{"id":50059714,"date":"2022-10-21T17:28:08","date_gmt":"2022-10-21T16:28:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=59714"},"modified":"2023-08-28T17:21:25","modified_gmt":"2023-08-28T16:21:25","slug":"59714-cccc-chinese-construction-giant-comes-to-standstill-in-brazil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/59714-cccc-chinese-construction-giant-comes-to-standstill-in-brazil\/","title":{"rendered":"CCCC: Chinese infrastructure giant comes to standstill in Brazil"},"content":{"rendered":"

When it arrived in Brazil in November 2016 with the purchase of Rio de Janeiro-based construction firm Concremat, the China Communications Construction Company (CCCC) brought the promise<\/a> of ambitious projects for the country.<\/p>\n

\n

What is the CCCC?<\/p>\n

\n
\nThe China Communications Construction Company is a Chinese state-owned enterprise that is one of the world\u2019s largest infrastructure firms, having built roads, railways, airports, ports, bridges and tunnels within China and beyond, including notable projects in the Belt and Road Initiative.
\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

The next few years saw the Chinese state-owned enterprise announce a series of suitably large-scale initiatives: a megaport in S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds, in the state of Maranh\u00e3o, with the capacity to handle the export of 10 million tonnes of grain per year; alongside domestic mining and logistics giant Vale, it would complete a railway in Par\u00e1 state linking iron ore extraction sites in the Amazon to Brazil\u2019s main ports; and in a public-private partnership with the government of Bahia state and the China Railway 20 Bureau Group (CR20), it would build the 12-kilometre Salvador-Itaparica bridge, in what would be the largest construction project on water in Latin America.<\/p>\n

The general feeling \u2013 in the market, and among many political leaders \u2013 was that CCCC would soon help catapult Brazil\u2019s infrastructure agenda. One of the world\u2019s largest construction companies, and a contractor for many notable projects along China\u2019s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), CCCC had the resources and track record to make that goal a reality.<\/p>\n

Half a decade later, however, none of its major projects have left the drawing board.<\/p>\n

Last year, CCCC announced its exit from the S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds megaport. The sale of its stake in the project was concluded<\/a> in February this year, transferred to Brazilian firm Cosan for 720 million reais<\/a> (US$138 million). Its two other major projects have also seen little progress, and CCCC \u2013 once held to be a major player in potential auctions \u2013 showed no interest in submitting proposals for a number of significant tenders held recently in the country.<\/p>\n

Experts see it as a curious development, especially at a time when Brazil is once again attracting the attention of international investors. \u201cAlthough we are in a difficult situation, in a post-pandemic scenario in which investments have contracted, we see a recovery process,\u201d says Alessandra Ribeiro, partner and director for macroeconomics and sector analysis at Tend\u00eancias Consultoria in S\u00e3o Paulo. \u201cThis step by the Chinese company, to exit a major project, seems isolated and goes against what we observe more generally.\u201d<\/p>\n

Changing scenery in China and Brazil<\/h2>\n

It is not yet clear whether the CCCC\u2019s move is merely a hesitation \u2013 common in the run-up to elections, such as those currently taking place in Brazil<\/a> \u2013 or whether it represents a retreat, and one that highlights not only the great challenges of investing in the Latin American country, but also current developments in China.<\/p>\n

\"A<\/a>
Read more: Chinese investments in Brazil have grown rapidly and are long-lasting<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

When it launched its Belt and Road in 2013, with ambitions to build major logistics corridors of railways, ports and airports that would boost trade relations and the transportation of goods around the world, China had accumulated years of double-digit growth. The country had a clear purpose and resources to finance its companies worldwide. Latin America, and Brazil in particular<\/a>, benefited from this.<\/p>\n

Now, the landscape is a little different. Pressured by post-pandemic domestic concerns and a GDP outlook that is shy by its standards \u2013 forecast at around 3%<\/a> for 2022 \u2013 China has been cutting back on contributions around the world; there was a 5.5% decline in Chinese foreign direct investment 2021 compared to 2020, according to UNCTAD<\/a>, the UN agency for trade and development. The country has also started to prioritise certain projects and regions, turning its attention to large projects in Asia and Africa.<\/p>\n

State-owned CCCC seems to be one such Chinese entity following this new route. In Latin America, only one project was highlighted<\/a> in its most recent financial reports: the Mayan Train<\/a> in Mexico.<\/p>\n

Other factors that may be influencing CCCC\u2019s change of tack in Brazil, such as labour legislation, a complex Brazilian tax structure and cultural challenges, as listed by the CCCC in a wide-ranging 2019 statement<\/a>, originally published by China\u2019s Ministry of Commerce and republished by state media outlet Xinhua.<\/p>\n

In June 2021, in one of its few statements to the press in Brazil, the then executive director of CCCC in the country, Helder Dantas, told financial newspaper Valor Econ\u00f4mico<\/a> that it was difficult to explain the often excessive Brazilian bureaucracy to Chinese colleagues, that it was difficult to obtain financing and that land issues were delaying the construction of the port in Maranh\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

Obstacles for CCCC<\/h2>\n

Of all CCCC\u2019s projects in the country, the port in Maranh\u00e3o proved to be particularly challenging. Located near the state capital S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds, in an area of forests and mangroves, the project was designed to occupy an area where the indigenous community of Cajueiro<\/a> is located \u2013 a village with families engaged in fishing and extractive activities, and whose roots in the area date back to the 19th century.<\/p>\n

