{"id":60101323,"date":"2025-09-26T18:25:28","date_gmt":"2025-09-26T17:25:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/?p=60101323"},"modified":"2025-10-03T09:43:55","modified_gmt":"2025-10-03T08:43:55","slug":"indonesian-islands-traditional-residents-face-relocation-due-to-sustainable-megaproject","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/indonesian-islands-traditional-residents-face-relocation-due-to-sustainable-megaproject\/","title":{"rendered":"Indonesian island\u2019s traditional residents face relocation for \u2018sustainable\u2019 project"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Rempang Eco City, a large-scale development project in Indonesia\u2019s western Riau Islands<\/a>, has been touted by the provincial government as a \u201cnew economic engine for Indonesia<\/a>\u201d. It will comprise<\/a> industrial, residential, tourism and wildlife reserve zones, all with an intended focus on environmental sustainability, and aims to create 35,000 jobs<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For the thousands of residents of Rempang Island, the site of the project, this ambitious undertaking is a source of worry. It will involve the clearance of the island\u2019s existing settlements, including traditional villages that have been inhabited mostly by families of several Indigenous seafaring groups for generations. They fear this will come with the loss of their heritage and established livelihoods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Indonesian government announced Rempang Eco City in August 2023 and required the 7,500<\/a> people living in the island\u2019s 16 Kampung Tua<\/em> (old villages) to leave their homes by the end of the next month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Many of them, refusing to be displaced, clashed<\/a> with Indonesian authorities when they arrived to conduct land surveys for the project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Following criticism of the police response during these clashes, the government removed<\/a> the eviction deadline. Authorities eventually launched a \u201clocal transmigration\u201d programme<\/a> to move residents to new estates in Tanjung Banon, in the southern part of Rempang Island, instead of forcing the villagers out of the island entirely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The government\u2019s basis<\/a> for the relocations has been that since the villagers do not have official land ownership certificates, they are not legal owners of the land, despite some families having lived there since the 19th century. Critics like Rina Mardiana, a socio-agrarian expert at IPB University, have called<\/a> the term \u201clocal transmigration\u201d a euphemism for \u201cforced displacement that eliminates the rights of Indigenous peoples\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

They call it an eco-city, but the first thing they do is take the land our ancestors left us, taking away the space where our children should grow and thrive<\/blockquote>Ishaka, resident of Pasir Panjang and coordinator of the Rempang Galang United Community Alliance<\/cite><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

As of June, 106<\/a> of 961<\/a> affected households have reportedly been moved. But local opposition has remained strong. In mid-August, villagers intensified their resistance, including staging protests<\/a> against the transmigration programme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThey call it an eco-city, but the first thing they do is take the land our ancestors left us, taking away the space where our children should grow and thrive,\u201d said Ishaka. He is a resident of Pasir Panjang, one of the impacted villages, and coordinator of Rempang Galang United Community Alliance (AMAR-GB), a coalition set up by villagers to oppose the relocation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A shaky start<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

During a visit to China in July 2023, Indonesia\u2019s then minister of investment, Bahlil Lahadia, announced<\/a> that the country secured a USD 11.5 billion commitment from China\u2019s Xinyi Group for a solar panel manufacturing facility to be built on Rempang Island. He claimed it would have been the second largest such facility in the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But in February this year, Xinyi denied<\/a> involvement in Rempang Eco City. In a statement to the Business & Human Rights Resource Centre, it said that it \u201chas not initiated any eco-city project and has not reached any agreements or contracts\u201d. The company also stated that the relevant authorities \u201conly preliminarily introduced development project prices and conditions to our company\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Sign<\/div>
A Batam Indonesia Free Zone Authority signboard in front of a relocation site listing the \u201cbenefits of relocation for Rempang residents\u201d (Image: Bagus Pradana \/ Transparansi Internasional Indonesia)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The next month, the project suffered a further setback after revelations that it was excluded<\/a> from Indonesia\u2019s National Strategic Project (PSN) list, raising questions about its priority and viability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But officials from the Batam Indonesia Free Zone Authority, the government agency overseeing the project, publicly maintain their commitment. The agency\u2019s head and mayor of the province\u2019s largest city Batam, Amsakar Achmad, stated<\/a> in March that the exclusion from the PSN list \u201cdoes not mean that the project is no longer valid or has been cancelled\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Relocation efforts were ongoing as recently as July. Residents of Tanjung Banon<\/a> were evicted<\/a>, and their plantations razed to make way for further construction of houses for the local transmigration programme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On the ground<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

