{"id":50058990,"date":"2022-10-06T14:26:09","date_gmt":"2022-10-06T13:26:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=58990"},"modified":"2023-08-14T19:57:33","modified_gmt":"2023-08-14T18:57:33","slug":"58990-more-than-1700-environmental-defenders-killed-last-decade-global-witness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/justice\/58990-more-than-1700-environmental-defenders-killed-last-decade-global-witness\/","title":{"rendered":"More than 1,700 environmental defenders were killed in the last decade"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cSince November 2020, the threats, intimidation and pressure I have experienced due to my work in defence of human rights and nature are similar to those suffered by dozens of leaders living in the region. I have lived through the assassinations of three friends and environmental leaders.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00d3scar Sampayo has actively opposed oil and mining developments in the Magdalena Medio region of Colombia, documenting their impact on the local community and environment. He has been <a href=\"https:\/\/www.business-humanrights.org\/en\/latest-news\/colombia-ong-denuncia-amenazas-de-muerte-contra-%C3%B3scar-sampayo-defensor-ambiental-cr%C3%ADtico-del-fracking-2\/\">threatened<\/a> on several occasions by paramilitary groups involved in drug trafficking, such as the \u00c1guilas Negras, or Black Eagles.<\/p>\n<div class='block--pullout-stat block--pullout-stat--float cd-shortcode--factbox'>\n                <p class='block--pullout-stat__title'>68%<\/p>\n                <div class='block--pullout-stat__content'>\n                    <br \/>\nof the 1,733 murders of environmental defenders recorded by Global Witness since 2012 took place in Latin America. The region also remained the deadliest in 2021, accounting for over three-quarters of killings.<br \/>\n\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<p>After Brazil, Colombia is the country with the second highest number of murders of environmental leaders in the last decade, according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalwitness.org\/en\/campaigns\/environmental-activists\/decade-defiance\/\">latest report<\/a> by British human rights NGO Global Witness. Since 2012, a total of 1,733 activists have been killed worldwide, with 68% of cases occurring in Latin America.<\/p>\n<p>The figures underestimate the true scale of the violence, the authors of the \u201cDecade of Defiance\u201d report add. Many cases go unreported as they occur in conflict zones or in places where there are restrictions on press freedom and civil society, and inadequate independent monitoring of attacks.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, few perpetrators of killings are brought to justice because governments fail to adequately investigate the crimes. Authorities, the report says, either ignore or actively obstruct investigations into killings, often \u201cdue to the collusion between corporate and state interests\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAll over the world, Indigenous peoples and environmental defenders risk their lives for the fight against climate change and biodiversity loss. Activists and communities play a crucial role as a first line of defence against ecological collapse,\u201d said Mike Davis, Global Witness\u2019 CEO.<\/p>\n<h2>A decade of killings<\/h2>\n<p>Since Global Witness began reporting on environmental defenders ten years ago, Brazil has had the highest number of killings. Around a third of the 342 activists killed in the country since 2012 were indigenous or Afro-descendant, and more than 85% of the killings took place in the Brazilian Amazon.<\/p>\n<p><iframe class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 600px;\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" src=\"https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/7249948\/embed\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The Amazon has become the main arena for violence and impunity against defenders, the report\u2019s authors say. Since President Jair Bolsonaro came to power in 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/uncategorised\/57867-amazon-presidential-elections-motivated-race-for-forest-destruction\/\">deforestation<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/extractive-industries\/58783-mining-amazon-history-of-hope-and-conflict\/\">illegal mining<\/a> have been encouraged, while the budgets of forest protection agencies have been cut.<\/p>\n<p>Earlier this year, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-62267764\">murders<\/a> of British journalist Dom Phillips and a local indigenous expert, Bruno Pereira, drew global attention to conditions in parts of the Amazon. Phillips and Pereira had travelled to the Javari Valley, an area known to be a hotbed of illegal activities.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFor protesting against these environmental crimes and harms to our health, we have been subjected to death threats, legal harassment and smear campaigns,\u201d says Eliete Paraguassu, a Quilombola woman from the state of Bahia. \u201cWe will continue to fight the systematic environmental racism enacted toward Quilombos and the indigenous communities of Brazil.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50872\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50872\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/agriculture\/50833-natural-resources-colombia-armed-conflict\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-50872\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Colombia-resource-displacement-armed-conflict_JoseGomez_Alamy_2D06JCB-1440x720-1.jpg\" alt=\"People in a pick-up truck and military on the road\" width=\"400\" height=\"200\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50872\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Read more: <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/agriculture\/50833-natural-resources-colombia-armed-conflict\/\">Understanding the role of natural resources in Colombia\u2019s conflicts<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In Colombia, the signing of the peace agreement with armed groups is now more than five years old, but its implementation has not been adequate, Global Witness states. This has maintained land disputes and violence towards the most vulnerable groups, such as small- and medium-scale farmers and indigenous peoples.<\/p>\n<p>Such was the case of Sandra Liliana Pe\u00f1a, a leader of an indigenous community in the department of Cauca, one of the bloodiest areas of the country. She had spoken out against the growth of illegal crops and subsequently suffered threats. In 2021, she was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontlinedefenders.org\/es\/case\/killing-nasa-woman-human-rights-defender-sandra-liliana-pena-chocue\">shot dead<\/a> by four armed men.<\/p>\n<p>Mexico has also become one of the most dangerous countries for environmental defenders, with 154 murders recorded in the last decade, most of which took place between 2017 and 2021. Forced disappearances are now commonplace, carried out by organised criminal groups and corrupt government officials, the report reads.