\"vessels<\/a>
Read more: New Par\u00e1 railway divides the state<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tensions in the area are long-standing and predate the arrival of CCCC, but as the consortium led by the company appeared reticent to engage with local demands, the situation was aggravated. \u201cThere was no respect for the community on the part of the companies that were involved,\u201d says Haroldo Paiva de Brito, a prosecutor on agrarian conflicts in the Maranh\u00e3o State Public Ministry.<\/p>\n

As for its Par\u00e1 railway, CCCC encountered problems with the local population, with concerns raised over the risks of such a large-scale undertaking in a region of sensitive biodiversity, and passing through quilombola<\/em> communities and indigenous villages<\/a>. So far there has been no clarification on the execution of the project.<\/p>\n

As for the Salvador-Itaparica bridge in Bahia, in August this year, the State Public Prosecutor\u2019s Office recommended<\/a> that technical studies be carried out for its construction, given its potential impact on nearby protected areas in Salvador, Itaparica and Vera Cruz. The new forecast<\/a> is that the work will begin in 2023.<\/p>\n

International action and reaction<\/h2>\n

The political landscape in Brazil may also have had a bearing on the CCCC\u2019s current stance, considering the often belligerent stance on Chinese investments of the current Jair Bolsonaro government.<\/p>\n

On taking office in January 2019, Bolsonaro sought to cosy up the US \u2013 and the Trump administration \u2013 at a time when the trade war between the US and China was at its most heated. Though more rhetorical than effective, it served to dent the image of good Brazilian diplomacy and impacted the relations Brazil has always maintained with the Asian country.<\/p>\n

There have also been barbs traded: one of the cases with the greatest repercussions happened in March 2020, when federal deputy Eduardo Bolsonaro, son of the president, blamed China for the coronavirus in a tweet. The message was retweeted by the then Chinese ambassador, Yang Wanming, with its embassy in Brazil issuing an official response<\/a>.<\/p>\n

For agribusiness, the government\u2019s stance has a minor impact. But for large infrastructure works that require huge investment and approvals, it is not possible to separate these things<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The president of the Brazil-China Chamber of Commerce (CCIBC), Charles Tang, was one of those who went public to warn about the risks of this friction. He said that comments against China can generate more bureaucracy and put the brakes on projects. \u201cWithout accusations, there would be more closed deals,\u201d he told UOL<\/a> in May 2021.<\/p>\n

China remains Brazil\u2019s largest trading partner. Chinese businesses are also among the main foreign investors<\/a> in the country\u2019s infrastructure and technology sectors. But it is undeniable that relations have been affected by such episodes.<\/p>\n

\u201cFor agribusiness or even foreign trade, the government\u2019s stance has a minor impact. But when it comes to large infrastructure works that require huge volumes of investment, licences and approvals, it is not possible to separate these things,\u201d said Pedro Brites, professor at the School of International Relations at the Get\u00falio Vargas Foundation in Rio de Janeiro.<\/p>\n

For him, the posture taken by the current government is not only inconsistent with the pacifist history of Brazilian diplomacy, but also places Brazil in a subordinate position on the international stage. \u201cIt\u2019s no wonder that there is a lot of expectation about the October elections. There is a great demand from the G7 countries themselves for Brazil to return to being the important interlocutor it has been throughout the South American region,\u201d Brites commented.<\/p>\n

\"Xi<\/a>
Read more: What Brazil\u2019s elections could mean for relations with China<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The track record of the incumbent Jair Bolsonaro and former president Luiz In\u00e1cio Lula da Silva, the two candidates for the 30 October second round of presidential elections, does not leave much room for surprises in the field of international politics.<\/p>\n

Bolsonaro\u2019s hostility to China is evident, while a prospective Lula government may be more open to dialogue and Chinese investments. Celso Amorim, a former foreign minister during the previous Lula government and today his main advisor on international affairs, recently told Di\u00e1logo Chino<\/a> that if the former president is elected, China will have an important place in his international policy. \u201cWe will pick relations up where we left them in the Lula and Dilma governments, with very good partnerships, with very good coordination,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

In a milder way, and without naming the current government or Lula\u2019s Workers\u2019 Party, the CCIBC\u2019s Tang told Di\u00e1logo Chino that \u201cthe political lack of definition in the pre-election period ends up putting many projects on hold\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cI have no doubt, however, that by 2023 things will be accelerated, especially if the government has the same \u2018affection\u2019 for China that China has always shown for Brazil,\u201d Tang added.<\/p>\n

China Communications Construction Company did not respond to interview requests for this story.<\/p>\n

Yedan Li contributed additional reporting for this article.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Amid uncertain times at home and in Brazil, stalled projects raise doubts about the future of Asia\u2019s largest infrastructure builder in the South American country<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3882,"featured_media":50059747,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[758],"tags":[510,20000325,556],"hashtags":[],"country":[50000021,20000110],"class_list":["post-50059714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","tag-china-in-the-world","tag-industry","tag-infrastructure","country-brazil","country-china"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCCCC: Chinese infrastructure giant comes to standstill in Brazil | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Amid uncertain times in China and Brazil, stalled CCCC projects raise doubts over future of infrastructure firm in the South American country\" 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He holds an MSc in Environment & Development from King\u2019s College London.","url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/author\/pat-moore\/","sameAs":["https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/author\/raquelgrisotto\/"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50059714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3882"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50059714"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50059714\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50059747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50059714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50059714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50059714"},{"taxonomy":"hashtags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hashtags?post=50059714"},{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country?post=50059714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}