{"id":60078686,"date":"2025-04-29T18:47:16","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T17:47:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/?p=60078686"},"modified":"2025-04-29T19:16:49","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T18:16:49","slug":"not-just-solar-panels-lessons-from-medellins-energy-transition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/climate\/not-just-solar-panels-lessons-from-medellins-energy-transition\/","title":{"rendered":"Not just solar panels: Lessons from Medell\u00edn\u2019s energy transition"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The water of La Rafita stream tore through Medell\u00edn\u2019s El Pac\u00edfico neighbourhood in Colombia on the afternoon of 18 September, 2020. Four houses were swept away and a dozen more ended up flooded<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIt was a total tragedy. When night fell, everything was dark. You couldn\u2019t see,\u201d recalls Nancy Quir\u00f3s, a member of the Junta de Acci\u00f3n Comunal (Community Action Board), an elected local government that represents El Pac\u00edfico. Firefighters arrived at dusk and worked without street lighting to rescue those trapped in their homes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The residents \u2013 mostly displaced victims<\/a> of Colombia\u2019s ongoing internal armed conflict, who had moved to the area seeking a better life \u2013 were used to living without street lighting, due to a lack of maintenance. They avoided going out after dark and, if necessary, used their mobile phones to illuminate the narrow concrete stairs that connect the houses. The tragedy of 18 September led them to seek a solution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first was a hydraulic turbine, constructed from spoons designed for eating mazamorra<\/em> (a typical Medell\u00edn soup), a bicycle wheel and computer batteries. By connecting this system to a generator, they were able to produce the electricity that continues to light up the Junta de Acci\u00f3n Comunal headquarters. Next came eight solar panels, funded through a joint project with the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"A<\/div>
This hydraulic turbine is constructed from spoons, a bicycle wheel and computer batteries. It helped residents of Medell\u00edn\u2019s El Pac\u00edfico neighbourhood to generate electricity before the arrival of solar power (Image: Diana Carolina Mart\u00ednez L\u00f3pez)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

By involving locals in the design, construction, installation and management of their own energy solutions, El Pac\u00edfico had aligned itself with the just energy transition<\/a>. But it is not the only Medell\u00edn community exploring new energy sources. In Colombia\u2019s second-largest city, there are at least three other initiatives linked to solar energy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Not just about installing solar panels<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The solar panels in Medell\u00edn\u2019s hilly La Estrecha neighbourhood quickly gained<\/a> unexpected fame. Local Rodrigo Garc\u00eda recalls it was his son who brought the first panel home in 2020, to test a pilot project the pair had developed with the EIA University in Envigado, a municipality just south of Medell\u00edn. Once installed, the panel shrank the family\u2019s energy bill by 20-30%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Word soon got around. An additional 23 families joined in, and 46 panels were installed on the highest roofs of three houses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\"Solar<\/div>
Solar panels on the roofs of houses in La Estrecha. They have enabled this neighbourhood of Medell\u00edn to become a distributed energy generator (Image: Diana Carolina Mart\u00ednez L\u00f3pez)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"A<\/div>
La Estrecha resident Beatriz Tamayo changes one of her home\u2019s solar-powered light bulbs (Image: Diana Carolina Mart\u00ednez L\u00f3pez)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

However, in December 2023, the project ended. To prevent the loss of everything that had been achieved, the community organised itself. La Estrecha is now a distributed generator<\/a>: it produces enough solar energy to sell it to traders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Andr\u00e9s Casta\u00f1o, a legal representative of La Estrecha\u2019s solar community, says they have since had to reckon with a lack of technical knowledge. It has made it difficult to interact with energy companies, and to involve more neighbours in the project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This problem is not unique to La Estrecha. The leaders of the Huertas para la Paz<\/a> (Gardens for Peace) project, which promotes community gardens, have also faced challenges. In 2021, a foundation gave them a solar oven that captures energy from the sun with mirrors. The accumulated heat can be used to cook food or \u2013 as is the case for this particular project \u2013 to dry out aromatic plants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esneda Ram\u00edrez, a community leader, says it has proven difficult to sustain the project because they have not been sufficiently trained in how to optimise the oven: \u201cWe need a technician to teach the theory of the importance of the oven, because we don\u2019t know how to assess it. They explained to me how to use it, but the other people see that it is difficult, that it requires patience, and they don\u2019t see the benefits that it can generate for us to make a living from it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"a<\/div>
Ram\u00edrez demonstrates the solar-powered oven she uses to dehydrate aromatic plants at Huertas para la Paz (Image: Diana Carolina Mart\u00ednez L\u00f3pez)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Another obstacle has been the weather conditions. Medell\u00edn is often cloudy and rainfall is intermittent in its mountainous neighbourhoods. These conditions require them to be continually mindful of the oven\u2019s positioning as the sun moves, and to shelter it during rain. Otherwise, the humidity can negatively impact the plant-drying process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe oven works well, but it is better in hot places like the coast, where there is a lot of sun. The climate here does not lend itself to quick drying,\u201d says Ram\u00edrez. She says she is the only member of Huertas de Paz\u2019s 16-strong team who has any faith in the solar oven project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Energy autonomy means that we don\u2019t depend on others but understand that we have the right to be part of the project<\/blockquote>James R\u00faa, community leader of El Pac\u00edfico<\/cite><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

