{"id":50060450,"date":"2022-11-10T18:34:56","date_gmt":"2022-11-10T18:34:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.dialogochino.net\/?p=60450"},"modified":"2023-09-11T15:59:35","modified_gmt":"2023-09-11T14:59:35","slug":"60433-cop27-latin-america-unity-climate-summit-egypt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/60433-cop27-latin-america-unity-climate-summit-egypt\/","title":{"rendered":"COP27: Latin America edges towards unity on climate at Egypt summit"},"content":{"rendered":"

Latin American presidents and environment ministers have used the United Nations\u2019 COP27<\/a> climate change conference to call for greater regional alignment on climate policy, as a joint declaration set out unified positions for the region.<\/p>\n

In most UN settings, on trade or human rights, for example, the region\u2019s 33 nations coordinate negotiations \u2013 or at least attempt to \u2013 as a single bloc, the Latin American and Caribbean Group (GRULAC). But the region has long been fragmented on climate change, which has robbed it of the power to speak from a majority. In the opening days of the COP27 summit in Egypt, there have been signs of change.<\/p>\n

\"solar<\/a>
Read more: What is COP27? This year\u2019s crucial climate talks, explained<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

On Wednesday, the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC), a bloc that brings together all the countries of the region, except Brazil<\/a>, presented a joint declaration<\/a> detailing shared aims for the summit and climate action in general. The document stresses the need for financing and to strengthen the role of GRULAC in climate negotiations.<\/p>\n

The countries, the declaration reads, \u201creaffirm the importance of reinforcing coordination in the various multilateral forums, with a view to strengthening synergies and articulation in climate negotiations.\u201d A strengthened GRULAC, they say, can help in \u201cpromoting the articulation of priorities\u201d.<\/p>\n

Echoing one of COP27\u2019s key sticking points, the document also highlights \u201cthe need for greater provision of public resources by developed countries to developing countries\u201d. It also makes calls to encourage the development of innovative climate finance instruments, such as sovereign bonds, guarantee funds and debt swaps<\/a> for climate action.<\/p>\n

\"Latin
Latin American ministers and climate officials present the CELAC joint declaration on climate action at COP27 in Sharm el-Sheikh, 9 November (Image: Ferm\u00edn Koop)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Over the years, the region has negotiated via different groups at climate conferences. These include the Independent Association of Latin America and the Caribbean (AILAC), the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA) and the group of Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay, also referred to as ABU.<\/p>\n

Argentina\u2019s climate change secretary, Cecilia Nicolini, lamented the lack of \u201cgreater twinning\u201d in Latin America on climate negotiations, saying that it was \u201ca shame\u201d that Latin America has previously been unable to negotiate together \u2013 something the document begins to address.<\/p>\n

Susana Muhamad, Colombia\u2019s environment minister, welcomed the declaration\u2019s release, adding that Latin America wants to become a negotiating bloc in principle, based on certain common issues such as financing and debt swaps. \u201cWe have to be united even if we have disagreements. The document is a powerful first step,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

Latin America seeks to not go unnoticed<\/h2>\n

This year\u2019s UN climate change conference will see over 30,000 participants arrive in the Egyptian city of Sharm el-Sheikh, including country delegations, civil society representatives and journalists. Dubbed by many as \u201cthe African COP<\/a>\u201d, the meeting has brought high visibility for African countries and their climate calls, but so far a little less for Latin America, with limited presence of leaders from the region.<\/p>\n

Colombia has its own pavilion at the summit, as do Venezuela, Panama, El Salvador, the Dominican Republic and Chile, where different activities and events are taking place. Brazil has an official national government pavilion, but also two parallel pavilions \u2013 one for civil society and the other for the governors of its Amazonian states.<\/p>\n

\"Mia
Mia Mottley, prime minister of Barbados, speaking at COP27: \u201cWe have the collective capacity to transform\u201d (Image: UN \/ Kiara Worth \/ CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Among the region\u2019s presidents and prime ministers in attendance during the first days of the conference were Gustavo Petro (Colombia), Nicol\u00e1s Maduro (Venezuela), Mia Mottley (Barbados), Gaston Browne (Antigua and Barbuda) and Chan Santokhi (Suriname). Although he will not assume the presidency until January, Brazil\u2019s recently elected Lula da Silva is also expected to arrive in Egypt, with his attendance, though unofficial, warmly welcomed<\/a> by environmentalists.<\/p>\n

In his address to the conference, Colombia\u2019s Petro presented a \u201cdecalogue<\/a>\u201d of actions in the face of the climate crisis, calling for a \u201cmobilisation of humanity, devaluation of the hydrocarbon economy, avoiding war and moving to a decarbonised economy\u201d, among others. His \u201cdecalogue\u201d also called to modify the functioning of organisations such as the International Monetary Fund.<\/p>\n

