{"id":73676,"date":"2021-10-26T11:46:13","date_gmt":"2021-10-26T11:46:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinadialogue.net\/?p=73676"},"modified":"2021-10-27T15:57:37","modified_gmt":"2021-10-27T15:57:37","slug":"aiib-agm-environmental-and-social-safeguards-under-scrutiny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/en\/business\/aiib-agm-environmental-and-social-safeguards-under-scrutiny\/","title":{"rendered":"AIIB\u2019s environmental and social safeguards under scrutiny ahead of annual meeting"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The Beijing-based Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) will hold its sixth annual meeting virtually on October 26\u201328, a few days before UN climate talks kick off<\/a> in Glasgow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Many believe that multilateral financial institutions such as the AIIB play a vital role in developing better environmental, social and governance standards as the world strives to achieve a green recovery from the pandemic and avoid catastrophic climate change. This is a topic the AIIB plans to discuss on the first day of the annual meeting. Meanwhile, after three years of use, the bank has amended its Environmental and Social Framework (ESF), with a new version having gone into effect this month. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recent investigations and studies, however, have called into question the impact of the AIIB\u2019s investments and whether they are in line with its core values. Many civil society groups worry the bank\u2019s ESF, along with other policies, lacked substantive commitments and clear criteria when first adopted in 2016, and that the new one has not fixed those issues. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Footprint under scrutiny<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

At the beginning of this year, when celebrating its fifth anniversary as the youngest multilateral development bank, the president of the bank, Jin Liqun<\/a>, addressed the idea of building green infrastructure to help countries achieve economic transition and carbon neutrality. Green means \u201cnot leaving a footprint on the environment and society,\u201d he said. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Back in 2018, the AIIB approved a loan for tourism development on Lombok Island, across the sea from the world-famous island of Bali. The project is part of Indonesia\u2019s plan to build 10 Bali-like tourist attractions. To many observers, the Lombok tourism and development project, which the AIIB categorised as \u201cA\u201d for environmental and social risks \u2013 meaning the riskiest \u2013 is an example of the bank\u2019s challenge to assess resettlement action plans prepared by its clients.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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The project was green-lighted during a wave of compulsory, violent displacement that began in 2018, months before the project\u2019s approval. Investigations undertaken by NGOs in three consecutive years since 2019 have documented<\/a> families that have lost livelihoods and income, forcing them to take young children out of school. Two villages, including indigenous communities, still dwell in temporary shelters two years after being removed from their homes without consent. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A joint study<\/a> by the Heinrich B\u00f6ll Foundation and Just Finance International examined how AIIB\u2019s new green-lighted ESF measures would reduce transparency and accountability. For example, upon the bank\u2019s adoption of the Policy on Public Information<\/a> in 2018, the AIIB president said: \u201cTransparency and accountability are the two main pillars of AIIB\u2019s governance\u201d. Still, the framework has many exemptions where the list of documents and timebound requirements are not applied. Further, ESF provisions allow the AIIB to delegate disclosure responsibility to its clients in some circumstances. Loopholes in the policy override the stated intention of maximum transparency, the report says. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

For many multilateral development banks, such environmental and social harms caused by the Lombok project would have triggered a public evaluation. The AIIB\u2019s response is seen as insufficient. While the bank\u2019s environmental and social due diligence team has written about \u201capplying best environmental and social practices in projects<\/a>\u201d, it has not disclosed monitoring or investigation reports that respond substantively to those concerns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mechanisms not applied<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Another report<\/a> published by Recourse and Urgewald reviewed the AIIB\u2019s accountability mechanism<\/a> before its annual meeting. Despite 142 projects approved and over US$28 billion invested in its six years of operation, the bank has yet to receive a single complaint. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The study believes that one of the main reasons is more than half of the projects, 72 out of 142, are not eligible for its accountability mechanism. Under the AIIB\u2019s rules, projects co-financed with other multilateral development banks are excluded from the accountability mechanism for redress. \u201cOn the exclusion, the AIIB is the only one that does that among all multilateral development banks,\u201d said Kate Geary, one of the authors of the report. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under the AIIB\u2019s rules, projects co-financed with other multilateral development banks are excluded from the accountability mechanism for redress<\/blockquote><\/cite><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

In an interview with China Dialogue, Joachim von Amsberg, the bank\u2019s former vice president, now a special advisor to the bank\u2019s president, Jin Liqun, explained that since multilateral development banks share basic principles and have similar policies, it\u2019s more straightforward for clients to follow one policy. He added: \u201cThe story does not end by saying go to the other banks. That\u2019s just the beginning. When the accountability mechanism makes a determination, it goes back to both banks to take appropriate action to address any shortcomings.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to the report, in some rare cases AIIB\u2019s accountability mechanism could accept complaints on the projects co-financed with the International Finance Corporation (IFC), even when other IFC policies applied. It shows the AIIB is able to ensure affected people have access to its own mechanism.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Another loophole in the new ESF is for capital market projects. The AIIB allows the application of ill-defined environmental, social and governance (ESG)<\/a> standards to be developed by individual asset managers, in lieu of ESF requirements. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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According to von Amsberg, in cases where AIIB purchases bonds from the market, it cannot apply its ESF since there is no contractual relationship between the bank and the bond\u2019s issuer. \u201cIt is not a suspension of the ESF, but implementation to a different mechanism…Our board has to approve each of those operations and the framework for implementing the ESF through the ESG framework.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThis is especially concerning given the serious lack of information the bank has disclosed on its existing capital market projects,\u201d said Mark Grimsditch, China Global Program Director for Inclusive Development International. As the AIIB increasingly expands its lending to and investing in financial intermediaries and capital markets, \u201cit is important that the bank addresses this transparency gap, disclosing information on these portfolios and providing more detailed information on how it manages this type of investment,\u201d he said. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The bank prides itself on using a \u201clean\u201d approach to management. Compared to many other multilateral development banks, it is quite small. It has just over 300 employees and has opened only one office outside its headquarters in Beijing. On the question of seeking the balance between lean and green, von Amsberg said: \u201cthe answer is through careful selection of our partners\u201d. However, many observers question if balancing these values may in practice mean cutting corners on necessary due diligence.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

New studies claim the young multilateral bank has loopholes in its environmental and social safeguards that allow negative impacts on communities<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3513,"featured_media":73678,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[758],"tags":[504,544,580],"hashtags":[],"country":[50040717],"class_list":["post-73676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","tag-aiib","tag-finance","tag-policy","country-indonesia"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAIIB\u2019s environmental and social safeguards under scrutiny ahead of AGM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"New studies claim the young multilateral bank has loopholes in its environmental and social safeguards that allow negative impacts on communities\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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