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Each and every death of a defender is a sign that our economic system is broken. There is a war over nature and the frontlines are the Earth\u2019s remaining biodiverse regions<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Indigenous territories in Mexico are said to be particularly vulnerable to large-scale extractive projects led by national and foreign companies, and supported by the government. Concerns have been expressed by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights over the lack of consultation with communities, and over attacks on those who oppose such projects.<\/p>\n<p>Global Witness highlights a case from September 2021, when authorities <a href=\"https:\/\/www.infobae.com\/america\/mexico\/2021\/11\/25\/hallazgo-de-nuevas-fosas-clandestinas-y-restos-humanos-revive-el-dolor-de-las-madres-buscadoras-de-sonora\/\">discovered<\/a> six sets of human remains near community land belonging to Yaqui peoples, in the south of the state of Sonora. The remains were thought to belong to some of a group of ten men who had disappeared the previous July. After multiple disappearances, the community targeted companies interested in Yaqui land. While officials blamed drug cartels, some community members reportedly suspect government and corporate involvement.<\/p>\n<h2>The way forward<\/h2>\n<p>Global Witness declares that the situation for environmental defenders around the world has worsened rather than improved in recent years. The growing climate and biodiversity crises, as well as the expansion of authoritarian governments, have given rise to an increase in killings since 2018.<\/p>\n<p>In 2021, the year analysed by the recent report, 200 environmental defenders were killed \u2013 or four per week. Mexico was the country with the highest number of murders (54), followed by Colombia (33) and Brazil (26). Nearly 80% of the killings in Brazil, Peru and Venezuela were in the Amazon.<\/p>\n<p>Despite the grim statistics and the increase in the number of deaths in recent years, researchers highlight some progress. In Honduras, a former energy executive was sentenced in June this year to 22 years in prison for ordering and planning the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/mundo\/noticias-america-latina-61881524\">murder<\/a> of activist Berta C\u00e1ceres in 2016.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50008\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50008\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate-energy\/42377-historic-escazu-agreement-enters-into-force\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-50008\" src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/JMX3PG-1440x720-1-662x331-1.jpeg\" alt=\"view of the andes\" width=\"400\" height=\"200\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50008\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Read more: <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate-energy\/42377-historic-escazu-agreement-enters-into-force\/\">Historic Escaz\u00fa Agreement enters into force<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Also highlighted as cause for encouragement is the <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate-energy\/52871-chile-hosts-first-summit-on-the-escazu-agreement\/\">Escaz\u00fa Agreement<\/a>, which entered into force in 2021. It is the first treaty on environment and human rights for Latin America and has among its objectives to prevent and investigate attacks on environmental defenders. Twelve Latin American countries have now ratified the agreement, including Mexico, though others such as Colombia and Brazil have yet to do so.<\/p>\n<p>Global Witness calls on governments to ensure the safety of environmental defenders by creating new laws where they do not exist and enforcing existing ones. At the same time, companies must identify and mitigate any harm from their operations on defenders and ensure corporate accountability at all levels of action.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEach and every death of a defender is a sign that our economic system is broken,\u201d Global Witness affirms. \u201cFuelled by the pursuit of profit and power, there is a war over nature and the frontlines are the Earth\u2019s remaining biodiverse regions.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>New Global Witness report reveals nearly 70% of killings occurred in Latin America, driven by land disputes, armed conflict and corruption<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3882,"featured_media":50058993,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[50039900],"tags":[502,527,50003602,555],"hashtags":[],"country":[50000021,50000025,50002597],"class_list":["post-50058990","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-justice","tag-activism","tag-crime","tag-human-rights","tag-indigenous-peoples","country-brazil","country-colombia","country-mexico"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>More than 1,700 environmental defenders were killed in the last decade | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nearly 70% of killings of environmental defenders occurred in Latin America, driven by land disputes, armed 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Kamuu Dan of the Wapishana tribe during an act. This Tuesday (14) indigenist protesters perform an act in front of the Ministry of Justice to demand the resignation of Marcelo Augusto Xavier, President of FUNAI, due to the disappearance since Sunday (05) of indigenist Bruno Pereira and Reporte Dom Phillips. (Photo: Antonio Molina\/Fotoarena)"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/justice\/58990-more-than-1700-environmental-defenders-killed-last-decade-global-witness\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"More than 1,700 environmental defenders were killed in the last decade"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/","name":"Dialogue Earth","description":"Global climate and environment news","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#organization","name":"\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5730\u7403","url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Dialogue-Earth-Symbol-Logo_Black-Text.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Dialogue-Earth-Symbol-Logo_Black-Text.png","width":256,"height":256,"caption":"\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5730\u7403"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/twitter.com\/DialogueEarth_","","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DialogueEarth.English","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/dialogue.earth\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/dialogueearth\/"],"publishingPrinciples":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/about\/"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/f24ba2ba7a17516eb6ba76277aedfae5","name":"Patrick Moore","description":"Patrick Moore is Assistant Editor for China Dialogue and Di\u00e1logo Chino. 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