For his part, Venezuela\u2019s Maduro described the climate crisis as a \u201cself-fulfilling prophecy\u201d that must be confronted with \u201cconcrete, urgent and immediate\u201d actions. He also criticised the \u201cdestructive capitalist model\u201d that generates imbalances between global economies and called for financial assistance for the countries most affected by climate change.<\/p>\n

The simple political will to deliver seems unable to be found<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Barbadian Prime Minister Mia Mottley\u2019s speech was one of the summit\u2019s most lauded, receiving rousing applause \u201cWe have the collective capacity to transform. We know what it is to remove slavery from our civilisation\u2026 to be able to find a vaccine within two years when a pandemic hits us\u2026 and to put a man on the moon,\u201d she said. \u201cBut the simple political will to not just make promises but to deliver on them and make a difference seems unable to be found.\u201d<\/p>\n

For Adri\u00e1n Mart\u00ednez, director of Ruta al Clima, an organisation that promotes citizen participation in climate governance, Latin America has arrived at the COP and tried its best to not be \u201cinvisible\u201d at the summit. \u201cIt is a discussion very much dominated by Africa, which overshadows [our] region,\u201d he said, adding that Latin American countries may struggle to \u201cappear in this obscurity\u201d, even larger regional players such as Brazil and Colombia.<\/p>\n

Priority issues for Latin America at COP27<\/h2>\n

Despite their fragmentation into different blocs, the speeches of Latin American leaders at COP27 have emphasised several priority issues for the region, many of them shared. Chief among them has been the call for increased finance to address the effects of the climate crisis, to support emissions reductions and for the protection of forests, notably the Amazon.<\/p>\n

An upcoming report by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), a preview of which was presented at COP27, revealed that the region currently has access to US$22 billion in climate finance for mitigation and adaptation. But by 2030, the commission reports, between $154 billion and $198 billion will be needed.<\/p>\n

\"Aerial<\/a>
Read more: Is finance for climate action \u2018flowing\u2019?<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cLatin America has not been at the centre of the conversation and this is worrying for certain issues such as financing. That\u2019s why it has to position itself,\u201d said Sandra Guzman, coordinator of the Climate Finance Group for Latin America and the Caribbean (GFLAC). \u201cIt is a region that has a lot to give but has not done so in a comprehensive way.\u201d<\/p>\n

At a side event to the summit, presidents Petro and Maduro called for greater protection of the Amazon rainforest. To this end, they proposed relaunching the Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organisation<\/a>, an agreement signed in 1978 with Brazil, Bolivia, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela that recognises the transboundary nature of the biome.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe are determined to revitalise the Amazon rainforest to give humanity an important victory in the fight against climate change,\u201d said Petro, who recalled his previous commitment<\/a> to allocate $200 million dollars to protect the biome in Colombia. Maduro, meanwhile, called for \u201cstopping the destruction and initiating a process of recovery\u201d. There was also an invitation to participate extended to the incoming Lula, with Petro describing Brazil\u2019s involvement as \u201cabsolutely strategic\u201d.<\/p>\n

Latin America has not been at the centre of the conversation, which is worrying for issues such as financing<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Elsewhere, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guyana and Colombia, together with 22 other countries, launched The Forest & Climate Leaders\u2019 Partnership<\/a>, an alliance to halt forest loss and land degradation by 2030, promoting sustainable development. The partnership comes with funding from Germany and the United Kingdom for implementation in the coming years, and follows the commitments on forests made at last year\u2019s COP26 summit<\/a> in Glasgow<\/p>\n

COP27 will continue until 18 November, with the second week focused on negotiations, seeking to finalise outstanding details of the implementation of the Paris Agreement, such as carbon markets, as well as a new financing mechanism for loss and damage for the already visible effects of climate change.<\/p>\n

This story was produced as part of the 2022 Climate Change Media Partnership, a journalism fellowship organized by Internews’ Earth Journalism Network and the Stanley Center for Peace and Security.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Signs of fewer rifts and more alignment among region\u2019s governments during first week of UN climate conference, offering hope of smoother negotiations as a single bloc<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3882,"featured_media":50060465,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[761],"tags":[529,544,569],"hashtags":[],"country":[50000020,50041575,50000021,50000024,50000025,50000023,50002594,50006305,50002595,50002599,50002601,50002604],"class_list":["post-50060450","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","tag-debt","tag-finance","tag-negotiations","country-argentina","country-barbados","country-brazil","country-chile","country-colombia","country-costa-rica","country-ecuador","country-el-salvador","country-guyana","country-panama","country-peru","country-venezuela"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCOP27: Latin America 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