alberto Fern\u00e1ndez\u2019s visit to Beijing comes ahead of the 50th anniversary of Argentina and China establishing diplomatic relations, as well as coinciding with the opening of the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing. The possibility of the trip had been mentioned by the government in 2021, but had ultimately been delayed due to the pandemic.<\/p>\n<p>This year, Argentina <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancilleria.gob.ar\/es\/destacados\/argentina-fue-elegida-por-aclamacion-para-la-presidencia-pro-tempore-2022-de-la-celac\">assumed<\/a> the pro tempore presidency of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC), China\u2019s main diplomatic avenue in Latin America. This gives Alberto Fern\u00e1ndez\u2019s visit even greater symbolic weight, several experts told Di\u00e1logo Chino.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAlberto Fern\u00e1ndez holds the presidency of CELAC, which is strategic for China. In addition, he has decided to go to Beijing in the context of a geopolitical battle with the United States and their [diplomatic] boycott of the Olympic Games,\u201d said Ariel Slipak, an Argentine economist and researcher who studies China\u2013Argentina relations. \u201cThe visit will also serve to reactivate many delayed infrastructure projects.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>China\u2019s Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) confirmed Argentina\u2019s accession to the BRI in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/eng\/zxxx_662805\/202202\/t20220206_10639508.html\">official statement<\/a>, adding that this will ensure the implementation of investment projects and deepen cooperation in areas such as agriculture, energy, mining and infrastructure, all within a context of green development.<\/p>\n<p>The MFA release says Alberto Fern\u00e1ndez thanked China for its support with medical supplies and vaccines during the pandemic, while Xi Jinping highlighted his desire to help Argentina expand its exports and industries. \u201cOver the past five decades, the two countries have always provided each other with mutual understanding and support,\u201d Xi said.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>In practice, China has granted close relations to many countries beyond those who have signed to the Belt and Road<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Guo Cunhai, coordinator of the Beijing-based Centre for China and Latin America Studies (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cecla.org\/es\/\">CECLA<\/a>), said that Alberto Fern\u00e1ndez\u2019s visit demonstrates support for China, and will serve to deepen the strategic relationship between the two countries. He points, in particular, to agriculture, digital economy, climate change and energy as areas that may see strengthening cooperation.<\/p>\n<p>For Latin American countries that have already signed up to the Belt and Road, closer ties with China were supposed to bring funding for energy, roads and ports, among other benefits. However, this has not always necessarily been the case, as Margaret Myers, director of the Inter-American Dialogue\u2019s Asia and Latin America Program has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscc.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-05\/Margaret_Myers_Testimony.pdf\">pointed out<\/a>. Chinese funding in the region has also <a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/en\/trade-investment\/chinese-investment-latin-america-cut-back\/\">dwindled in recent years<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Myers argues that, in any case, countries of strategic interest to China have received investment regardless of whether or not they have signed up to the BRI. Such has been the case with Brazil and Colombia, for example, which have as yet not signed up.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cChina has sought the support of Latin American countries for the Belt and Road, its main tool for international relations. But in practice it has granted close relations to many countries beyond those who have signed,\u201d Myers told Di\u00e1logo Chino. She added, however, that \u201cthis does not detract from the significance of Argentina\u2019s decision.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>New and old projects<\/h2>\n<p>Alberto Fern\u00e1ndez\u2019s trip came shortly after reaching <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2022\/01\/28\/pr2218-argentina-imf-staff-statement-on-argentina\">an agreement in principle<\/a> with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) on Argentina\u2019s US$44 billion debt. The country has seen limited financing for infrastructure projects in recent years due to its sovereign debt crisis, which has been <a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/en\/climate-energy\/30864-argentina-crisis-challenges-china-loan-repayments\/\">renegotiated several times<\/a>. Amid this background of debt renegotiations, the BRI agreement with China \u201cis a sign of the possibilities for Argentina to get alternative financing\u201d, according to Slipak.<\/p>\n<p>On Twitter, the Argentine president <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/alferdez\/status\/1490332024216985603\">claimed<\/a> that joining the Belt and Road will mean US$23 billion in Chinese investment \u2013 a figure not mentioned by China in its statement. More than half of this financing corresponds to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancilleria.gob.ar\/es\/destacados\/acuerdo-con-china-la-argentina-obtiene-financiamiento-para-obras-de-infraestructura\">projects already approved<\/a>, while the rest will be requested by Argentina in the near future.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cToday we have the opportunity to promote foreign direct investment from your country [China], to expand the participation of Argentine suppliers in infrastructure works and speed up sanitary and phytosanitary negotiations and authorisations to stimulate exports to China,\u201d Alberto Fern\u00e1ndez continued.<\/p>\n<p>Prior to the trip, the state-owned energy company Nucleoel\u00e9ctrica Argentina and the China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) signed a contract for the construction of <a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/en\/climate-energy\/45420-argentina-seeks-new-china-backed-nuclear-power-plant\/\">a fourth nuclear power plant<\/a> in Argentina, Atucha III, which will be 85% financed by Chinese banks, with CNNC providing the technology for the plant\u2019s development.<\/p>\n<p>Also prior to the trip, the Argentine ambassador to China, Sabino Vaca Narvaja, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.telam.com.ar\/notas\/202201\/581130-financiacion-represas-kirchner-y-cepernic.html\">agreed<\/a> a new financial framework to restart work on the <a href=\"http:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/en\/climate-energy\/33727-new-argentina-government-reactivates-controversial-patagonia-dams\/\">controversial Santa Cruz dams<\/a> with the president of China Energy Engineering Corporation (CEEC). In July 2021, the grace period for Argentina to start repaying the loan maturities for the project to Chinese banks expired.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to government-level agreements, Chinese companies have also announced investments. China\u2019s Zijin Mining <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lanacion.com.ar\/agencias\/minera-china-zijin-mining-invertira-380-mln-dlrs-en-proyecto-litio-en-argentina-gobierno-nid04022022\/\">will invest<\/a> US$380 million to build a lithium carbonate plant in Catamarca province, while China Electric Power Equipment and Technology (CET) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.argentina.gob.ar\/noticias\/amba-i-inversion-estrategica-por-1100-millones-de-dolares-en-transporte-electrico\">will invest<\/a> US$1.1 billion in the Buenos Aires power grid.<\/p>\n<p>Along with Fern\u00e1ndez, Ecuador\u2019s President Guillermo Lasso <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/eng\/zxxx_662805\/202202\/t20220207_10639658.html\">also visited China<\/a> last week and agreed to begin negotiating a free trade agreement between the two countries. The Ecuadorian delegation also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/es\/ecuador-y-china-inician-negociaciones-para-tratado-de-libre-comercio\/a-60675504\">discussed the nation\u2019s debt<\/a> with Chinese banks and the possibility of extending payment terms.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>President Fern\u00e1ndez meets with counterpart Xi in Beijing to sign agreement on Belt and Road, and strengthen countries\u2019 cooperation<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3882,"featured_media":50050970,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[758],"tags":[510,544,556,600],"hashtags":[],"country":[50000020,20000110],"class_list":["post-50050975","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","tag-china-in-the-world","tag-finance","tag-infrastructure","tag-trade","country-argentina","country-china"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Argentina joins China\u2019s Belt and Road Initiative | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Presidents Fern\u00e1ndez and Xi meet in Beijing to sign agreement for Argentina to join the Belt and Road, strengthening countries&#039; cooperation\" 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