{"id":38008,"date":"2007-11-09T06:48:00","date_gmt":"2007-11-09T06:48:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T22:40:28","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T22:40:28","slug":"38008","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/3\/38008\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6614\u65e5\u98ce\u666f\u753b\u5927\u5e08\uff0c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b0\u5e2e\u624b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"477\" height=\"354\" alt=\"\" src=\"\/UserFiles\/Image\/Turner.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"right\"><em>\u7279\u7eb31838\u5e74\u4f5c\u54c1<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u56fd\u98ce\u666f\u753b\u5bb6<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/J._M._W._Turner\"><span><span>\u7279<\/span><span>\u7eb3<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u753b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981&ldquo;\u8868\u73b0\u666f\u81f4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684&rdquo;\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_warming\"><span><span>\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u4eec\u6b63\u5229\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u753b\u4f5c\u6734\u7d20\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u6539\u8fdb\u5bf9<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Climate_change\"><span><span>\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u540e\u679c\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5206\u6790\u7279\u7eb3\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u8bb8\u591a\u753b\u5bb6\u6240\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u64bc\u7684\u843d\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u627e\u51fa\u5927\u578b\u706b\u5c71\u55b7\u53d1\u7684\u51b7\u5374\u6548\u679c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u63a2\u7a76\u8fc7\u53bb\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u53d8\u5316\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u62df\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Computer_simulation\"><span><span>\u8ba1<span>\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.noa.gr\/indexen.html\"><span><span>\u96c5\u5178\u56fd\u5bb6\u6c14\u8c61\u53f0<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6b63\u5728\u5229\u7528\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Old_Master\"><span><span>\u5927\u5e08<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u7684\u753b\u4f5c\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u81ea\u7136\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u706b\u5c71\u55b7\u53d1\u5439\u5165\u5929\u7a7a\uff0c\u5982\u5370\u5c3c\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.geology.sdsu.edu\/how_volcanoes_work\/Krakatau.html\"><span><span>\u5580\u62c9\u5580\u6258<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u706b\u5c71\u57281883\u5e74\u7684\u55b7\u53d1\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u5f62\u5bb9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u51e0\u5e74\u540e\u843d\u65e5\u8fd8\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u8273\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5915\u9633\u7684\u4f59\u6656\u88ab\u55b7\u8fdb\u5927\u6c14\u5c42\u9ad8\u5904\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u6027\u9897\u7c92\u6563\u5c04\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e9b\u55b7\u53d1\u524d\u540e\u753b\u4f5c\u4e2d\u843d\u65e5\u7684\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u5f53\u65f6\u5929\u7a7a\u4e2d\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7ec4\u957f\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u65af&middot;\u6cfd\u52d2\u798f\u65af\u8bf4\uff1a&ldquo;\u4e00\u4e9b\u8457\u540d\u753b\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ed8\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u753b\u5bb6\u6240\u89c1\u60c5\u666f\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u5199\u7167\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u7528\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u95e8\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u827a\u672f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u603b\u7ed3\u6c14\u5019\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u81ea\u7136\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fd8\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u4fc3\u8fdb&ldquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_dimming\"><span><span>\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6697<\/span><\/span><\/a>&rdquo;\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8be5\u73b0\u8c61\u662f\u7531\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u963b\u6321\u9633\u5149\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e13\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5f53\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u7684\u5236\u52a8\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5de5\u4e1a\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u52a0\u901f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u6cfd\u52d2\u798f\u65af\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u706b\u5c71\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u6027\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6697\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u4e25\u91cd\u30021815\u5e74\uff0c\u5370\u5c3c\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mount_Tambora\"><span><span>\u5766\u535a\u62c9\u706b\u5c71<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u55b7\u53d1\uff0c\u55b7\u51fa\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u7269\u8d28\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684&ldquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mount_Tambora\"><span><span>\u65e0\u590f\u4e4b\u5e74<\/span><\/span><\/a>&rdquo;\uff0c\u5b83\u9020\u6210\u5168\u6b27\u6d32\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e84\u7a3c\u7edd\u6536\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u9965\u8352\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5371\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7ec4\u627e\u5230\u4e861500\u5e74\u81f31900\u5e74\u95f4181\