{"id":50361373,"date":"2022-12-06T18:10:26","date_gmt":"2022-12-06T18:10:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dialogochino.net\/?p=61373"},"modified":"2023-09-13T20:08:26","modified_gmt":"2023-09-13T19:08:26","slug":"361364-chile-green-hydrogen-market-obstacles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/361364-chile-green-hydrogen-market-obstacles\/","title":{"rendered":"Chile\u2019s push to enter global green hydrogen market faces obstacles"},"content":{"rendered":"

Two years ago, Chile set itself the goal of becoming one of the world\u2019s main producers of green hydrogen<\/a>, the clean, combustible gas often dubbed the \u201cfuel of the future\u201d. But the country has since encountered difficulties, including disputes<\/a> over a new research hub aimed at boosting its hydrogen industry. Meanwhile, industry experts have voiced concerns over Chile\u2019s lack of focus on generating domestic demand for the fuel.<\/p>\n

\n

What is \u201cgreen\u201d hydrogen?<\/p>\n

\n
\nHydrogen gas releases no greenhouse gas emissions when it is burned, but has often been obtained as a by-product of polluting processes. Hydrogen can be considered \u201cgreen\u201d if produced using renewable energy sources such as wind or solar power, which also emit no greenhouse gases.\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

In November 2020, Chile presented its National Green Hydrogen Strategy<\/a>. By 2025, it aims to reach 5 GW of renewable energy capacity dedicated to electrolysis \u2013 the process of splitting water with electricity that is used to create \u201cgreen\u201d hydrogen<\/a>. With this, Chile intends to produce the world\u2019s cheapest green hydrogen by 2030, and make the country one of the top three exporters of the fuel by 2040.<\/p>\n

The strategy was due to be updated in 2025 to account for advances in technology and infrastructure expected by that date. But in August, the government of President Gabriel Boric brought this update forward to the end of this year, and added a new timeline for the allocation of public land for project development.<\/p>\n

A spokesperson for the Chilean Ministry of Economy told Di\u00e1logo Chino that the aim is for green hydrogen to \u201cgenerate an industry that promotes a new development model focused on the generation of local value.\u201d The strengthening of green hydrogen production would also help reduce emissions and promote more sustainable growth, they added.<\/p>\n

In August, the Boric government launched a new committee<\/a> for the development of a national green hydrogen industry. With various ministries participating, the group will seek to boost state support for the sector. This came alongside the launch of the government\u2019s energy sector agenda<\/a> to 2026, which mentions efforts to promote the deployment of the country\u2019s first 10 green hydrogen projects.<\/p>\n

Corfo, the government agency in charge of supporting entrepreneurship and innovation, signed agreements<\/a> at the end of 2021 to provide US$50 million in finance for the country\u2019s first six green hydrogen projects, which are expected to attract US$1 billion in domestic and foreign investment.<\/p>\n

The Faro del Sur Project, led by the local subsidiary of Italian corporation Enel Green Power, will produce 25,000 tonnes of green hydrogen per year in Magallanes, the country\u2019s southernmost region. Global multinational Linde\u2019s HyPro Aconcagua project is expected to generate 3,000 tonnes of green hydrogen per year, replacing a portion of conventional \u201cgrey\u201d hydrogen production at an oil refinery in the central Valpara\u00edso region. Meanwhile, Chilean mining and steel company CAP will build a plant in the Biob\u00edo region that is expected to produce 1,550 tonnes of green hydrogen per year.<\/p>\n

\"Gabriel<\/a>
Read more: What challenges face Chile\u2019s new \u2018environmentalist\u2019 government?<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Two projects will be located in the northern Antofagasta region: the HyEx green hydrogen project led by French energy company Engie, and the Antofagasta Mining Energy Renewable (AMER) project. The six-strong roster is completed by Green Hydrogen Quintero Bay, a project in the Valpara\u00edso region led by domestic gas firm GNL Quintero and Spanish multinational Acciona Energ\u00eda.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhat is being done is to drive, from the state and from the companies, the creation of an industry that will bring us zero-emissions energy, and one that will bring development, sophistication, green jobs and incentives for the development of human capital,\u201d said Mar\u00eda Paz de la Cruz, general manager of H2 Chile, the Chilean hydrogen association.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis shows the transversal impulse that is being given to this industry, so as to turn Chile, in the medium term, into one of the countries capable of offering the most competitive hydrogen,\u201d she added.<\/p>\n

But while Chile has so far moved in the right direction, the country faces a number of obstacles if its nascent green hydrogen industry is to fulfil its goals.<\/p>\n

This is an industry that will bring us zero-emissions energy, development, sophistication and green jobs<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Miguel Arrar\u00e1s, director for Chile at Acciona Energ\u00eda, said the company\u2019s Quintero Bay project could be put at risk because of a currently insufficient demand. \u201cWe have had conversations with some industries in the area, but we are in negative profitability with [current] prices. It is not assured that the plant can be built,\u201d he warned<\/a> at an event in August.<\/p>\n

