{"id":60063849,"date":"2024-12-04T16:10:07","date_gmt":"2024-12-04T16:10:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/?p=60063849"},"modified":"2024-12-05T09:36:14","modified_gmt":"2024-12-05T09:36:14","slug":"how-can-chinas-renewables-sector-take-steps-towards-achieving-gender-equality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/how-can-chinas-renewables-sector-take-steps-towards-achieving-gender-equality\/","title":{"rendered":"How can China\u2019s renewables sector take steps towards achieving gender equality?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The second Thursday of COP29, 21 November, was <a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/gender\/cop29\">Gender Day<\/a>. The conference was drawing to a close, but, at last, a light was shone on the issue of gender equality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) decided to <a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/cp2024_L12_adv.pdf\">extend<\/a> the Enhanced Lima Work Programme on Gender for a second decade. Established in 2014, this programme encourages the <a href=\"https:\/\/plan-international.org\/news\/2024\/11\/25\/cop29-massive-missed-opportunity-climate-goals-despite-youth-advocacy\/\">use of data<\/a> to actively make climate action \u2013 specifically, the work of implementing the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement \u2013 gender-balanced. It also provides a roadmap for producing the parties\u2019 new <a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/topics\/gender\/workstreams\/the-gender-action-plan\">Gender Action Plan<\/a>, in time for the COP30 summit in Brazil next year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<a class=\"wp-block-cd-related-news alignright block--related-news loading\" data-post-id=\"120018\"><div class=\"block--related-news__image\"><\/div><div class=\"block--related-news__content\"><span class=\"block--related-news__heading\">Recommended<\/span><span class=\"block--related-news__title\"><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p>Gender has become a more common issue in climate change-related negotiations in recent years, with <a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/gender\/cop29#gender-day\">81.5%<\/a> of UNFCCC signatories mentioning gender in their Nationally Determined Contributions. A consensus is forming around the need to achieve gender equality and women\u2019s participation and empowerment during action on climate change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, the renewable energy sector, which is key to the current energy and climate crises, remains dominated by men. In China, though the sector provides a huge number of jobs, the percentage of women in these roles has been falling. They also face various barriers in the sector, including a lack of career progression.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Experts consulted by Dialogue Earth at COP29 say that, despite scant official policy, businesses could nevertheless take action to help reduce gender imbalances, such as disclosing gender data in environmental, social and governance (ESG) reports. These experiences in the business world could then inform government policy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-renewables-more-women-needed\">Renewables: more women needed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The renewables sector is booming. According to a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irena.org\/News\/pressreleases\/2024\/Oct\/Highest-Annual-Growth-of-Renewables-Jobs-in-2023-Reaching-16-point-2-Million\">report<\/a> from the International Renewable Energy Agency (Irena), the global renewables workforce expanded by 18% in 2023 to 16.2 million jobs, up from 13.7 million in 2022. China is the sector\u2019s biggest employer, accounting for about 7.4 million (46%) of those jobs; almost two-thirds of solar and wind power capacity added globally in 2023 was in China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the first day of COP29, China held a side event on women in sustainable development, where a new <a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/liMaxh59NKAAkOLPZlyAkw\">report<\/a> from the NGO China Sustainability Tribune, \u201cInsights and Corporate Practices of Women\u2019s Empowerment in Climate Action\u201d, was released. Hu Wenjuan, the editor of the China Sustainability Tribune and one of the report\u2019s authors, told Dialogue Earth that the traditional energy industry has always been dominated by men, and this will be hard to change. But as an emerging industry, renewable energy provides a valuable opportunity to promote gender equality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to data from Irena published in 2019, women accounted for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irena.org\/Publications\/2019\/Jan\/Renewable-Energy-A-Gender-Perspective\">32%<\/a> of renewable energy employment globally \u2013 better than the energy sector as a whole, at 22%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The energy sector in China is doing slightly better than the global average: according to China\u2019s National Bureau of Statistics, in 2019, <a href=\"https:\/\/china.un.org\/zh\/174134-%E6%80%A7%E5%88%AB%E5%B9%B3%E7%AD%89%E5%85%B1%E5%88%9B%E5%8F%AF%E6%8C%81%E7%BB%AD%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5%EF%BC%9A-%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E5%9C%A8%E8%B7%91%E8%B5%A2%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%8A%E8%87%B3%E5%85%B3%E9%87%8D%E8%A6%81\">27.1%<\/a> of the sector\u2019s employees were women. In March 2024, a <a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/JzouFH5GlZSbF_H1YP4c7A\">report<\/a> from recruitment website Liepin said 30-35% of employees in China\u2019s renewables sector were women.