{"id":50363736,"date":"2023-02-28T17:38:37","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T17:38:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dialogochino.net\/?p=63736"},"modified":"2023-06-08T13:38:53","modified_gmt":"2023-06-08T12:38:53","slug":"363736-sustainable-business-and-the-struggle-for-peace-in-choco","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/363736-sustainable-business-and-the-struggle-for-peace-in-choco\/","title":{"rendered":"Sustainable business and the struggle for peace in Choc\u00f3"},"content":{"rendered":"

Stretching from the Pacific ocean to the Caribbean, the Colombian department of Choc\u00f3 is a land of natural and cultural abundance. The basin of the Atrato River, which flows into the Gulf of Urab\u00e1 near the Panamanian border, holds a dense equatorial rainforest, largely still intact. It is home to Afro-descendant communities and Indigenous Embera and Katio peoples, and the capital Quibd\u00f3 is one of the most important cities in the Colombian Pacific.<\/p>\n

The easiest route to Quibd\u00f3 from Medell\u00edn, the capital of the neighbouring department of Antioquia, is via a zigzagging and unstable road that descends from the Andes mountain range into the jungle. On a quiet day, this journey takes seven to eight hours. However, the landslides that often block the roads make guessing the time of arrival a fool\u2019s game.<\/p>\n

The complicated geography and the dense and rugged forests make communication difficult. Some areas can only be reached by plane or boat. This inaccessibility makes it an ideal place for armed groups who profit from drug trafficking and extortion, and who have taken over one of the most biodiverse places in Colombia. And the remote terrain hasn\u2019t prevented environmental destruction: 30,600 hectares<\/a> of primary rainforest \u2013 equivalent to an area twice the size of Miami \u2013 was lost between 2002 and 2021.<\/p>\n

If that were not enough, poverty is a constant here. In Quibd\u00f3, the department’s most developed city, 70% of the population is considered poor<\/a>.<\/p>\n

In this context the local population has begun to look for business opportunities that allow them to earn an income without harming their environment.
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"one
In Quibd\u00f3, plantains are carried by boat, one of the few forms of transportation in this remote region (Image: Mussi Katz \/ Flickr<\/a> \/ CC0<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Green hope<\/h2>\n

One of the key pledges of the new Colombian government is environmental protection. At the last United Nations climate change conference in November 2022, President Gustavo Petro proposed \u201c10 commandments<\/a>\u201d for action on climate change and spoke of \u201cvaluing the branches of the decarbonised economy\u201d. Also last November, during the country\u2019s first national meeting on biodiversity, the National Green Business Plan 2030<\/a> was presented, a 200-page document that aims to promote and scale up sustainable businesses in Colombia.<\/p>\n

Andreina Gonz\u00e1lez, from the green business office of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development, says that the green business plan is expected to reverse the destruction of Colombia\u2019s natural forests, protect 30% of marine areas, contribute to carbon neutrality by 2050, promote green jobs and consolidate the income of sustainable ventures across the country.<\/p>\n

The plan includes support to help sustainable enterprises \u2013 businesses that have a positive effect, or at least minimal negative impact, on the environment \u2013 to scale up and consolidate. Across the country there are 4,162 green businesses<\/a>, according to figures from the Ministry of the Environment.<\/p>\n

They already have a presence in 750 municipalities in Colombia, contributing approximately 700 billion pesos (US$146 million) to the country\u2019s economy \u2013 a modest figure, but one which is growing. The latest official figures<\/a> show a 30% increase in the number of green businesses in the year to May 2022.<\/p>\n

For the people of Choc\u00f3, green business could offer a path to a better future. To date, the department is home to 163 such enterprises.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"small
Women wash dishes on the riverside in Quibd\u00f3, Colombia (Image: Mussi Katz \/ Flickr<\/a> \/ CC0<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

A win-win opportunity<\/h2>\n

In 2022, Colombia\u2019s Ombudsman’s Office<\/a> issued three early warnings about imminent risks to the population of Choc\u00f3 due to clashes between armed groups and drug traffickers increasing in the area.<\/p>\n

The latest alert related to an armed strike in the lower Choc\u00f3 last December, announced<\/a> by the National Liberation Army (ELN), the largest remaining guerrilla group in the country. In Colombia, armed strikes refer to actions by illegal armed groups in which they attack civilian life and official armed forces, by blocking roads and restricting mobility. The ELN claimed this was to control the military actions of The Gulf Clan (Clan del Golfo), another paramilitary group that profits from drug trafficking and has challenged the ELN\u2019s territorial control in the Choc\u00f3 jungles.<\/p>\n

Carlos Devia, an expert in sustainable business and a professor at the Faculty of Environmental and Rural Studies at Javeriana University, believes there is a relationship between the conflict and the lack of opportunities in territories such as Choc\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Sustainable business is a win-win opportunity for the country. If the communities benefit, so do the rest of us.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u201cSustainable business is a win-win opportunity for the country,\u201d he tells Di\u00e1logo Chino. \u201cIf the communities benefit, so do the rest of us. That’s what we have to aim for.\u201d<\/p>\n