Elsewhere, Enel Green Power recently announced<\/a> that it had decided to withdraw its plans for a proposed wind farm that would help power green hydrogen production at its Faro del Sur project, following an initial environmental impact assessment by the state. The company said the observations and demands made of the project had \u201cexceeded the usual standard\u201d, and that all the information requested had been provided. The government, meanwhile, said<\/a> the project \u201csuffers from a serious lack of information\u201d.<\/p>\n

Focusing on exports<\/h2>\n

At the end of August, Hermann von M\u00fchlenbrock, a prominent Chilean businessman and former president of the Federation of Chilean Industry (Sofofa), wrote of his dissatisfaction with the government\u2019s strategy for the green hydrogen industry, in an opinion piece<\/a> for the newspaper El Mercurio.<\/p>\n

One of his complaints focused on the agreement<\/a> signed between the Chilean Ministry of Energy and the Port of Hamburg in Germany to export green hydrogen \u2013 an agreement in which the private sector was absent. Private participation is necessary, von M\u00fchlenbrock said, as meeting the targets of the national green hydrogen strategy could require an investment of \u201cover US$2 billion\u201d in each project.<\/p>\n

\"a<\/a>
Read more: Chile aims to become a green hydrogen powerhouse<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Patricio Lillo, an engineering professor at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, agrees with this analysis. \u201cAll the focus has been on exporting green hydrogen and not on domestic consumption,\u201d he told Di\u00e1logo Chino.<\/p>\n

Lillo added that this has, among other issues, led to little work being done on the land-use planning required for the development of an industry with a potentially vast footprint.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt is necessary to plan the way in which the territory is occupied. It is not only about the sum of local impacts, but a more general view of the necessary infrastructure to be installed, such as electricity transmission lines, roads, pipelines in ports and water desalination plants, among others,\u201d Lillo said. Planning at the country level can considerably reduce the impact, he added.<\/p>\n

The hydrogen association\u2019s Paz de la Cruz echoed this sense of urgency to provide clarity on land-use planning, and on how issues such as permits or the use of strategic infrastructure will be made viable. \u201cPlanning processes are key to obtaining social licences for initiatives, in which all the areas that will be affected by the installation of projects are made clear,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

Paz de la Cruz added that it is also necessary to generate the conditions for green hydrogen initiatives to reach commercial scale, in order to take advantage of opportunities for the development of a local industry and for export. \u201cWe believe that a future issue for the country is to encourage foreign investment in energy-intensive industries, such as cement or steel. By setting up [a green hydrogen industry] in Chile, they would have access to energy with a clear green quality,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

Technology drive on hold<\/h2>\n

One of the key pillars highlighted by both the National Green Hydrogen Strategy and the 2022\u20132026 Energy Agenda is the development of local technology, a push that has recently stalled.<\/p>\n

In January 2021, the previous government, which left office in March of this year, opened a tender<\/a> through Corfo for the establishment of the Chilean Institute of Clean Technologies (ITL), a research and development centre to be located in the Antofagasta region. The tender was awarded to a consortium made up by Associated Universities Inc \u2013 a research organisation sponsored by nine US universities \u2013 in conjunction with four Chilean universities.<\/p>\n

All the focus has been on exporting green hydrogen and not on domestic consumption<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The Association for the Development of the Clean Technology Institute (ASDIT), led by 11 Chilean universities alongside other institutions, also submitted a proposal to run the ITL, and complained about the outcome of the tender, citing flaws in the process.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe are obliged to make public our deep disappointment, as we find it absurd that an international consortium, with few links to the Chilean mining and energy world, intends to lead, through the ITL, a proposal for the development of a new industry for our country,\u201d ASDIT said in a statement<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Eventually, an investigative commission of the Chamber of Deputies, the country\u2019s lower house of congress, produced a report<\/a> in December 2021 in which it concluded that the proposal presented by ASDIT was far superior to that of AUI. The supreme court then invalidated the award<\/a> this July, and Corfo finally agreed to reallocate the supervision of the research institute, but did not give a definite date.<\/p>\n

Di\u00e1logo Chino approached Corfo for comment on the progress of this process, and on the impact delays to the ITL may have on the development of Chile\u2019s green hydrogen industry, but did not receive a response.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The country aims to build a world-leading green hydrogen industry by 2040, but experts point to a need to generate domestic demand as state efforts to boost the sector stutter <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3882,"featured_media":50361376,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[758],"tags":[18132,580,597],"hashtags":[],"country":[50000024],"class_list":["post-50361373","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","tag-hydrogen","tag-policy","tag-technology","country-chile"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nChile\u2019s push to enter global green hydrogen market faces obstacles | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Chile wants a world-leading green hydrogen industry by 2040, but experts point to a need to grow domestic demand as state efforts stutter\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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He holds an MSc in Environment & Development from King\u2019s College London.","url":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/author\/pat-moore\/","sameAs":["https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/author\/lorenaguzman\/"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50361373","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3882"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50361373"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50361373\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50361376"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50361373"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50361373"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50361373"},{"taxonomy":"hashtags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hashtags?post=50361373"},{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country?post=50361373"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}