To overcome these barriers, the Popular School of Autonomy (EPA<\/a>) is putting on free training programmes in El Pac\u00edfico. They are tailored to the area\u2019s energy needs and available energy-generation tools. This has enabled locals \u2013 including children \u2013 to understand how electricity is generated and participate in, for example, the construction of water wheels and the maintenance of solar panels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cEnergy autonomy means that we don\u2019t depend on others but understand that we have the right to be part of the project,\u201d says James R\u00faa, a community leader of El Pac\u00edfico. \u201cIt prevents anyone from discriminating against us and pushing us aside in a struggle that we are all engaged in.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To promote just energy transition projects, all agree on the need for the community to have a sense of ownership. Previously, EIA University had tried to install panels in Medell\u00edn\u2019s Comuna 13 neighbourhood. However, Comuna 13 was mostly populated by renters, which Rodrigo Garc\u00eda says made it difficult to build a cohesive project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sofia Carvalho is part of Merlin Productions<\/a>, a company that uses solar energy to power music production. She stresses the importance of building support networks: \u201cThis is an uncomfortable path, which may take more time, money and reflection, but it is necessary. You have to look for a support network, because this is a lonely road. Sometimes it is rowing against the current. With that network you share knowledge, actions and frustrations.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

None of the four initiatives consulted by Dialogue Earth have had contact between themselves, which underscores one of the current weaknesses of this movement in Medell\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"A<\/div>
Catalina Calle, a vocalist in the musical group Puerto Candelaria, sings at Merlin Productions\u2019 solar-powered recording studio (Image: Diana Carolina Mart\u00ednez L\u00f3pez)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Merlin Productions has been linking solar panels to its work for two years (since the company Celsia gave the team a solar roof) and has become another distributed generator in the country. It has since produced<\/a> La Sinfon\u00eda de los Bichos Raros<\/em> (The Symphony of the Oddballs), its first record made with 100% renewable energy. The record is focused on transforming the public\u2019s attitudes towards consumption and the rest of the natural world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The challenges of transition in cities<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Energy transition projects have focused on Colombia\u2019s rural zones as a way of supplying electricity to areas that do not have it. But experts agree it is necessary to start promoting these initiatives in cities, too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Juan Pablo Soler, a climate justice and energy researcher at the environmental organisation Living Water Census (CAV), points out that cities are where Colombia\u2019s main energy demand is concentrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Soler says Colombia has been exploring energy transitions for more than 20 years<\/a>, but these efforts have been limited by a lack of clear regulation and political will. He also questions the lack of justice for the communities that have driven these projects; he says associated incentives are often geared towards large, private companies and off-grid, rural areas. He adds that people in urban areas, such as Medell\u00edn, face additional challenges due to the common disconnect between the technological solutions on offer and the actual needs of communities. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>
Recommended<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n

Violeta Garrido, a philosophy researcher at the University of Granada, questions the fact that environmental and social transformation is seemingly based only on renewable energy initiatives. For her, technological solutionism (the belief that technology will solve environmental problems) creates a \u201cculture of passivity\u201d and \u201cdoes not force us to change our patterns of production, distribution and consumption\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For now, the people of La Estrecha, El Pac\u00edfico and Merlin Productions face the challenge of sustaining their initiatives and attracting more interest. The key is to share knowledge and ensure that new generations take the lead in an energy transition that is truly just, learning from accumulated lessons.

\u201cWe are getting old, and with all that we have learned we have to tell the children that it is not difficult to do these energy projects,\u201d says community leader R\u00faa. \u201cThey are also part of the community, and they are the ones who will be left on this planet when we are gone.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This story was produced in the framework of the <\/em>Narrar la TEJ<\/em><\/a> (Narrating the Just Energy Transition) project, promoted by the organisations of the <\/em>Energy Power Latam Alliance<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Residents of Colombia\u2019s second-largest city have taken the lead on renewable energy initiatives, despite a lack of technical training<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50000758,"featured_media":60078816,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[761],"tags":[17073,50040749,593],"hashtags":[],"country":[50000025],"class_list":["post-60078686","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","tag-energy-transition","tag-livelihoods","tag-solar","country-colombia"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNot just solar panels: Lessons from Medell\u00edn\u2019s energy transition | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Residents of Colombia\u2019s second-largest city have taken the lead on renewable energy initiatives, despite a lack of technical training\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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