{"id":69767,"date":"2021-01-25T14:59:58","date_gmt":"2021-01-25T14:59:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinadialogue.net\/?post_type=opinion&#038;p=69767"},"modified":"2021-01-25T15:00:11","modified_gmt":"2021-01-25T15:00:11","slug":"69767","status":"publish","type":"opinion","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/1\/69767\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4fdd\u62a4\u6c5f\u6cb3\u6e56\u6cca\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u91c7\u7802\u52bf\u5728\u5fc5\u884c"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u91c7\u7802\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u7684\u91c7\u6398\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u91c7\u81ea\u6cb3\u6d41\u3001\u6e56\u6cca\u3001\u6d77\u6d0b\u548c\u5c71\u5761\u7684\u7802\u77f3\u591a\u8fbe<a href=\"https:\/\/wwf.panda.org\/wwf_news\/?333451%2FUncovering-sand-minings-impacts-on-the-worlds-rivers\">500\u4ebf\u5428<\/a>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u5374\u5f88\u5c11\u53d7\u5230\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u7802\u77f3\u662f\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u548c\u67cf\u6cb9\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u9053\u8def\u4ece\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bb2\u5c31\u5efa\u5728\u6c99\u5806\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\u53ca\u5176\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u51e0\u4e4e\u8ddf\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u6cb3\u7684\u6cb3\u6c34\u4e00\u6837\u6d51\u6d4a\u4e0d\u6e05\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7802\u77f3\uff08\u4e5f\u88ab\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u9aa8\u6599\uff09\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cb3\u6d41\u3002\u53bb\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u6587\u732e<a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/rra.3586\">\u7efc\u8ff0<\/a>\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6025\u9700\u5c31\u91c7\u7802\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8be5\u884c\u4e1a\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5398\u6e05\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u91c7\u7802\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c34\u7535\u5927\u575d\u5bf9\u6cb3\u6d41\u81ea\u7136\u5f62\u6001\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3001\u6c34\u4f4d\u4e0a\u5347\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c14\u5019\u98ce\u9669\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6d2a\u6c34\uff09\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53bb\u5e74\u957f\u6c5f\u6dee\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\u7684\u6d2a\u6c34\u9020\u6210<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinanews.com\/gn\/2021\/01-02\/9377255.shtml\">99\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u548c1322\u4ebf\u5143\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u635f\u5931<\/a>\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6cbf\u6d77\u4f4e\u6d3c\u5730\u533a\u9971\u53d7\u6d2a\u6d9d\u56f0\u6270\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd1\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u9632\u6d2a\u4e0a\u6295\u5165\u4e86\u5927\u7b14\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6d2a\u6c34\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4f46\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u964d\u96e8\u6a21\u5f0f\u53d8\u5316\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8fd8\u9700\u5728\u6297\u707e\u80fd\u529b\u5efa\u8bbe\u65b9\u9762\u5f00\u5c55\u66f4\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6295\u8d44<a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/6\/65894\/\">\u57fa\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/a>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u6062\u590d\u5e76\u4e14\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u6cb3\u6d41\u548c\u6e56\u6cca\u4e2d\u8fc7\u91cf\u5f00\u91c7\u7802\u77f3\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u6d2a\u6c34\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u5f00\u91c7\u7802\u77f3\u7528\u4e8e\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u516c\u8def\u548c\u94c1\u8def\u65e5\u76ca\u9762\u4e34\u6d2a\u6c34\u4fb5\u88ad\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cd-pull-quote block--pull-quote block--pull-quote--no-citation\"><div class=\"block--pull-quote__wrapper\"><blockquote class=\"block--pull-quote__quote\">\u4ece\u6cb3\u7802\u8f6c\u5411\u4eba\u9020\u7802\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u628a\u7834\u574f\u6cb3\u6d41\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u8f6c\u5ac1\u5230\u5c71\u8109\u4e0a\uff1f<\/blockquote><cite class=\"block--pull-quote__cite\"><\/cite><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u8bbe\u70ed\u6f6e\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7802\u77f3\u5f00\u91c7\u56fd\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u56fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u5927\u7ea6<a href=\"https:\/\/e360.yale.edu\/features\/the-hidden-environmental-toll-of-mining-the-worlds-sand\">60%<\/a>\u7684\u7802\u77f3\u30022011\u81f32013\u5e74\u7684\u4e09\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u7528\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa100\u5e74\u95f4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u7802\u77f3\u662f\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.shellyco.com\/2014\/01\/30\/sand-gravel-concrete\/#:~:text=If%2520you%2520want%2520to%2520get,percent%2520volume%2520is%2520air%2520entrainment.