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-equality-beyond-numbers\">Equality beyond numbers<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Globally, there is an ever-increasing shortage of \u201cgreen\u201d talent. This has led to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/stories\/2024\/02\/green-jobs-green-skills-growth\/\">concerns<\/a> about the speed of the energy transition. The same story is playing out in China: there <a href=\"https:\/\/m.thepaper.cn\/kuaibao_detail.jsp?contid=15600530&amp;from=kuaibao\">aren\u2019t enough people<\/a> with green skills to fill the expanding number of jobs. According to multiple energy company representatives who talked to China\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/m.thepaper.cn\/kuaibao_detail.jsp?contid=15600530&amp;from=kuaibao\">The Paper<\/a> in November, this shortage needs to be resolved as soon as possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-pull-quote block--pull-quote\"><div class=\"block--pull-quote__wrapper\"><blockquote class=\"block--pull-quote__quote\">What\u2019s critical is identifying the root causes of women\u2019s underrepresentation, and eliminating those barriers to ensure that women have equal access to opportunities<\/blockquote><cite class=\"block--pull-quote__cite\">Anika Heckwolf, a policy fellow working on climate action and international finance at the London School of Economics<\/cite><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Job opportunities created by the energy transition should benefit both men and women equally, says <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/profile\/anika-heckwolf\/\">Anika Heckwolf<\/a>, a policy fellow working on climate action and international finance at the London School of Economics. She adds: \u201cWomen, as half of the global population, are an essential force that cannot be overlooked in the process of the energy transition.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But while the percentage of women in the workforce is important, gender equality is not just about aiming for a 50% target, Heckwolf notes: \u201cWhat\u2019s more critical is identifying the root causes of women\u2019s underrepresentation, and eliminating those barriers to ensure that women have equal access to opportunities.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is not simply a matter of overall numbers. The types of jobs women do, and their presence in management roles, are also factors. According to renewable energy sector <a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/JzouFH5GlZSbF_H1YP4c7A\">data<\/a> from Liepin, technical vacancies, such as those in engineering or research and development, tend to be filled by men. Women commonly fill roles in marketing and human resources departments, which usually pay less.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to UN Women, women undertake the majority of low-paid, low-skill jobs, and so are at greater risk of losing their jobs. Women in part-time or temporary jobs are often the first to be laid off when companies hit hard times, such as at the height of the Covid-19 pandemic \u2013 making them <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unido.org\/news\/gongyelingyudenuxing-womenweishenmexuyaotigaotongjishujudexingbiemingandu\">19%<\/a> more likely to lose their jobs than men.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-article-image aligncenter block--article-image block--article-image--article\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--article-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--article-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Female-workers-in-solar-panel-assembly-factory-in-Dezhou-China_Mick-Ryan_Connect-Images_Alamy_FB1CPK.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Female-workers-in-solar-panel-assembly-factory-in-Dezhou-China_Mick-Ryan_Connect-Images_Alamy_FB1CPK-768x508.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Female-workers-in-solar-panel-assembly-factory-in-Dezhou-China_Mick-Ryan_Connect-Images_Alamy_FB1CPK-1024x677.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Female-workers-in-solar-panel-assembly-factory-in-Dezhou-China_Mick-Ryan_Connect-Images_Alamy_FB1CPK.jpg 2560w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 1024px) 1024px, 2560px\" alt=\"female workers assembling electronic components in a factory\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--article-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--article-image__caption\">Workers in a solar panel assembly factory in the northeastern Chinese city of Dezhou, sometimes referred to as \u201cChina\u2019s Solar City\u201d. More Chinese firms are publishing ESG reports, and the availability of gender data is improving (Image: Mick Ryan \/ Connect Images \/ Alamy)<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Female-workers-in-solar-panel-assembly-factory-in-Dezhou-China_Mick-Ryan_Connect-Images_Alamy_FB1CPK.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"263 KB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1692\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-change-starts-with-data\">Change starts with data<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Heckwolf says that at COP28, there was&nbsp;a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/data.unwomen.org\/publications\/call-action-counting-sustainable-future-all-through-gender-and-environment-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">call to action<\/a>&nbsp;by UN Women on one very practical matter: the need to improve the gathering and use of gender-disaggregated data, which is crucial for driving and measuring progress. \u201cWithout data segmented by gender, taking meaningful action can become more challenging,\u201d she says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall gender balance in the workforce is a standard part of ESG reporting frameworks, and more and more firms are publishing such reports. As such, the availability of gender data from Chinese companies is improving. Yuan Ziqi, an independent consultant and writer, analysed over 1,000 Chinese ESG reports and <a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/B6gw28Y82IhkvuawUY1Z4w\">discovered<\/a> that, on average, the representation of women was shrinking across the board. In particular, Yuan noted a jump in workforce sizes among solar power firms between 2022 and 2023, yet the percentage of women in the photovoltaic workforce fell \u2013 by more than the average.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-accordion block--accordion\"><span class=\"block--accordion__title\">What is ESG?<\/span><div class=\"block--accordion__content\"><div class=\"block--accordion__content__inner\">\n<p>Companies are increasingly expected to devise and report upon environmental, social and governance (ESG) standards. These three areas aim to cover what the professional services network Deloitte defines as: \u201call the non-financial risks and opportunities inherent to a company\u2019s day-to-day activities\u201d.<br><br>The principle behind ESG is that companies do not exist solely for the generation of profits. Every company is a collection of people who have the potential and responsibility to protect and nourish the environment, prioritise human wellbeing, and govern themselves ethically.<br><br>ESG reporting differs from company to company, but the relevant data is typically gathered and added to annual reports or presented as a separate sustainability report.