{"id":38606,"date":"2008-06-04T05:21:00","date_gmt":"2008-06-04T05:21:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T22:46:41","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T22:46:41","slug":"38606","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/5\/38606\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8ba8\u8bba\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u5f03\u98df\u8089\u6765\u633d\u6551\u5730\u7403\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p>\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5371\u673a\u7ed9\u4ee5\u7d20\u98df\u4e4b\u5229\u5f0a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u70ed\u95e8\u4e89\u8bae\u5e26\u6765\u65b0\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u52a8\u7269\u6743\u76ca\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u996e\u98df\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u6b8b\u7559\u3001\u98df\u7269\u4f20\u67d3\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u6c61\u67d3\u4e0e\u5783\u573e\u3001\u65e5\u76ca\u51cf\u5c11\u7684\u9c7c\u7c7b\u79cd\u7fa4\u7b49\u7b49\u5e38\u89c1\u8bba\u636e\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u53c8\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5373\u4f9b\u5c60\u5bb0\u7272\u755c\u7684\u9972\u517b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u6ce8\u5b9a\u8981\u6210\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u9910\u684c\u4e0a\u4e4b\u98e8\u98df\u7684\u725b\u3001\u7f8a\u3001\u732a\u3001\u9e21\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u52a8\u7269\u5728\u5c60\u5bb0\u4e4b\u524d\u9700\u8981\u9972\u517b\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u65e5&mdash;&mdash;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u517b\u80a5\u957f\u8198\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u76ca\u5bcc\u88d5&mdash;&mdash;\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u4e9a\u6d32\u548c\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32&mdash;&mdash;\u5bf9\u8089\u7c7b\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u81a8\u80c0\u3002\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u5f53\u6301\u7eed\u7a33\u5b9a\u589e\u957f\u7684\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u53e3\u9700\u8981\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u98df\u7269\u65f6\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u5374\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u7272\u755c\u9972\u517b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u5730\u533a\uff08\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5982\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u70ed\u5e26\u96e8\u6797\u5730\u533a\uff09\u88ab\u780d\u4f10\u4e00\u7a7a\uff0c\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u7267\u573a\u548c\u79cd\u690d\u56ed\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u90fd\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7cae\u98df&mdash;&mdash;\u5c0f\u9ea6\u3001\u7389\u7c73\u548c\u5927\u7c73&mdash;&mdash;\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u98df\u7528\u7684\u548c\u98df\u54c1\u751f\u4ea7\u6240\u7528\u7684\u5927\u8c46\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c<span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biofuel\"><span>\u751f\u7269\u71c3\u6599<\/span><\/a><\/span><span>\u884c\u4e1a<\/span>\u6b63\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8840\u76c6\u5927\u53e3\uff0c\u541e\u566c\u7740\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5c06<a href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-policy.org\/Updates\/2008\/Update69_data.htm\"><span>\u7cae\u98df\u4ef7\u683c\u62ac\u5347<\/span><\/a>\u5230\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u9965\u997f\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u518d\u4e5f\u4e70\u4e0d\u8d77\u7cae\u98df\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8d2b\u56f0\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/africaCrisis\/idUSL15794527\"><span>\u6297\u8bae<\/span><\/a>\u6d6a\u6f6e&mdash;&mdash;\u6709\u4e9b\u751a\u81f3\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u66b4\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u4e16\u754c\u7cae\u98df\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wfp.org\/aboutwfp\/introduction\/index.asp?section=1&amp;sub_section=1\"><span>WFP<\/span><\/a>\uff09\u6700\u8fd1\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u7cae\u98df\u4ef7\u683c\u5c45\u9ad8\u4e0d\u4e0b\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u4e16\u754c\u7cae\u98df\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\u6210\u7acb45\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a &ldquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wfp.org\/english\/?ModuleID=137&amp;Key=2820\"><span>\u65e0\u58f0\u7684\u6d77\u5578<\/span><\/a>&rdquo;\u6b63\u5a01\u80c1\u7740\u8981\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5927\u96461\u4ebf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u63a8\u5411\u9965\u8352\u7684\u6df1\u6e0a\u30022008\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u7cae\u98df\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\u6267\u884c\u4e3b\u4efb\u7ea6\u585e\u7279&middot;\u65bd\u6797\u8c08\u5230\uff1a&ldquo;\u8fd9\u662f\u9965\u997f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b0\u9762\u8c8c&mdash;&mdash;6\u4e2a\u6708\u4ee5\u524d\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7d27\u6025\u9965\u997f\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u53e3\u5982\u4eca\u5374\u5df2\u7ecf\u6df1\u9677\u5176\u4e2d\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u8089\u7c7b\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6210\u672c\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u8c37\u7269\u98df\u54c1\u548c\u4e73\u5236\u54c1&mdash;&mdash;\u5305\u62ec\u9762\u5305\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u9762\u3001\u7389\u7c73\u997c\u3001\u9762\u7c89\u3001\u725b\u5976\u548c\u9e21\u86cb\u7b49&mdash;&mdash;\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u4e5f\u90fd\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e0a\u6da8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>\u6b63\u5982\u534e\u76db\u987f<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-policy.org\/\"><span>\u5730\u7403\u653f\u7b56\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/span><\/a><span>\u7684\u83b1\u65af\u7279&middot;<\/span><span>R<\/span><span>&middot;\u5e03\u6717<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.earth-policy.org\/Updates\/2007\/Update65.htm\"><span>\u5199\u9053<\/span><\/a><span>\uff1a&ldquo;<\/span><span>8<\/span><span>\u4ebf\u6709\u8f66\u65cf\u548c\u4e16\u754c<\/span><span>20<\/span><span>\u4ebf\u6700\u8d2b\u56f0\u4eba\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u4e89\u593a\u6218\u6b63\u5728\u62c9\u5f00\u5e37\u5e55\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5371\u673a\u662f\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e0d\u65ad\u9ad8\u6da8\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u4ef7\u683c\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u80fd\u529b\u964d\u4f4e\u5230\u751f\u5b58\u7ebf\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65f6\uff0c\u5904\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9636\u68af\u4e0b\u5c42\u68af\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u53e3\u5c06\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u66f4\u4f4e\u68af\u7ea7\u8dcc\u843d\u3002&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>\u9664\u4e86\u8089\u7c7b\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u4ef7\u683c\u548c\u7cae\u98df\u7ade\u4e89\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7cae\u519c\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/about\/about-fao.html\"><span>FAO<\/span><\/a><\/span><span>\uff09<\/span><span>2006<\/span><span>\u5e74\u62a5\u544a\u8bf4\uff1a&ldquo;\u4ece\u5730\u533a\u5230\u5168\u7403\uff0c<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/ag\/magazine\/0612sp1.htm\"><span>\u755c\u7267\u884c\u4e1a<\/span><\/a><\/span><span>\u662f\u540d\u5217\u524d\u4e8c\u6216\u524d\u4e09\u7684\u6700\u4e25\u5cfb\u73af\u5883\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7f6a\u9b41\u7978\u9996\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002&rdquo;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>\u5728\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u755c\u7267\u4e1a\u4e4b\u5de8\u5927\u9634\u5f71\uff1a\u73af\u5883\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u9009\u62e9\u300b\u7684<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.virtualcentre.org\/en\/library\/key_pub\/longshad\/A0701E00.pdf\"><span>\u62a5\u544a<\/span><\/a><\/span><span>\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u603b\u7ed3\u9053\uff0c\u755c\u7267\u4e1a&mdash;&mdash;\u867d\u7136\u5177\u6709\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u4e49&mdash;&mdash;\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u6781\u4e3a\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u52a1\u4e4b\u6025\u662f\u5c3d\u5feb\u51cf\u5c11\u8fd9\u79cd\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u755c\u7267\u4e1a&mdash;&mdash;\u867d\u7136\u4e3a\u4eba\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6444\u5165\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a<\/span><