{"id":40093332,"date":"2023-06-05T11:47:34","date_gmt":"2023-06-05T10:47:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinadialogueocean.net\/?post_type=opinion&#038;p=93332"},"modified":"2023-06-08T17:12:11","modified_gmt":"2023-06-08T16:12:11","slug":"93332","status":"publish","type":"opinion","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/9\/93332\/","title":{"rendered":"\u89c2\u70b9\uff1a\u6253\u51fb\u6d77\u4e0a\u975e\u6cd5\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5a92\u4f53\u5bf9<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/global\/2022\/may\/17\/migrant-workers-exploited-and-beaten-on-uk-fishing-boats\">\u8650\u5f85\u6e14\u6c11<\/a>\u4ee5\u53ca<a href=\"https:\/\/www.undercurrentnews.com\/2023\/05\/04\/iuu-fishing-responsible-for-143m-annual-loss-in-indian-ocean-wwf-claims\/\">\u975e\u6cd5\u6355\u635e<\/a>\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e0d\u5c11\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5bf9\u9910\u76d8\u4e2d\u6d77\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u7591\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-did-you-know alignright block--did-you-know\"><p class=\"block--did-you-know__title\">\u7f16\u8005\u6309<\/p><div class=\"block--did-you-know__content\"><p>\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u585e\u6797\u683c\u3001\u65af\u5e15\u514b\u65af\u548c\u74e6\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\u535a\u58eb\u5171\u540c\u5f00\u5c55\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aaz3801\">\u7814\u7a76<\/a>\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2d\u5c71\u65b0\u4e4b\u52a9\uff08Shinnosuke Nakayama\uff09\u3001\u4ea8\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u5965\u65af\u7279\u5c14\u5e03\u5362\u59c6\uff08Henrik \u00d6sterblom\uff09\u3001\u6770\u897f\u5361\u00b7\u65af\u76ae\u514b\u65af\uff08Jessica Spijkers\uff09\u3001\u5185\u68ee\u00b7A\u00b7\u7c73\u52d2\uff08Nathan A. Miller\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b80\u00b7\u8d1d\u5bbe\u987f\uff08Jan Bebbington\uff09\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ec5\u53cd\u6620\u585e\u6797\u683c\u3001\u65af\u5e15\u514b\u65af\u548c\u74e6\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\u4e09\u4f4d\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-022-28916-2\">\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76<\/a>\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u62c5\u5fc3\u4e0d\u65e0\u9053\u7406\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5404\u5730\u90fd\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u8650\u5f85\u52b3\u5de5\u3001\u4ee5\u53caIUU\u6355\u635e\uff08\u975e\u6cd5\u3001\u672a\u62a5\u544a\u548c\u65e0\u7ba1\u5236\u7684\u6355\u635e\u6d3b\u52a8\uff09\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5404\u5927\u6d0b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u7c7b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u533a\u57df\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e86\u5168\u7403750\u591a\u4e2a\u6e2f\u53e3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d57%\u4e0e\u8650\u5f85\u52b3\u5de5\u548cIUU\u6355\u635e\u6709\u6240\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4e4f\u4e00\u4e9b\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e25\u683c\u6cbb\u7406\u548c\u6e14\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u533a\u57df\u3001\u6536\u96c6\u66f4\u591a\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\u964d\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u5206\u522b\u662f\u8239\u53ea\u60ac\u6302\u7684\u8239\u65d7\uff08\u8868\u660e\u8239\u53ea\u7684\u6ce8\u518c\u5730\u70b9\uff09\u548c\u8239\u4e0a\u914d\u5907\u7684\u6e14\u5177\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-iuu\">IUU \u8ba9\u6e14\u6c11\u798f\u7949\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d7\u5230\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5229\u5bb3\u6538\u5173\uff1a\u8650\u5f85\u52b3\u5de5\u4e8b\u5173\u751f\u6b7b\uff0c\u4f46\u6e14\u6c11\u906d\u53d7\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u538b\u69a8\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8f83\u8f7b\u4e5f\u4e9f\u9700\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6076\u52a3\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6e14\u6c11\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u751f\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u66f4\u591a\u5265\u524a\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8650\u5f85\u52b3\u5de5\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u514b\u6263<a href=\"https:\/\/oceanjusticeinitiative.