{"id":37284,"date":"2007-02-05T15:38:00","date_gmt":"2007-02-05T15:38:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T22:35:49","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T22:35:49","slug":"37284","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/7\/37284\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6cd5\u5236\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u7684\u72ed\u7a84\u7684\u5c71\u8c37\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u7fa4\u519c\u6c11\u8d70\u5411\u4e86\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u56e0\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u6c61\u67d3\u6bc1\u574f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5065\u5eb7\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u507f\u3002\u88ab\u544a\u662f\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u4e24\u5bb6\u5de5\u5382\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u5bb6\u5de5\u5382\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u65b9\u6cd5\u51b6\u70bc\u94dc\u77ff\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u9ed1\u70df\u548c\u81ed\u6c14\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u5468\u8fb9\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u548c\u5e84\u7a3c\u5927\u91cf\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u5f53\u5730\u5c45\u6c11\u60a3\u6162\u6027\u5934\u75bc\u548c\u54b3\u55fd\u3002\u519c\u6c11\u8981\u6c42\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u8fd9\u4e24\u5bb6\u5de5\u5382\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u8d54\u507f\uff0c\u5e76\u52d2\u4ee4\u505c\u6b62\u5236\u9020\u6c61\u67d3\u3002\u4f46\u6cd5\u9662\u62d2\u7edd\u4e0b\u5982\u6b64\u5224\u51b3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u5224\u51b3\u5c06&ldquo;\u627c\u6740\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u91c7\u77ff\u548c\u5236\u9020\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u53bf\u7684\u7a0e\u6536\u524a\u51cf\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u4f7f\u51e0\u5343\u540d\u5de5\u4eba\u5931\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u96be\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c61\u89c1\u4e0d\u9c9c\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u56e0\u73af\u5883\u6076\u5316\u5f15\u8d77\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ed9\u53d7\u5bb3\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u5408\u7406\u8d54\u507f\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e4b\u95f4\u65e5\u6e10\u52a0\u6df1\u7684\u65ad\u5c42\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u57281904\u5e74\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd<a 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target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/english.gov.cn\/2006-09\/07\/content_381756.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1350\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u6709\u5173\u73af\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\u6848\u4ef6\u5728\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u8fd9\u6beb\u4e0d\u5947\u602a\u3002\u636e\u56fd\u5bb6\u73af\u4fdd\u603b\u5c40\u526f\u5c40\u957f\u6f58\u5cb3\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c2005\u5e74\uff0c\u56e0\u73af\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u6709\u7ea6<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chinadaily.com.cn\/bizchina\/2006-05\/04\/content_582631.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">51000\u8d77<\/a>\u30022001\u5e74\u81f32005\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u73af\u4fdd\u603b\u5c40\u63a5\u5230\u5bfb\u6c42\u7ea0\u6b63\u73af\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef6\u8fbe\u5230<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.china.org.cn\/english\/MATERIAL\/170390.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">253\u4e07\u591a\u4ef6<\/a>\uff0c\u63a5\u5f85\u4e8643\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u6765\u8bbf\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u62c5\u5fc3\u73af\u5883\u95ee\u9898\u5c06\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7a33\u5b9a\u9020\u6210\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6311\u6218\u6765\u5b8c\u5584\u5b83\u7684\u73af\u4fdd\u6cd5\u5236\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u6709\u7740\u4f7f\u7528\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u6cd5\u5ead\u89e3\u51b3\u73af\u5883\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u60a0\u4e45\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd1979\u5e74\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u91cd\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u6bc1\u6389\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6cd5\u5ead\u4f53\u7cfb\u4f9d\u7136\u8584\u5f31\uff0c\u6cd5\u5b98\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u5e38\u56e0\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u9020\u6210\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bf9\u5176\u6709\u8d22\u653f\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u5bf9\u6cd5\u5ead\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u5b9e\u65bd\u5e72\u9884\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u6cd5\u5e38\u542b\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u7f3a\u5c11\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u6761\u6b3e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><strong>\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u81ea\u4ece1979\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u6cd5\u8349\u6848\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u5df2\u56ca\u62ec\u4e8620\u591a\u4e2a\u6cd5\u89c4\u3001\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u6761\u4f8b\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8303\u7574\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u5927\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u9632\u6cbb\u6cd5\u300b\u3001\u300a\u6c34\u6c61\u67d3\u9632\u6cbb\u6cd5\u300b\u548c\u300a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chinese-embassy.org.uk\/eng\/zt\/Features\/t214565.htm\" rel=\"noopener 