span>10<\/span><span>\u4ebf\u8d2b\u7a77\u4eba\u53e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u751f\u5b58\u4e4b\u9053&mdash;&mdash;\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e5f\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>&#8212; <\/span><span>\u4f7f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a<\/span><span>20%<\/span><span>\u7684\u8349\u5730\u548c\u7267\u573a\uff08\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u5e72\u65f1\u5730\u533a\u4e2d<\/span><span>73%<\/span><span>\u7684\u7267\u5730\uff09\u8870\u7aed\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>&#8212; <\/span><span>\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u5360\u5168\u7403\u7684<\/span><span>18%<\/span><span>\uff08\u4ee5<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carbon_dioxide\"><span>\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carbon_dioxide_equivalent\">\u5f53\u91cf<\/a><\/span><span>\u8ba1\u7b97\uff09\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e1a\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>&#8212; <\/span><span>\u8017\u6c34\u91cf\u5360\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u53e3\u7528\u6c34\u91cf\u7684<\/span><span>8%<\/span><span>\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>&#8212; <\/span><span>\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u6cbf\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6c34\u8d28<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aqua-technique.fr\/les_lacs\/Eng\/eutrophisation\/causes_dte.htm\"><span>\u5bcc\u8425\u517b\u5316<\/span><\/a><\/span><span>\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u6cbf\u6d77&ldquo;\u6b7b\u4ea1\u533a&rdquo;\u4ee5\u53ca\u73ca\u745a\u7901\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u9000\u5316\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>&#8212; <\/span><span>\u52a8\u7269\u7caa\u4fbf\u7684\u6392\u653e\u3001\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u548c\u6fc0\u7d20\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u53ca\u6765\u81ea\u76ae\u9769\u5236\u4f5c\u3001\u5316\u80a5\u548c\u6740\u866b\u5242\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u4f7f\u6c34\u57df\u4e2d\u6709\u5bb3\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>&#8212; <\/span><span>\u901a\u8fc7\u538b\u5b9e\u571f\u58e4\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u6e17\u900f\u3001\u4fb5\u8680\u6cb3\u5cb8\u3001\u5e72\u6db8\u6cdb\u6d2a\u5e73\u539f\u4ee5\u53ca\u964d\u4f4e\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u4f4d\u7b49\u9014\u5f84\u59a8\u788d\u4e86\u6d3b\u6c34\u8865\u7ed9\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>&#8212; <\/span><span>\u4fb5\u5360\u4e86\u91ce\u751f\u52a8\u7269\u805a\u5c45\u5730\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u5bcc\u88d5\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c&ldquo;\u5927\u91cf\u6444\u5165\u52a8\u7269\u6027\u98df\u54c1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u52a8\u7269\u8102\u80aa\u548c\u7ea2\u8089\u7684\u98df\u7528&rdquo;\u4e0e\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u548c\u67d0\u4e9b\u764c\u75c7\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5c06\u52a8\u7269\u8fd0\u8f93\u5230\u5c60\u5bb0\u573a\u3001\u5c60\u5bb0\u52a8\u7269\u3001\u51b0\u51bb\u52a8\u7269\u5c38\u4f53\u4ee5\u53ca\u9500\u552e\u8089\u5757\u7b49\u8fc7\u7a0b\u90fd\u8981\u8017\u8d39\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u3002\u6839\u636e<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www-news.uchicago.edu\/releases\/06\/060413.diet.shtml\"><span>\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66<\/span><\/a><\/span><span>\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u9879<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/geosci.uchicago.edu\/%7Egidon\/papers\/nutri\/nutri.html\"><span>\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/a><\/span><span>\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e00\u5361\u8def\u91cc\u7684\u690d\u7269\u86cb\u767d\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u4e00\u5361\u8def\u91cc\u7684\u8089\u86cb\u767d\u9700\u8981\u71c3\u70e7\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5c06\u6392\u653e\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><span>\u97f3\u4e50\u5bb6<\/span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paul_McCartney\"><span>\u4fdd\u7f57&middot;\u9ea6\u5361\u7279\u5c3c<\/span><\/a><\/span><span>\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u957f\u671f\u7d20\u98df\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u6700\u8fd1<\/span><span><a 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