While the government sees economic opportunity, residents see the project as a threat to their existence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe people of Rempang have a strong emotional and spiritual bond with their homeland,\u201d said Suraya A. Afiff, a political ecologist at Universitas Indonesia. She notes that for groups such as the Malay Rempang people Indigenous to the island, for example, \u201cforcing them to leave [their villages] means erasing their existence\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The loss of their 16 traditional villages means residents, whose families have lived there for generations, will lose crucial aspects of their lives. This includes ancestral lands<\/a> that hold significant spiritual and cultural value, and ancestral burial grounds<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Several<\/div>
Rempang Island residents ride in a pickup truck while holding signs in protest against the relocation. One sign reads: \u201cDon\u2019t rob our children of their future\u201d (Image: Bagus Pradana \/ Transparansi Internasional Indonesia)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The loss of the island\u2019s farms and plantations could also have detrimental impacts on surrounding areas. Its agricultural sector is an important contributor to the region\u2019s food and economic security. Agriculture in Rempang Island can meet approximately 40-50% of market demand in Batam and the surrounding islands, Gunawan Satary, chairperson of the Indonesian Farmers\u2019 Association of Batam City, told The IDN Times<\/a>. The association highlighted that the island\u2019s farmers play a crucial role in supporting food security locally and helping the regional government of Batam control inflation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rempang Island is also a haven for marine life and biodiversity. Researchers from Universitas Riau Kepulauan discovered<\/a> the presence of three species of starfish and five species of sea cucumbers on two of the island\u2019s beaches. Both animals are prized for their ecological importance<\/a> in maintaining the health of the local marine ecosystem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The island\u2019s mangroves are equally critical. Spanning more than 2,800 hectares, they provide IDR 75 billion (USD 4.5 million) in value annually, according to a Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji<\/a> study. Most of this comes from their provision of coastal protection through breakwaters and prevention of seawater intrusion, as well as ecological services such as being a nursery and acting as feeding and spawning ground for marine life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>
Recommended<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n

Any damage to these ecosystems would hit communities directly. In September, Susan Herawati, secretary general of the People\u2019s Coalition for Fisheries Justice (KIARA), presented unpublished research<\/a> showing that potential environmental losses as a result of the Rempang Eco City project being forced through will be IDR 1.3 billion (USD 78,000) per household per year for residents remaining on the island, a figure that\u2019s three times greater than their income.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Tanjung Banon, since the construction of the relocation estate began, local residents have reportedly<\/a> been complaining about the damage to mangroves and the death of fish in cages from mud generated by the construction, according to the publication RiauPos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miswadi, a villager from Sembulang Hulu on Rempang Island and a spokesperson for AMAR-GB, defined an \u201ceco city\u201d as a place where people and nature coexist symbiotically. \u201cBut what we\u2019re seeing and hearing is the opposite. How can this be called an eco-city when it begins by erasing the community that has lived in balance with this environment for generations?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Many residents continue to stay put in their villages with a simple demand. They are calling for the government to recognise the legality<\/a> of these settlements that they have lived in for generations, and seek a continued peaceful existence and preservation of their culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDo not just build an \u2018eco city\u2019,\u201d pleads Ishaka. \u201cBuild a future where our children can still fish in these waters, farm this land, and call [the Kampung Tua<\/em> of] Rempang their home. If that future is lost, no amount of investment can bring it back.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

With relocation looming, a community in the Riau Islands is fighting to protect its ancestral villages and coastal environment from harm<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50000709,"featured_media":60102181,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[758,50039900,50039901],"tags":[555,556,559],"hashtags":[],"country":[50040717],"class_list":["post-60101323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","category-justice","category-ocean","tag-indigenous-peoples","tag-infrastructure","tag-land-rights","country-indonesia"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIndonesian island\u2019s traditional residents face relocation for \u2018sustainable\u2019 project | Dialogue Earth<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"With government-mandated relocation looming, a Riau Islands community has been fighting to prevent their ancestral 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