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noreferrer\">\u884c\u653f\u8bb8\u53ef\u6cd5<\/a>\u300b\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u573a\u516c\u4f17\u542c\u8bc1\u4f1a\u3002\u518d\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6df1\u5733\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c45\u6c11\u533a\u53cd\u5bf9\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u6df1\u5733\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e00\u6761\u5730\u4e0b\u4ea4\u901a\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5e9f\u6c14\u6392\u653e\u53e3\u8ddd\u79bb\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bb6\u592a\u8fd1\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5c45\u6c11\u67e5\u9a8c\u4e86\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u6000\u7591\u6709\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u53d1\u73b0\u539f\u6765\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u6c61\u67d3\u6392\u653e\u5904\u4e8e\u5371\u9669\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6709\u4e9b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6848\u4ef6\u6700\u7ec8\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u80dc\uff0c\u4f46\u8bc9\u8bbc\u901a\u5e38\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u534f\u5546\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u8005\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u8d77\u8bc9\u6cb3\u5317\u7701\u73af\u4fdd\u5c40\u6279\u51c6\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5229\u7528\u5e9f\u76f8\u7eb8\u7cbe\u70bc\u94f6\u7684\u9ad8\u6c61\u67d3\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u884c\u653f\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6848\u4ef6\u6700\u7ec8\u56e0\u7f3a\u5c11\u6709\u529b\u8bc1\u636e\u4e24\u6b21\u88ab\u6cd5\u9662\u9a73\u56de\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u600e\u6837\uff0c\u8d77\u8bc9\u4eba\u7684\u8d77\u8bc9\u4e66\u5229\u7528\u6cd5\u5ead\u63ed\u9732\u4e86\u5728\u6279\u51c6\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u660e\u663e\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u56fd\u5bb6\u73af\u4fdd\u603b\u5c40\u6682\u505c\u4e86\u4e3a\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u8fdb\u884c\u73af\u5883\u8bc4\u4f30\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u90a3\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u5ba3\u5e03\u8be5\u62a5\u544a\u65e0\u6548\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u73af\u5883\u8bc4\u4f30\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8be5\u5de5\u5382\u4e5f\u88ab\u8d23\u4ee4\u505c\u6b62\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u4ecd\u7136\u5904\u4e8e\u5173\u95ed\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><strong>\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u516c\u76ca\u8bc9\u8bbc<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u73af\u5883\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u95e8\u6b63\u5728\u63a2\u6c42\u5efa\u7acb\u67d0\u4e9b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u516c\u76ca\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3002\u53bb\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5c06&ldquo;\u516c\u76ca\u8bc9\u8bbc&rdquo;\u786e\u5b9a\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5c06\u91c7\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u8bb8\u53ef\u68c0\u5bdf\u9662\uff08\u76ee\u524d\u68c0\u5bdf\u9662\u4ec5\u6388\u6743\u5bf9\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u548c\u76d1\u7763\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u516c\u76ca\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6743\u7684\u8d77\u8bc9\u4eba\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u73af\u4fdd\u603b\u5c40\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b98\u5458\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6846\u67b6\u5c06\u5141\u8bb8\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6709\u6743\u63d0\u8d77\u516c\u76ca\u8bc9\u8bbc\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8bc9\u8bbc\u4eba\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u91cc\uff08\u5982\u5bf9\u6fd2\u5371\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u635f\u5bb3\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u68ee\u6797\u7684\u635f\u5bb3\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u68c0\u5bdf\u9662\u5728\u516c\u76ca\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6848\u91cc\u63d0\u8d77\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u4e8e\u72ed\u9698\u89e3\u91ca\u73af\u5883\u8d77\u8bc9\u6743\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u90fd\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u5e7f\u5927\u516c\u4f17\u5728\u73af\u4fdd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u9762\u4e34\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5236\u5ea6\u65e2\u5305\u62ec\u653f\u5e9c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u53c8\u5305\u62ec\u516c\u4f17\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u652f\u6301\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u65e9\u5df2\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u8bc9\u8bbc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f25\u8865\u653f\u5e9c\u6267\u6cd5\u4eba\u5458\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u76d1\u7763\u96be\u5bf9\u4ed8\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u95e8\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u73af\u4fdd\u603b\u5c40\u4ec5\u6709300\u6765\u4eba\uff0c\u4eba\u5458\u4e25\u91cd\u7f3a\u4e4f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8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target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nrdc.org\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u81ea\u7136\u8d44\u6e90\u4fdd\u62a4\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a<\/a>\u4e2d\u56fd\u73af\u5883\u6cd5\u9879\u76ee\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u9875\u56fe\u7247<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/mosquitophotography\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mosquito 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