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>A requirement was put in place this year for <a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/how-chinese-climate-disclosures-can-drive-emission-cuts\/\">457 listed firms in China to start ESG reporting<\/a> by April 2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cStatutory disclosures are a start, but the companies should ask what the point of the data is,\u201d says Yuan. The consultant has observed many Chinese firms taking equality in the boardroom more seriously because diversity is more visible there. Some firms have gone further, by starting to separate out gender data into executive, managerial and frontline roles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>LONGi, a multinational solar photovoltaics company headquartered in Xi\u2019an, central China, is one such firm. It <a href=\"https:\/\/www.longi.com\/cn\/sustainable-development\/esg-society-employee-development\/\">publishes<\/a> detailed gender data on its website, which shows that as of end-2023, 20,000 of its 75,000 employees were female. Women represented 10% of engineers, 20% of senior managers, 21% of junior managers and 25% of \u201cincome-generation\u201d roles, such as sales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Heckwolf notes that while better data is important, data shortfalls do not excuse failure to act.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-chinese-firms-take-action\">Chinese firms take action<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Promoting gender equality is not just about social responsibility \u2013 it can also be profitable. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/resource\/statement\/ensuring-gender-equality-right-thing-good-thing-and-must-survival-our\">Analysis<\/a> from the International Labour Organization found that gender balance in the boardroom makes a company \u201calmost 20% more likely to have enhanced business outcomes\u201d. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.2xglobal.org\/gender-and-climate-cop\">Pilot studies<\/a> of small- and medium-sized enterprises and clean energy value chains found that an overall gender inclusion strategy can improve sales by up to 85%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>More time is needed to confirm that these findings carry through to actual practice. Molly Huang, secretary general of the Women in Renewables Alliance, tells Dialogue Earth that promoting gender balance relies on awareness and support at the executive level. If the board does not take gender equality seriously, change will not happen on the ground.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At China\u2019s COP29 side event on women in sustainable development, two subsidiaries of China\u2019s State Grid <a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/liMaxh59NKAAkOLPZlyAkw\">presented<\/a> their experiences of implementing women-friendly practices. These included setting up women\u2019s committees, encouraging women engineers to take part in innovation, and providing more development opportunities. During her speech, Hu Wenjuan said that, in a fiercely competitive market, more and more firms are keen to showcase the actions they are taking on gender issues, both for reasons of brand marketing and social responsibility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another driver is coming from the gender requirements of international projects. For example, a green hydrogen project by the International Hydrogen Fuel Cell Association, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thegef.org\/projects-operations\/projects\/11271\">funded<\/a> by the Global Environmental Facility and taking place in China, stipulates that at least 30% of its workforce must be women. External pressures like these may push Chinese firms to take more positive action on gender issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hu points out that firms that are becoming more international must pay attention to how their gender balance reflects their brand image. This also creates more jobs for women, both in China and overseas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<a class=\"wp-block-cd-related-news alignright block--related-news loading\" data-post-id=\"60059642\"><div class=\"block--related-news__image\"><\/div><div class=\"block--related-news__content\"><span class=\"block--related-news__heading\">Recommended<\/span><span class=\"block--related-news__title\"><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p>As early as 2018, there have been <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/zhongwen\/simp\/world-43090907\">reports<\/a> on how Chinese investment in Ethiopia has boosted employment of women and improved their status in many parts of Africa. At the unveiling of the Beijing Action Plan for 2025-2027 during the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), participants <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/ziliao_674904\/1179_674909\/202409\/t20240905_11485697.shtml\">reaffirmed<\/a> China\u2019s industrialisation training support for people across the continent, particularly through capacity-building training for women and youth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>China\u2019s ever-expanding portfolio of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/sustainability\/china-pumped-over-100-bln-overseas-cleantech-since-2023-research-group-says-2024-10-02\/\">overseas<\/a> renewable energy projects presents a fresh opportunity to promote gender equality. Chinese firms that choose to take the lead on this could go some way to cultivating a just global energy transition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>This story was produced as part of the COP29 Cross-Border Energy Transition Reporting Fellowship, a program organised by Clean Energy Wire and the Stanley Center for Peace and Security.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Data transparency and a commitment from businesses could help improve representation and begin eliminating barriers faced by women<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3982,"featured_media":60063878,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[758],"tags":[20000253,50041624,585],"hashtags":[],"country":[20000110],"class_list":["post-60063849","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","tag-gender","tag-labour","tag-renewables","country-china"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How can China\u2019s renewables sector take steps towards achieving gender equality? 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