u4f4d\u753b\u5bb6\u6240\u753b\u7684\u843d\u65e5\uff0c\u5171554\u5e45\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peter_Paul_Rubens\"><span><span>\u9c81\u672c\u65af<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rembrandt\"><span><span>\u4f26\u52c3\u6717<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thomas_Gainsborough\"><span><span>\u6839\u5179\u535a\u7f57<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Hogarth\"><span><span>\u8377\u52a0\u65af<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u7b49\u5927\u5e08\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e00\u5e45\u753b\u4e2d\u5730\u5e73\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7ea2\u8272\u548c\u7eff\u8272\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u88ab\u5c18\u57c3\u9897\u7c92\u6240\u6563\u5c04\u7684\u9633\u5149\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u591a\u4e8e\u7eff\u8272\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u843d\u65e5\u6700\u7ea2\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5929\u7a7a\u4e5f\u6700\u810f\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u7ea2\u7eff\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u90fd\u753b\u4e8e\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u55b7\u53d1\u540e\u4e09\u5e74\u4e4b\u5185\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a&ldquo;\u706b\u5c71\u843d\u65e5&rdquo;\u7684\u753b\u670954\u5e45\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u6cfd\u52d2\u798f\u65af\u8bf4\uff0c\u6709\u4e94\u4f4d\u753b\u5bb6\u6070\u597d\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5927\u55b7\u53d1\u4e4b\u524d\u3001\u5f53\u65f6\u548c\u4e4b\u540e\u3002\u7279\u7eb3\u76ee\u7779\u4e86\u4e09\u6b21\u55b7\u53d1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a1815\u5e74\u7684\u5766\u535a\u62c9\u55b7\u53d1\uff1b1831\u5e74\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Babuyan_Claro\"><span><span>\u5df4\u5e03\u5ef6<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u55b7\u53d1\uff1b1835\u5e74\u5c3c\u52a0\u62c9\u74dc\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.volcano.si.edu\/world\/volcano.cfm?vnum=1404-01=\"><span><span>\u79d1\u65af\u53e4\u7eb3<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u55b7\u53d1\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u55b7\u53d1\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e09\u5e74\u5185\uff0c\u7279\u7eb3\u6240\u753b\u843d\u65e5\u4e2d\u7ea2\u7eff\u6bd4\u4f8b\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u5267\u70c8\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u5728\u300a\u5927\u6c14\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u300b(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.atmospheric-chemistry-and-physics.net\/index.html\"><span>ACP<\/span><\/a>)\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u64b0\u6587\u8bf4\uff0c\u7ed8\u753b\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ea2\u7684\u843d\u65e5\uff0c&ldquo;\u53ef\u4ee5\u6682\u65f6\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u706b\u5c71\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e74\u6df1\u65e5\u4e45\u7684\u9000\u8272\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5176\u5b83\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f71\u54cd\u6bcf\u4f4d\u753b\u5bb6\u8272\u611f\u7684\u968f\u673a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u7528\u7ea2\u7eff\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6765\u4f30\u7b97\u6bcf\u6b21\u706b\u5c71\u55b7\u53d1\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6c14\u8f7d\u5c18\u57c3\u91cf\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4f30\u7b97\u5341\u5206\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7814\u7a76\u5386\u53f2\u89c2\u6d4b\u3001\u65e9\u671f\u6d4b\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u51b0\u6838\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u6cfd\u52d2\u798f\u65af\u7684\u5c0f\u7ec4\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u548c\u4f26\u6566\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tate.org.uk\/\"><span><span>\u6cf0\u5fb7<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u535a\u7269\u9986\u534f\u5546\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u5bf940\u5e4520\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u7ed8\u753b\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u770b\u753b\u5bb6\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u6355\u6349\u5230\u4e86<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Industrial_Revolution\"><span><span>\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u4ee5\u6765\u6c61\u67d3\u5bf9\u843d\u65e5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<hr width=\"100%\" size=\"2\" \/>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><strong>\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u5927\u578b\u706b\u5c71\u55b7\u53d1\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>1783\u5e74&mdash;&mdash;\u51b0\u5c9b\u62c9\u57fa\u706b\u5c71\u3002\u55b7\u53d1\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u897f\u6b27\u9020\u6210<a 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href=\"https:\/\/environment.guardian.co.uk\/\">https:\/\/environment.guardian.co.uk\/<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u536b\u62a5\u65b0\u95fb\u4f20\u5a92\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f82007\u5e74\u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u64bc\u7684\u843d\u65e5\u7ed8\u753b\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5927\u578b\u706b\u5c71\u55b7\u53d1\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6b63\u5728\u5206\u6790\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u4eec\u7684\u6770\u4f5c\uff0c\u63a2\u7a76\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u62df\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5927\u536b&bull;\u4e9a\u5f53\u62a5\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40000112,"featured_media":53064,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[776],"tags":[],"hashtags":[],"country":[],"class_list":["post-38008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-776"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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