{"id":38731,"date":"2008-07-10T08:47:00","date_gmt":"2008-07-10T08:47:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2020-06-22T22:47:21","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T22:47:21","slug":"38731","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dialogue.earth\/zh\/4\/38731\/","title":{"rendered":"\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7167\u4eae\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6e38\u7267\u6c11"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u897f\u90e8\u548c\u897f\u5317\u90e8\uff0c\u534a\u6e38\u7267\u6c11\u51ac\u591c\u8737\u7f29\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u504f\u50fb\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\u91cc\uff0c\u590f\u5929\u4f4f\u5728\u5e10\u7bf7\u91cc\uff0c\u7164\u6cb9\u706f\u3001\u9165\u6cb9\u706f\u548c\u8721\u70db\u5192\u7740\u70df\uff0c\u5728\u660f\u6697\u7684\u706f\u5149\u4e0b\uff0c\u89c6\u7ebf\u6a21\u7cca\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7267\u6c11\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6700\u8d2b\u56f0\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u73b0\u91d1\u6536\u5165\u6781\u5c11\uff0c\u4ee5\u7269\u6613\u7269\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528\u94b1\u65f6\u5356\u4e00\u5934\u7266\u725b\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u5934\u7f8a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u533a\u57df\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e5d\u4e2a\u7701\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u6c14\u5019\u975e\u5e38\u5bd2\u51b7\uff0c\u5730\u52bf\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6d77\u62d4\u9ad8\u8fbe4,000\u7c73\u3002\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Qinghai\"><span>\u9752\u6d77<\/span><\/a>\u7701\uff0c\u7267\u6c11\u51ac\u5b63\u5728\u76f8\u5bf9\u9632\u5bd2\u7684\u5c71\u8c37\u4e2d\u653e\u7267\uff0c\u590f\u5b63\u5219\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u6d77\u62d4\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7267\u573a\u3002\u5728\u540c\u6837\u9065\u8fdc\u548c\u4eba\u53e3\u7a00\u5c11\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5185\u8499\u53e4\u3001\u7518\u8083\u548c\u56db\u5ddd\u7b49\u5730\uff0c\u60c5\u5f62\u4e5f\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u6761\u4ef6\u8270\u82e6\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u519c\u6751\u5c45\u6c11\u548c\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u90bb\u5c45\u76f8\u8ddd\u9065\u8fdc\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u6709\u9650&mdash;&mdash;\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5962\u4f88\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grid_connection\"><span>\u7535\u7f51<\/span><\/a>\u4f9b\u7535\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u60c5\u51b5\u6b63\u5728\u9010\u6e10\u597d\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684&ldquo;\u519c\u6751\u80fd\u6e90\u53d1\u5c55\u9879\u76ee&rdquo;\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ashdenawards.org\/files\/reports\/redp_china_case_study_2008.pdf\"><span>REDP<\/span><\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u80fd\u591f\u4e70\u5f97\u8d77\u7684\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solar_energy\"><span>\u592a\u9633\u80fd<\/span><\/a>\u7167\u660e\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a2001\u5e74\u7531<a href=\"https:\/\/en.ndrc.gov.cn\/\"><span>\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u6539\u59d4<\/span><\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/\"><span>\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c<\/span><\/a>\u8054\u5408\u53d1\u8d77\u3001\u5f97\u5230<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gefweb.org\/\"><span>\u5168\u7403\u73af\u5883\u57fa\u91d1<\/span><\/a>\u56fd\u9645\u8d60\u6b3e\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u57282008\u5e746\u6708\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u8fd14\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7684&ldquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ashdenawards.org\/our_work\"><span>\u963f\u4ec0\u767b<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sustainable_energy\">\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u80fd\u6e90\u5956<\/a>&rdquo;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u9879\u76ee\u542f\u52a8\u5230\u4eca\u5e74\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8865\u8d34\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u548c\u897f\u5317\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u7684\u504f\u8fdc\u3001\u65e0\u7535\u5bb6\u5ead\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86402,000\u5149\u4f0f\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Photovoltaics\"><span>PV<\/span><\/a>\uff09\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u6237\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u6237\u7528\u5149\u4f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7535\u529b\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5149\u4f0f\u7ec4\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7535\u529b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u6237\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u88c5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u91d1\u5c5e\u624b\u63d0\u7bb1\u91cc\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u643a\u5e26\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u4e24\u76cf\u7535\u706f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7535\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u624b\u673a\u5145\u7535\u3002\uff08\u6536\u653e\u673a\u3001\u7535\u89c6\u673a\u548c\u5f71\u789f\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\uff09&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>REDP\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u7ecf\u7406\u7f57\u6b23\u83b2\u79f0\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u6237\u56db\u53e3\u4eba\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u4f7f161\u4e07\u4eba\u53d7\u76ca\uff0c&ldquo;\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u897f\u85cf&rdquo;\u3002\u5979\u63a5\u7740\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"\/UserFiles\/Image\/solar_tent.