{"id":44334,"date":"2020-01-17T17:48:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-17T17:48:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-26T09:26:39","modified_gmt":"2020-06-26T09:26:39","slug":"44334","status":"publish","type":"opinion","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/5\/44334\/","title":{"rendered":"\u62b5\u5236\u65e0\u76ca\u89e3\u51b3\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u9020\u6210\u7684\u73af\u5883\u95ee\u9898"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u9014\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3001\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u539f\u6599\u3002\u65b9\u4fbf\u9762\u3001\u997c\u5e72\u3001\u5316\u5986\u54c1\u7b49\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5546\u54c1\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u5b83\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u6c11\u95f4\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u542b\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u751f\u4ea7\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u6bc1\u706d\u6027\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org.uk\/news\/palm-oil-oreo-cadbury-linked-destruction-orangutan-habitat\/\">\u6816\u606f\u5730<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldwildlife.org\/stories\/endangered-species-threatened-by-unsustainable-palm-oil-production\">\u91ce\u751f\u751f\u7269\u4e27\u5931<\/a>\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u91ce\u751f\u52a8\u7269\u6148\u5584\u673a\u6784\u4f26\u6566\u52a8\u7269\u5b66\u4f1a\u5c31\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u8d28\u7591\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8be5\u5b66\u4f1a\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u9879\u76ee\u904d\u5e0350\u591a\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u5168\u7403\u4e3b\u8981\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u4f01\u4e1a\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u5e73\u53f0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.spott.org\/\">SPOTT<\/a>\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u65d7\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5168\u7403\u6bcf\u5e74\u751f\u4ea7\u68d5\u6988\u6cb97000\u4e07\u5428\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u904d\u5e03\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u4ec5\u5370\u5c3c\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u6b27\u76df\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u533a\u5c31\u6d88\u8017\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u534a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/6431\/20191113_PalmOilConsumption_Chinese_2000pix.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/6431\/20191113_PalmOilConsumption_Chinese_2000pix.png\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%;\"><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>2019\u5e74\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/ch\/11591-Can-China-shift-to-sustainable-palm-oil-\">\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fdb\u53e3<\/a>\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9630\u591a\u4e07\u5428\uff0c\u7ea6\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u4f9b\u5e94\u91cf\u76849%\uff0c\u5360\u98df\u7528\u6cb9\u8fdb\u53e3\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u53e3\u81ea\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\uff0c\u5168\u740385%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u90fd\u4ea7\u81ea\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6216\u201c\u4f20\u7edf\u201d\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5341\u5206\u666e\u904d\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u4f1a\u90fd\u6709\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u4ec5\u6709<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eco-business.com\/news\/china-speed-needed-for-a-breakthrough-in-sustainable-palm-oil\/\">\u4e0d\u52301%<\/a>\u5c5e\u4e8e\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/6437\/CD-palmoil-infographics-Chinese-02.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/6437\/CD-palmoil-infographics-Chinese-02.png\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%;\"><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u957f\uff08\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4ee5\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u5f0f\u751f\u4ea7\uff09\u52a9\u957f\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u6700\u4e30\u5bcc\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u68ee\u6797\u780d\u4f10\u30022018\u5e74\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wri.org\/blog\/2019\/04\/world-lost-belgium-sized-area-primary-rainforests-last-year\">\u7ea6360\u4e07\u516c\u9877\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u68ee\u6797\u88ab\u780d\u4f10\u6b86\u5c3d<\/a>\u2014\u2014\u9762\u79ef\u4e0e\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u56fd\u571f\u76f8\u5f53\u3002\u9020\u6210\u780d\u4f10\u7684\u4e0d\u6b62\u662f\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u6269\u5f20\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u755c\u7267\u517b\u6b96\u3001\u5927\u8c46\u3001\u6728\u6750\u548c\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u751f\u4ea7\uff09\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u751f\u4ea7\u9020\u6210\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u68ee\u6797\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4e27\u5931\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u533a\u7684\u751f\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u68ee\u6797\u80fd\u591f\u6355\u96c6\u548c\u5c01\u5b58\u5927\u91cf\u78b3\uff0c\u5bf9\u51cf\u8f7b\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6816\u606f\u5730\u4e5f\u662f\u5a46\u7f57\u6d32\u7329\u7329\u548c\u82cf\u95e8\u7b54\u814a\u864e\u7b49\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u5bb6\u56ed\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u52a8\u7269\u90fd\u5df2\u5217\u5165\u4e16\u754c\u81ea\u7136\u4fdd\u62a4\u8054\u76df\u6fd2\u5371\u7269\u79cd\u7ea2\u8272\u540d\u5f55\uff0c\u800c\u6cb9\u68d5\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u79cd\u52a8\u7269\u6570\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/6446\/Orangutan__male___c__Oliver_Wearn_final.