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/20220823_ENGLISH.pdf\">\u5de5\u8d44<\/a>\uff0c\u5373\u5c11\u4ed8\u6216\u4e0d\u652f\u4ed8\u5546\u5b9a\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u3001\u6263\u538b\u5de5\u8d44\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u652f\u4ed8\u52a0\u73ed\u8d39\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/global\/topics\/forced-labour\/publications\/WCMS_203832\/lang--en\/index.htm\">\u5bfc\u81f4\u5f3a\u8feb\u52b3\u52a8<\/a>\uff0c\u963b\u788d\u6e14\u6c11\u53ca\u9700\u8981\u5176\u8d61\u517b\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5458\u589e\u52a0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6536\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<a class=\"wp-block-cd-related-news alignright block--related-news loading\" data-post-id=\"40090385\"><div class=\"block--related-news__image\"><\/div><div class=\"block--related-news__content\"><span class=\"block--related-news__heading\">\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><span class=\"block--related-news__title\"><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d22\u653f\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4f9d\u9760\u8fd1\u5cb8\u6e14\u4e1a\u83b7\u5f97\u8425\u517b\u548c\u751f\u8ba1\u7684\u6cbf\u6d77\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u90fd\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86IUU\u6355\u635e\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ece\u5408\u6cd5\u8d38\u6613\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7a83\u53d6\u9c7c\u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6bcf\u5e74\u9020\u6210\u7ea6<a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aaz3801\">260\u4ebf\u81f3500\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/a>\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f24\u5bb3\u4e86\u9c7c\u7c7b\u79cd\u7fa4\uff0c\u6b83\u53ca\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u540e\u4e16\u5b50\u5b59\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" 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href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-022-28916-2\">\u60ac\u6302\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u8239\u65d7<\/a>\u6216\u914d\u5907\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u6e14\u5177\u7684\u8fdb\u6e2f\u8239\u53ea\u5b9e\u65bd\u66f4\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u76d1\u6d4b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u900f\u660e\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u6eaf\u6e90\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u90fd\u6709\u8d56\u4e8e\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u91c7\u8d2d\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-article-image aligncenter block--article-image block--article-image--article\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"block--article-image__column\"><div class=\"hide-expand block--article-image__image\"><img class=\"lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/20230605_Chinese-Longliner-Long-Xing-621-in-the-Atlantic-Ocean_Greenpeace_GP0STU638-scaled.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/20230605_Chinese-Longliner-Long-Xing-621-in-the-Atlantic-Ocean_Greenpeace_GP0STU638-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/20230605_Chinese-Longliner-Long-Xing-621-in-the-Atlantic-Ocean_Greenpeace_GP0STU638-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/20230605_Chinese-Longliner-Long-Xing-621-in-the-Atlantic-Ocean_Greenpeace_GP0STU638-scaled.jpg 2560w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 768px, (max-width: 1024px) 1024px, 2560px\" alt=\"shark being hauled onto a ship\"\/><\/div><div class=\"block--article-image__content\"><div itemprop=\"caption\" class=\"block--article-image__caption\">\u4e00\u8258\u5728\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u4e2d\u90e8\u6d77\u57df\u6355\u635e\u91d1\u67aa\u9c7c\u7684\u5ef6\u7ef3\u9493\u6e14\u8239\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u5c06\u4e00\u6761\u9ca8\u9c7c\u62d6\u4e0a\u7532\u677f\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u00a9 Tommy Trenchard \/ Greenpeace<\/div><\/div><\/div><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/20230605_Chinese-Longliner-Long-Xing-621-in-the-Atlantic-Ocean_Greenpeace_GP0STU638-scaled.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"694 KB\"\/><meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"1707\"\/><meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"2560\"\/><meta itemprop=\"author\"\/><meta itemprop=\"representativeOfPage\" content=\"true\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u8650\u5f85\u52b3\u5de5\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u548c\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u6027\u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u591f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u6355\u6349\u5f88\u591a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u514b\u6263\u5de5\u8d44\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u52a8\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6355\u6349\u6b67\u89c6\u6216\u8005\u5728\u8239\u5916\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u52b3\u5f79\u507f\u503a\uff09\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u89e3\u51b3\u52b3\u5de5\u8650\u5f85\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u9700\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u514b\u670d\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c40\u9650\u548c\u504f\u89c1\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0308597X22000914\">\u4e0e\u6e14\u6c11\u5bc6\u5207\u5408\u4f5c<\/a>\u662f\u60f3\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3001\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8981<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0308597X22000914\">\u4e0e\u6e14\u6c11\u8fdb\u884c\u5bc6\u5207\u5408\u4f5c<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662f\u