{"id":60045341,"date":"2024-08-06T18:00:43","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T17:00:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/?p=60045341"},"modified":"2024-08-06T18:00:55","modified_gmt":"2024-08-06T17:00:55","slug":"africa-expands-efforts-to-fight-nature-crime-across-borders","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/nature\/africa-expands-efforts-to-fight-nature-crime-across-borders\/","title":{"rendered":"Africa expands efforts to fight nature crime across borders"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Tackling nature crime in Africa \u2013 and globally \u2013 is a major challenge. A big factor is that many of these are cross-border crimes, which need the kind of international cooperation and information sharing that is scarce<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Nature Crime Alliance, launched in August 2023, is trying to help fill this gap. In February, Ghana and Malawi became the latest African governments to join<\/a> this global alliance of governments, civil society groups, law enforcement agencies and private organisations. The network is managed through the World Resources Institute in association with the UN Office on Drugs and Crime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Malawi and the wider Southern Africa region, nature crime is a pressing issue. Malawi\u2019s director of forestry, Titus Zulu, tells Dialogue Earth: \u201cOur forests, including the valuable miombo woodlands, are under threat due to illegal logging, driven by both domestic and international demand,\u201d he says. \u201cWildlife crimes, including the poaching of elephants for ivory and pangolins for scales, also pose a serious challenge because they involve international syndicates.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Recommended<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n

As for West Africa, Ghana\u2019s Forestry Commission chief executive, John Allotey, tells Dialogue Earth that the region\u2019s rich biodiversity and forests draw global attention, including from illegal miners, fishers and their customers. He gives the example of illegal gold mining leading to deforestation, river pollution and increased poaching.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAs for Ghana, the high forest zone \u2013 which covers about 34% of the country \u2013 is the hub for nature crimes,\u201d Allotey says. \u201cThere is quite some pressure on natural resources where natives and migrants engage in these crimes as a means of earning their livelihood.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

More than an environmental problem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The alliance defines<\/a> nature crimes as illegal forms of logging, mining, fishing, wildlife trade and land conversion. Africa feels the impacts of such activities particularly severely, explains Robert Wabunoha, environment governance coordinator for Africa at the UN Environment Programme (UNEP). To combat the problem, robust continental, national and local efforts are needed, he adds.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The illegal trade<\/a> in Africa\u2019s wild elephants, rhinos and pangolins has hit these populations, diminishing biodiversity and disrupting ecosystems, Wabunoha says. \u201cThis not only threatens biodiversity, but also impacts tourism, which is a crucial economic sector for many African countries,\u201d he states.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"elephant<\/div>
An African elephant in the Selous Game Reserve, Tanzania (Image: Martin Lindsay \/ Alamy)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The Nature Crime Alliance\u2019s director, Yulia Stange, says much of this criminal activity directly impacts those parts of the world most critical to the planet\u2019s ecological health and to human well-being. As an example, illegal logging<\/a> in the Congo Basin \u2013 the world\u2019s second largest rainforest \u2013 causes habitat loss and the release of planet-warming gases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stange says it will not be possible to meet global climate and biodiversity goals without addressing the scourge of nature crime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

She says nature crime overlaps not only with financial crime and corruption, but also with the trafficking of human beings, drugs and small arms. \u201cNature crime should therefore be seen not only as an environmental challenge, but as an economic and security challenge, too.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIn parts of Africa, for example, nature crime has been linked to terrorism finance,\u201d Stange says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Efforts and challenges<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Africa loses about USD 17 billion<\/a> annually to illegal logging, with most of the smuggled wood going to Asia. As an example of wildlife crime, about 157,000 elephants were poached in Africa between 2010 and 2018, according to a report<\/a> by the UN Office of Drugs and Crime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Africa does have other initiatives and measures, as well as the Nature Crime Alliance, to fight nature crimes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Ghana, Allotey says a new Wildlife Resources Management Act was passed<\/a> last year, revising all laws relating to wildlife and protected areas. There is Ghana\u2019s REDD+ Strategy 2016-2035<\/a> to preserve forests and make agriculture more \u201cclimate-smart\u201d. And there is the Ghana Shea Landscape Emission Reductions Project<\/a>, which also involves stemming forest loss and restoring trees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Malawi, Zulu says various policies have been implemented, including the National Forest Policy and the National Parks and Wildlife Act<\/a>. The country collaborates with regional bodies, like the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the African Union, on initiatives such as SADC\u2019s Law Enforcement and Anti-Poaching Strategy<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBut challenges remain,\u201d Zulu says. \u201cGreater regional cooperation and stronger legal frameworks are needed to enhance the effectiveness of these efforts.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UNEP has been trying to combat nature crime in Africa through various interventions, such as by training<\/a> police in Uganda, and supporting<\/a> the development of laws and policies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to Wabunoha, UNEP also implements specific projects to combat nature crime in Africa via the Global Environment Facility (GEF), which channels money to projects that support five environmental conventions including the UN\u2019s biodiversity and climate conventions. He gives the example of the GEF-6<\/a> project to combat illegal wildlife trade in South Sudan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is also the Lusaka Agreement Task Force (LATF)<\/a>, which focuses on combating transboundary illegal wildlife trade in Africa, and the Bamako Convention<\/a> which addresses hazardous waste and chemical management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Towards fostering collaboration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Zulu is very positive about the Nature Crime Alliance. \u201cFor Malawi, it means better access to resources and expertise that can help strengthen our enforcement capabilities and develop more effective strategies to combat nature crime,\u201d he says. \u201cRegionally, the alliance represents a unified commitment to addressing a common threat, fostering collaboration that can lead to more coordinated and impactful actions against nature crime.\u201d<\/s><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stange says the alliance is committed to building its network in Africa to support efforts to counter nature crime. For instance, in January it convened<\/a> the first Southern Africa Regional Private Sector Dialogue on Disruption of Financial Crimes related to Environmental Crimes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stange says the alliance is also supporting members, such as the Environmental Investigation Agency and the Wildlife Conservation Society, to undertake work in Africa under the Countering Nature Crime initiative, which is funded<\/a> by the US Agency for International Development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThis includes work to develop Gabon\u2019s timber traceability system,\u201d she says, \u201cand a project focused on wildlife trafficking in Nigeria and the Republic of Congo.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ghana and Malawi are the latest countries to join the Nature Crime Alliance to tackle illegal logging and wildlife trafficking<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3962,"featured_media":60045360,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[764],"tags":[527,531,610],"hashtags":[],"country":[50040738,50041571],"class_list":["post-60045341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nature","tag-crime","tag-deforestation","tag-wildlife","country-ghana","country-malawi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAfrica expands efforts to fight nature crime across borders | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ghana and Malawi are the latest countries to join the Nature Crime Alliance to tackle illegal logging and wildlife trafficking\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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