\">\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206<\/a>\u3002\u6d88\u8017\u5927\u91cf\u7802\u77f3\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u571f\u5730\u590d\u57a6\u9879\u76ee\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7a81\u98de\u731b\u8fdb\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5047\u5982\u4ece\u957f\u6c5f\u3001\u9ec4\u6cb3\u3001\u73e0\u6c5f\u7b49\u4e3b\u8981\u6cb3\u6d41\u7684\u6cb3\u5e8a\u4e2d\u5f00\u91c7\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u7802\u77f3\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cb3\u6d41\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u589e\u52a0\u6d2a\u6c34\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u91c7\u7802\u6d3b\u52a8\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u6cb3\u6d41\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u91c7\u7802\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5982\u679c\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u4e0a\u6e38\u7684\u6cb3\u6d41\u6c89\u79ef\u7269\u81ea\u7136\u8865\u7ed9\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6cb3\u5e8a\u53d8\u6df1\u53d8\u7a84\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4f7f\u6cb3\u6d41\u6c34\u4f4d\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u6c34\u6d41\u901f\u5ea6\u52a0\u5feb\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u6cb3\u5cb8\u53d7\u5230\u4fb5\u8680\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u4f1a\u524a\u5f31\u6d41\u57df\u5728\u6d2a\u6c34\u671f\u95f4\u5438\u6536\u591a\u4f59\u6c34\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5bfc\u81f4\u9c7c\u7c7b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u79cd\u8d56\u4ee5\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u751f\u5883\u6076\u5316\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5927\u575d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u91c7\u7802\u5bf9\u6cb3\u6d41\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u52a8\u529b\u6da1\u8f6e\u673a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8fd8\u5e0c\u671b\u6c34\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u63a7\u5236\u6d2a\u5cf0\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u4e5f\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u5927\u575d\u622a\u7559\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6c34\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7802\u77f3\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6c89\u79ef\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3b\u8981\u6cb3\u6d41\u7d2f\u8ba1\u6709<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/322272416_Human_impacts_on_sediment_in_the_Yangtze_River_A_review_and_new_perspectives\">77%-99%<\/a>\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u6c89\u79ef\u7269\u88ab\u5927\u575d\u622a\u7559\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u969c\u788d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u66f4\u7ec6\u5c0f\u7684\u6ce5\u6c99\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7802\u77f3\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u6cb3\u5e8a\u548c\u6cb3\u5cb8\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u6c89\u79ef\u7269\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0b\u6e38\u7684\u91c7\u7802\u66f4\u52a0\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\uff0c\u6cb3\u9053\u548c\u6cb3\u5cb8\u906d\u5230\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4fb5\u8680\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u6cb3\u5e8a\u52a0\u6df1\uff0c\u6c34\u4f4d\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u6d77\u6c34\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5165\u4fb5\u6cb3\u53e3\u3002\u7528\u6c34\u9700\u6c42\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u7ed9\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u50a8\u5907\u5e26\u6765\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5730\u9762\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6c89\u964d\uff0c\u6d2a\u6c34\u98ce\u9669\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u5927\u575d\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u786e\u5b9e\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6d2a\u6c34\uff0c\u4f46\u957f\u8fdc\u6765\u770b\u8fd9\u9879\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u91c7\u7802\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u578b\u6c34\u5e93\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9632\u6d2a\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u9884\u671f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u65e0\u6cd5\u51cf\u5c11\u73b0\u6709\u5927\u575d\u5bf9\u6c89\u79ef\u7269\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u7ecf\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u91c7\u7802\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u3002\u5728\u751f\u6001\u6587\u660e\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u201c\u957f\u6c5f\u5927\u4fdd\u62a4\u201d\u7b49\u653f\u7b56\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u957f\u6c5f\u5e72\u6d41\u6cb3\u9053\u4e0a\u7684\u91c7\u7802\u6d3b\u52a8\u5df2\u53d7\u5230<a href=\"http:\/\/env.people.com.cn\/n1\/2021\/0106\/c1010-31990142.html\">\u4e25\u683c\u7ea6\u675f<\/a>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u91c7\u7802\u8005\u4eec\u201c\u8f6c\u6218\u201d<a href=\"https:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/images\/146987\/poyang-lake-extremes\">\u9131\u9633\u6e56<\/a>\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8be5\u6e56\u533a\u5f88\u5feb\u6210\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/cities\/2017\/feb\/27\/sand-mining-global-environmental-crisis-never-heard\">\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u7684\u91c7\u7802\u573a<\/a>\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u5f53\u5730\u73af\u5883\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u9131\u9633\u6e56\u6c34\u6587\u8282\u5f8b\u7684\u6781\u5ea6\u6fd2\u5371\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/6\/43216\/\">\u957f\u6c5f\u6c5f\u8c5a<\/a>\uff0c\u6e56\u533a\u7684\u91c7\u7802\u6d3b\u52a8\u73b0\u5728\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u7802\u77f3\u9700\u6c42\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u627e\u5230\u66f4\u52a0\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b63\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4ece\u65e7\u5efa\u7b51\u4e2d<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aggregateresearch.com\/news\/china-facing-declining-aggregate-demand\/\">\u56de\u6536\u9aa8\u6599<\/a>\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u9020\u7802\u77f3\u201d\u4ea7\u4e1a\u6b63\u6b63\u5728\u8d77\u98de\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7802\u77f3\u534f\u4f1a\u79f0\u6b63\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u8be5\u884c\u4e1a\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<a class=\"wp-block-cd-related-news alignright block--related-news loading\" data-post-id=\"0\"><div class=\"block--related-news__image\"><\/div><div class=\"block--related-news__content\"><span class=\"block--related-news__heading\">\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><span 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