He also points to the need to provide a market to attract more entrepreneurs. \u201cThe coca leaf grower is in this business because he has an effective buyer,\u201d says Devia. \u201cHe has a market where he is guaranteed a sale and a profit. The same needs to happen for green businesses and other crops, to make them sustainable.\u201d<\/p>\n

The total absence of state services, such as electricity, drinking water and access roads, is a major obstacle in remote areas of the country like Choc\u00f3, Devia adds. \u201cEven access to a telephone is very hard to come by in many communities,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n

Nevertheless, he believes there is a huge potential to create alternative and sustainable livelihoods. This is a necessity in a country like Colombia, where half the territory \u2013 50 million hectares \u2013 is forest.<\/p>\n

The green business plan should be adopted as a long-term plan for Colombia, one which transcends different political administrations, Devia believes: this would help to \u201ckeep violence and law-breaking at bay throughout the country.\u201d<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"brick
In remote areas of Choc\u00f3, there is a lack of electricity, drinking water and other essential services (Image: Mussi Katz \/ Flickr<\/a>\/ CC0<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Threats and extortion<\/h2>\n

Alicia Mejia* is the founder of a sustainable business in Choc\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\u201cEntrepreneurship has not been an easy task,\u201d she tells Di\u00e1logo Chino. \u201cUnfortunately we have big problems with public order.\u201d After facing threats and extortion from a local gang, who sought bribes from her in exchange for allowing her to carry out her business in safety, she fled to Medell\u00edn together with her family. She now makes secret visits to Choc\u00f3 to oversee the work at her factory.<\/p>\n

\u201cHe who does not pay dies,\u201d says Mejia. \u201cWe decided to leave. At this moment I am in mourning. It is very sad to have to flee as if we were the criminals.\u201d Mejia wants more support from the state so her business can thrive without the fear of violence.<\/p>\n

Tourism potential<\/h2>\n

On the coast of Choc\u00f3 lies Nuqu\u00ed, a dream destination, where dense jungle meets the Pacific Ocean. It is not accessible by land, and must be reached by plane or by sea. Between July and October, groups of humpback whales come from Antarctica \u2013 8,500 kilometres away \u2013 to give birth in its warm waters.<\/p>\n

The beauty of the landscape is set against a backdrop of armed conflict and deforestation. But the locals believe tourism can be a way of promoting sustainable development while protecting the environment.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"humpback
Humpback whale during the breeding season near the coast of Nuqu\u00ed, Choc\u00f3 (Image: Alamy)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u201cWe defend the territory, the conservation of the environment, the rivers and the jungle,\u201d explains Nelfer Valoyes of the Cumbancha<\/a> cooperative. \u201cOur tourism practices are clearly responsible. Our customers take their rubbish with them so as not to leave anything in the communities.\u201d<\/p>\n

Cumbancha offers tourists the opportunity to explore the primary forests, guided by local inhabitants who have received training in caring for wildlife and waste management. It also provides trips to humpback whale-watching spots and secluded beaches.<\/p>\n

Valoyes adds that their work isn\u2019t just about selling trips to tourists, but also involves the care of mangroves, forests and the coastal marine area: \u201cOur role is to educate people about biodiversity conservation.\u201d<\/p>\n

Eco-entrepreneurs<\/h2>\n

To help support entrepreneurs in Choc\u00f3, the National Development Corporation (Codechoc\u00f3<\/a>) created the \u201cGreen Shop\u201d in Quibd\u00f3.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"shop
The Green Shop was created with the intention of bringing together the most outstanding sustainable enterprises in Choc\u00f3. There are currently 163 such businesses in this department of Colombia (Image: Codechoc\u00f3)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u201cEntrepreneurs did not used to have a space to sell their products,\u201d explains Heidi Rosero, the shop’s coordinator. \u201cThis space was created to raise consumer awareness. We have to create a model of sustainable consumption.\u201d<\/p>\n

Rosero explains that the shop guides entrepreneurs to develop products that are profitable and have a positive environmental impact.<\/p>\n

In early February, the EU ambassador to Colombia, Gilles Bertrand, made an official visit<\/a> to Quibd\u00f3. He visited the shop, and reaffirmed plans to strengthen international cooperation to achieve economic and social development for the people of Choc\u00f3.<\/p>\n

The local population, though, remains sceptical of the promises of President Petro\u2019s new government and the European representatives. What they want is concrete action.<\/p>\n

\u201cBeing an entrepreneur requires a lot of investment,\u201d says Mejia. \u201cWe don’t need welfare, we need the government to help us, once and for all, to promote and strengthen our businesses.\u201d<\/p>\n

She dreams of one day being able to export her products overseas. In the meantime, she wants to live in peace and go about her business in safety.<\/p>\n

*Name changed to protect identity.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In a land scarred by conflict, Colombia\u2019s entrepreneurs are looking for green routes out of poverty<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3907,"featured_media":50363737,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[758],"tags":[13887,531,50040739],"hashtags":[],"country":[50000025],"class_list":["post-50363736","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","tag-conflict","tag-deforestation","tag-tourism","country-colombia"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSustainable business and the struggle for peace in Choc\u00f3 | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In a land scarred by conflict, Colombia\u2019s entrepreneurs are looking for green routes out of poverty\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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