4f9d\u9760\u5047\u8bbe\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u624d\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u8bc6\u522b\u8650\u5f85\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u66f4\u52a0\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bc4\u4f30\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u533a\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u8239\u53ea\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u98ce\u9669\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6c34\u51c6\uff0c\u884c\u4e1a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u63a5\u53d7\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u505a\u4e8b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u4e3a\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u8239\u53ea\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u8865\u5145\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6e2f\u53e3\u884c\u52a8\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981<strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u80fd\u5426<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0308597X17303445#f0010\">\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u9879\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u76ee\u6807<\/a>\uff0c\u5404\u5927\u6e14\u4e1a\u516c\u53f8\u80fd\u5426\u5151\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684<a 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href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-022-28916-2\">\u6211\u4eec\u7814\u7a76<\/a>\u4e86\u8239\u53ea\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u52b3\u5de5\u8650\u5f85\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u8239\u7c4d\u6216\u60ac\u6302\u4e0d\u540c\u8239\u65d7\u7684\u8239\u53ea\u5728\u6e2f\u53e3\u505c\u7559\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8239\u7c4d\u56fd\u8150\u8d25\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u8239\u53ea\u5728\u6e2f\u53e3\u505c\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u6700\u77ed\u3002\u505c\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u77ed\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6e14\u6c11\u4e0b\u8239\u6216\u8054\u7cfb\u6e2f\u52a1\u90e8\u95e8\uff08\u4ece\u800c\u62a5\u544a\u81ea\u8eab\u72b6\u51b5\uff09\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u4e3b\u7ba1\u90e8\u95e8\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u627e\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5e76\u5f00\u5c55\u5f7b\u5e95\u68c0\u67e5\u3002 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class=\"block--related-news__title\"><\/span><\/div><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9488\u5bf9\u8650\u5f85\u52b3\u5de5\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u6216\u5f3a\u5316\u5177\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7ea6\u675f\u529b\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u4fdd\u62a4\u5de5\u4eba\uff1b\u52a0\u5f3a\u5e72\u9884\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0308597X22001555\">\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4eba\u5728\u6e2f\u53e3\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u611f<\/a>\uff1b\u786e\u4fdd\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u9002\u5f53\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nottingham.ac.uk\/Research\/Beacons-of-Excellence\/Rights-Lab\/resources\/reports-and-briefings\/2022\/May\/Letting-exploitation-off-the-hook.pdf\">\u5165\u5883\u6761\u4ef6<\/a>\uff0c\u8ba9\u5de5\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u5165\u6e2f\u53e3\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u6e2f\u53e3\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u76d1\u7ba1\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4e3a\u6e14\u6c11\u6295\u8bc9\u63d0\u4f9b\u660e\u786e\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6279\u51c6\u9488\u5bf9\u6e14\u6c11\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u6807\u51c6\u2014\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/dyn\/normlex\/en\/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CODE:C188\">\u300a\u6e14\u4e1a\u52b3\u5de5\u516c\u7ea6\u300b<\/a>\uff08\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7b2c188\u53f7\u516c\u7ea6\uff09\uff08Work in Fishing 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href=\"https:\/\/wsr-network.org\/what-is-wsr\/\">\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\u8ba1\u5212<\/a>\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u5e94\u7531\u5de5\u4eba\u53d1\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u6267\u6cd5\u4e3a\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\u6761\u6b3e\u5e94\u5f53\u5177\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7ea6\u675f\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h--1\">\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u5408\u4f5c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u5f3a\u5316\u81ea\u8eab\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8981\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u534f\u8c03\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5236\u5b9a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ec5\u51ed\u4f01\u4e1a\u81ea\u613f\u884c\u52a8\u65e0\u6cd5<a 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