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u5d4c\u677f\u7684\u7267\u6c11\u5e10\u7bf7<\/p>\n<p>\u963f\u4ec0\u767b\u5956\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u517c\u4e3b\u5e2d\u5df4\u7279\u52d2-\u65af\u6d1b\u65af\u8868\u793a\uff0c&ldquo;\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9879\u76ee&rdquo;\uff0c\u5b83&ldquo;\u6276\u6301\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5149\u4f0f\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u4e86\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u5730\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u6237\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u3001\u6279\u53d1\u5546\u548c\u96f6\u552e\u5546\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>\u660e\u4eae\u3001\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u7535\u706f\u597d\u5904\u591a\u591a\uff0c\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u665a\u4e0a\u5728\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5929\u5b66\u4e60\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8721\u70db\u3001\u7164\u6cb9\u706f\u548c\u9165\u6cb9\u706f\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u660f\u6697\u548c\u5192\u70df\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u6253\u7ffb\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u706b\u707e\u9690\u60a3\u3002REDP\u79f0\uff0c\u7167\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u5f97\u6751\u91cc\u665a\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u52a0\u5f3a\u90bb\u91cc\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u8bca\u6240\u3001\u8def\u8fb9\u5546\u5e97\u9910\u9986\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bfa\u5e99\u548c\u5404\u7c7b\u9662\u6821\u4f9b\u7535\u7167\u660e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6751\u5e84\u536b\u661f\u7535\u8bdd\u3001\u6d2a\u6c34\u9884\u8b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6c14\u5019\u76d1\u6d4b\u7ad9\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u516c\u5171\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u7535\u529b\u3002\uff08\u53d7\u76ca\u4e8e\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e00\u6240\u5b66\u6821\u6821\u957f\u8bf4\uff1a&ldquo;\u6709\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5929\u9ed1\u65f6\u4e0d\u5fc5\u505c\u8bfe\u3002&rdquo;\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6709\u4e86\u4fbf\u643a\u5f0f\u7535\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u653e\u7266\u725b\u7684\u7267\u6c11\u8868\u793a&ldquo;\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u524d\u5f80\u590f\u5b63\u7267\u573a\u65f6&rdquo;\u9189\u5fc3\u4e8e\u542c\u97f3\u4e50\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u56db\u4e2a\u53bf\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u8c03\u67e5\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u6237\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u6e90\u8f93\u51fa\u768458%\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u7167\u660e\uff0c\u7ea638%\u7528\u4e8e\u653e\u6536\u97f3\u673a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fde\u63a5\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ebd\u5e26\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5a31\u4e50\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5e76\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u611f\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u590f\u5b63\u7267\u573a\uff09\u3002\u5176\u5b83\u8bbe\u5907&mdash;&mdash;\u4f8b\u5982\u5f55\u97f3\u673a\u3001\u5f71\u789f\u673a\u548c\u7535\u89c6\u673a&mdash;&mdash;\u7ea6\u5360\u80fd\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u76844%\u3002\uff08\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7535\u8bdd\u5145\u7535\u529f\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u6709\u7528\uff1b\u5728\u66f4\u504f\u8fdc\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u7f51\u7edc\u53ea\u4e3a\u805a\u5c45\u7684\u6751\u5e84\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u6237\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u4e5f\u6709\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u73af\u5883\u8db3\u8ff9\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u8fd8\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\uff1a\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u7684\u7164\u6cb9\u548c\u8721\u70db\u5192\u70df\u9020\u6210\u5bb6\u5ead\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u3002REDP\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e5\u6709\u7ea680\u4e2a\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u6237\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u65b9\u96f6\u552e\u5546\u548c32\u4e2a\u6279\u53d1\u5546\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5927\u7ea61,500\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c3,000\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u968f\u7740\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u5728\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0a\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f57\u6b23\u83b2\u8868\u793a\uff1a&ldquo;\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u65e2\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u3002&rdquo;2008\u5e746\u6708\u5e95&mdash;&mdash;\u5e26\u7740\u963f\u4ec0\u767b\u5956&mdash;&mdash;REDP\u9879\u76ee\u5706\u6ee1\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u975e\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u7ed3\u5c40\uff0cREDP\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a&ldquo;\u4e2d\u56fd\u5149\u4f0f\u884c\u4e1a\u534f\u4f1a&rdquo;\uff0c\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed&mdash;&mdash;\u5e76\u8de8\u8d8a&mdash;&mdash;\u539f\u6709\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u987e\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u8bbe\u7acb\u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href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Photovoltaic_module\"><span>\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u5149\u4f0f\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/span><\/a>\u7528\u9a74\u8f66\u5e26\u56de\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>REDP\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u752810-500<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Watt-peak\"><span>\u5cf0\u74e6<\/span><\/a>\uff08Wp\uff09\u7684\u5149\u4f0f\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u4f0f\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3001\u4e00\u5757\u7535\u6c60\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charge_controller\"><span>\u5145\u7535\u63a7\u5236\u5668<\/span><\/a>\uff08\u8c03\u8282\u5668\uff09\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inverter_%28electrical%29\"><span>\u9006\u53d8\u5668<\/span><\/a>\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u706f\u6ce1\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Direct_current\"><span>\u76f4\u6d41\u7535<\/span><\/a>\u63d2\u5ea7\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63d2\u6536\u97f3\u673a\u6216\u8005\u624b\u673a\u5145\u7535\u5668\u3002\u6237\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u524d\u5177\u670911.1<a 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