{"id":37162,"date":"2006-11-08T17:04:00","date_gmt":"2006-11-08T17:04:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T22:34:55","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T22:34:55","slug":"37162","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/3\/37162\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4eac\u90fd\u548c\u540e\u4eac\u90fd\uff1a\u8ff7\u9014\u6307\u6d25"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p>\u4e2d\u5916\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7f51\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0&ldquo;\u4e2d&rdquo;\uff09\uff1a\u4ece1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6001\u5ea6\u6709\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u57c3\u5229\u5965\u7279&middot;\u8fea\u6797\u683c\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0&ldquo;\u8fea&rdquo;\uff09\uff1a\u4ece1997\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5bf9\u89e3\u51b3\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u6276\u6301\u6709\u4e86\u660e\u663e\u52a0\u5927\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba4\u540c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u6df1\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u4e00\u81f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u6b63\u5728\u53d8\u6696\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u6025\u5267\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u51b0\u5ddd\u878d\u5316\u3001\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u5316\u7b49\uff0c\u6b63\u6bd4\u9884\u671f\u7684\u6765\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u8fd8\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u98ce\u9669\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u9996\u5e2d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u65af&middot;\u65af\u7279\u6069\u7235\u58eb\u6700\u8fd1\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u4e00\u4efd<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hm-treasury.gov.uk\/independent_reviews\/stern_review_economics_climate_change\/sternreview_index.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>\u62a5\u544a<\/span><\/a>\u65ad\u5b9a\uff1a\u51cf\u5c11\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6709\u529b\u884c\u52a8\u52302050\u5e74\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u7ea6\u5168\u7403GDP\u76841%\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4f1a\u5c06\u5168\u7403GDP\u524a\u51cf5%\u81f320%\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6276\u6301\u6b63\u5728\u52a0\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5927\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u65b0\u5174\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u653f\u5e9c\u91c7\u53d6\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u6765\u907f\u514d\u5371\u9669\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u4e2d\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kyoto_Protocol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>\u300a\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u300b<\/span><\/a>\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u6210\u679c\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u8fea\uff1a\u300a\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a\u4ece2008\u5e74\u52302012\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u4e1a\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\uff09\u7684\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u8981\u57281990\u5e74\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5e73\u5747\u51cf\u5c115\uff0e2%\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653f\u7b56\u4e2d\u610f\u4e49\u6700\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u662f\u6b27\u76df\u7684\u6392\u653e\u8d38\u6613\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u9650\u5b9a\u4e86\u6b27\u6d321\uff0e2\u4e07\u4e2a\u53d1\u7535\u7ad9\u3001\u5de5\u5382\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u3002\u300a\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u300b\u8fd8\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u6e05\u6d01\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u4e3a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u4e0e\u904f\u5236\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u52aa\u529b\u800c\u53d7\u76ca\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u57282008\u5e74\u52302012\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\u6240\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u51cf\u6392\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u957f\u671f\u51cf\u6392\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u4e2d\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e2d\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u300b\u505a\u51fa\u51cf\u6392\u627f\u8bfa\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u8fea\uff1a\u904f\u5236\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u52aa\u529b\u59cb\u4e8e1992\u5e74\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/essential_background\/convention\/items\/2627.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener 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href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clean_Development_Mechanism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>\u6e05\u6d01\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u5236<\/span><\/a>\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u8fea\uff1a\u6e05\u6d01\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u5236\u662f\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u300b\u786e\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8ba9\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u540c\u65f6\u53d7\u76ca\u3002\u6309\u7167\u6e05\u6d01\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u51cf\u5c11\u6216\u907f\u514d\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f&ldquo;\u4fe1\u7528\u989d\u5ea6&rdquo;\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b&ldquo;\u989d\u5ea6&rdquo;\u80fd\u591f\u5411\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u51fa\u552e\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b83\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u300a\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d7\u76ca\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u4ee5\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u6210\u672c\u8fbe\u6807\u3002\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f7f\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d7\u76ca\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5438\u5f15\u5230\u4fc3\u6210\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u548c\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u4e2d\uff1a\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ece\u4e2d\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u60c5\u51b5\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u8fea\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u76ee\u524d\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u5236\u9879\u76ee\u6bd4\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u591a\u3002\u52302012\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u9884\u8ba1\u53ef\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa3\uff0e95\u4ebf\u5428\u7684\u51cf\u6392\u989d\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u4ef7\u503c\u8fd130\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u5305\u62ec\u6269\u5927\u98ce\u529b\u3001\u6c34\u529b\u3001\u751f\u7269\u91cf\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u80fd\u6548\uff0c\u63a8\u5e7f\u68ee\u6797\u518d\u9020\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u578b\u519c\u4e1a\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u586b\u57cb\u5783\u573e\u6c14\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thefreedictionary.com\/hydrofluorocarbon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span>\u6c22\u6c1f\u78b3\u5316\u7269<\/span><\/a>\uff08\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e9f\u6c14\uff09\u3002\u98ce\u529b\u9879\u76ee\u6bd4\u5176\u5b83\u4efb\u4f55\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u591a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6c22\u6c1f\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u6392\u653e\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5df2\u4ea7\u751f\u4e3a\u6570\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u7528\u989d\u5ea6\uff08\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e2d\u56fd\u6e05\u6d01\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u5236\u4fe1\u7528\u989d\u5ea6\u768470%\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u4e2d\uff1a\u6392\u653e\u7684&ldquo;\u5386\u53f2\u8d23\u4efb&rdquo;\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u8fea\uff1a\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u7531\u5927\u6c14\u5c42\u4e2d\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u805a\u96c6\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u957f\u671f\u6ede\u7559\u5728\u5927\u6c14\u5c42\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u4f1a\u5728\u5927\u6c14\u5c42\u4e2d\u6ede\u7559\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684&ldquo;\u8d21\u732e&rdquo;\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5b83\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u6392\u653e\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5b83\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5e74\u4e2d\u7d2f\u79ef\u7684\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ece1850\u5e74\u52302000\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u768430%\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ea\u5236\u9020\u4e867%\u3002\u636e\u4f30\u7b97\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7d2f\u79ef\u7684\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u57282065\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u5c06\u4e0e\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u6301\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u4e2d\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u65b0\u5174\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u505a\u51fa\u627f\u8bfa\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u8fea\uff1a\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u5371\u9669\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u672c\u4e16\u7eaa\u51cf\u5c1160%\u523080%\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9\u6392\u653e\u8d1f\u6709\u4e3b\u8981\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u4e5f\u5728\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u5185\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u7531\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u6392\u653e\u603b\u91cf\u5c31\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u4e5f\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u672a\u6765\u5c06\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u91c7\u53d6\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4e3b\u8981\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e5f\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u627f\u8bfa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u4e2d\uff1a\u672c\u6708\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/meetings\/cop_12\/items\/3754.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener 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href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asia_Pacific_Partnership_on_Clean_Development_and_Climate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener 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