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"orangutan palm oil\" src=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/6446\/Orangutan__male___c__Oliver_Wearn_final.jpg\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%;\"><\/a><\/em><br \/>\n<span class=\"caption\">\u6cb9\u68d5\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5a46\u7f57\u6d32\u7329\u7329\u6570\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u00a9 ZSL<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6816\u606f\u5730\u4e27\u5931\u4e0d\u4ec5\u76f4\u63a5\u9020\u6210\u91ce\u751f\u52a8\u7269\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u91ce\u751f\u52a8\u7269\u88ab\u8feb\u8fdb\u5165\u4eba\u7c7b\u5c45\u4f4f\u533a\uff0c\u52a0\u5267\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u52a9\u957f\u975e\u6cd5\u72e9\u730e\u3002\u68ee\u6797\u3001\u6ce5\u70ad\u5730\u7b49\u751f\u5883\u4e5f\u8ba9\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u533a\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u6e05\u6d01\u6c34\u3001\u81ea\u7ed9\u4f5c\u7269\u3001\u975e\u6728\u6750\u68ee\u6797\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u5f53\u6797\u5730\u88ab\u6e05\u9664\u3001\u8f6c\u800c\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u65f6\uff0c\u68ee\u6797\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e0a\u8ff0\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u6d88\u6781\u540e\u679c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6c11\u95f4\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u529b\u6c42\u63d0\u9ad8\u5176\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u6279\u8bc4\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u548c\u5317\u7f8e\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u62b5\u5236\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u547c\u5401\u6539\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u690d\u7269\u6cb9\u4f5c\u7269\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u8fde\u9501\u8d85\u5e02<a href=\"https:\/\/about.iceland.co.uk\/environment\/\">Iceland<\/a>\u8fd1\u671f\u5c31\u5df2\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u5176\u6240\u6709\u81ea\u6709\u54c1\u724c\u4ea7\u54c1\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\uff0c\u7ebf\u4e0a\u8d85\u5e02<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ocado.com\/browse\/free-from-organic-30489\/free-from-46010\/palm-oil-free-230097\">Ocado<\/a>\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9996\u4e2a\u201c\u65e0\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u201d\u8d2d\u7269\u901a\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u65e0\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u201d\u627f\u8bfa\u770b\u4f3c\u79ef\u6781\u6b63\u9762\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u968f\u7740\u4f01\u4e1a\u8f6c\u5411\u51fa\u6cb9\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u690d\u7269\u6cb9\uff0c\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u780d\u4f10\u548c\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4e27\u5931\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u80fd\u8d62\u5f97\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u9752\u7750\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7528\u9014\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.org\/resources\/issues-briefs\/palm-oil-and-biodiversity\">\u51fa\u6cb9\u7387\u9ad8<\/a>\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u4e00\u5428\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u6240\u9700\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4ec5\u4e3a\u5927\u8c46\u3001\u8475\u82b1\u7c7d\u6216\u83dc\u7c7d\u6cb9\u7684\u516b\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u9884\u8ba1\u52302050\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u9700\u6c42\u5c06\u7ffb\u4e00\u756a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u690d\u7269\u6cb9\u66ff\u4ee3\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u95ee\u9898\u5f97\u5230\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/6452\/Vegetable_oil_yields_per_hectare_per_year__1_.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/uploads\/content_image\/content_image\/6452\/Vegetable_oil_yields_per_hectare_per_year__1_.png\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%;\"><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u62b5\u5236\u8fd0\u52a8\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u52a8\u529b\u53bb\u6539\u5584\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u6311\u5254\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u9500\u552e\u4f20\u7edf\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8f6c\u5411\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c11\u95f4\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6240<a href=\"https:\/\/www.zsl.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Joint_statement_in_support_of_Sustainable_Palm_Oil.pdf\">\u9752\u7750\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u751f\u4ea7\u91c7\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u8d2d\u4e70\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6765\u8bf4\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u516c\u53f8\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u65b9\u5f0f\u751f\u4ea7\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u68ee\u6797\u780d\u4f10\u3001\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4e27\u5931\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5de5\u4eba\u548c\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5265\u524a\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u5f53\u5730\u7ecf\u6d4e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.spott.org\/news\/palm-oil-a-business-case-for-sustainability\/\">\u5e26\u6765\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56de\u62a5<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5bfc\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u81ea\u613f<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/ch\/11629-How-palm-oil-is-certified-sustainable-\">\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u5236<\/a>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u5706\u684c\u4f1a\u8bae\uff08RSPO\uff09\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u8ba4\u53ef\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u3001\u6700\u4e3a\u5065\u5168\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u8be5\u6807\u51c6\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u4f01\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u83b7\u5f97\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5b88\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u68ee\u6797\u3001\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3001\u5de5\u4eba\u548c\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a 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href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/ch\/11629-How-palm-oil-is-certified-sustainable-\">\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u600e\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e3a\u201c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadialogue.net\/article\/show\/single\/ch\/11720-Does-Colombia-hold-the-answer-to-sustainable-palm-oil-\">\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7075\u836f\u5417\uff1f<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-2ae4dcba-7fff-99cb-3fc4-f137b4aedafb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/article\/show\/single\/ch\/11813-India-s-curbs-on-Malaysian-palm-oil-set-to-shake-up-sector-\">\u5370\u5ea6\u4e0e\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u201c\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u4e4b\u6218\u201d<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-2ae4dcba-7fff-99cb-3fc4-f137b4aedafb\"><a 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